Post on 18-Aug-2020
transcript
Sept2017
Preparedby
ImprovingManagementofAgEnergyandWaterUse
JimAnshutzKurtMaloneyTimYoung
Sept2017
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AStoryAboutanIrrigationSystem
JimAnshutz
Sept2017
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Sept2017
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PumpPlant
Efficiency21.5%
30HP
60HP
1PSI
23PSI
9PSI
18PSI
15PSI
Sept2017
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Sub-MainFlush
FreshWaterClamShells
WrongPressureSettings
BrokenRegulators
CloggedScreens
Sept2017
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FlowVariationThroughouttheSystemwasHorrible
Sept2017
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EffectsofPoorDistributionUniformity
0 1005 10 15 2520 30 4035 45 50 6055 65 70 75 80 85 90 95
2
1
4
3
5
6
DU=.6
DU=.7
DU=.8DU=.9
DU=1.0
%ofFieldReceivingthe“AppliedWater”
AppliedWater–AcreFoo
t
Sept2017
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CaliforniaIrrigationInstitute2015Conference
“TheRestoftheStoryonIrrigationEfficiency”
“Approximately55%ofthecropnon-uniformityiscausedbyirrigationsystemdistributionuniformity”
CharlesMBurtChairman,IrrigationTrainingandResearchCenter
CalPolySanLuisObispo,CA
Sept2017
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BrianHockettDistrictManger,NorthWestKernCounty,ResourceConservationDistrict
IrrigationMobileLaboratory
27YearTimePeriod
Sept2017
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WithoutKnowingtheSystemPerformanceHowCanWeImplementSmartDeviceMonitoringandtheSchedulingofIrrigations?
Sept2017
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MoistureMeasuringDevice
Sept2017
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SummaryofMarch2017Report
“ImprovingMgmt.of
AgEnergyandWaterUse”
KurtMaloney
Sept2017
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ProjectGoalsIdentifytypesofinformation,softwareandhardwareusedforIrrigationmanagementDeterminethecurrentadoptionrateoftechnologyIdentifygapsandstrategiesforacceleratingadoption
Sept2017
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ProjectDescriptionLiteraturereviewCollectedinformationfromGrowersviaOn-lineSurveyConductpersonalinterviews
ManufacturersIrrigationDealersGrowersGovernmentConsultantsAcademia
Sept2017
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DataSource:UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture1988,1994,1998,2003,2008and2013FarmandRanchIrrigationSurvey
Sept2017
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DataSource:PG&E’semergingTechnologiesProgramReportET14PGE1501SoilMoistureSensorTechnology– ImpactonWaterPumpinginAgriculturalCrops 2014
715
2127
3132
3673
5206
5344
7429
14922
18097
33163
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000
ComputerSimulationModels2%
PlantMoistureSensingDevice5%
CommercialorGovernmentalSchedulingService7%
WhenNeighborsBegintoIrrigate8%
ReportsonDailycrop-waterevapotranspiration12%
SchedulebyWaterDeliveryService12%
SoilMoistureSensingDevice17%
PersonalCalendarSchedule34%
FeelofSoil41%
ConditionofCrop75%
MethodsUsedinDecidingWhentoIrrigate
Sept2017
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DataSource:ManagementofAgriculturalEnergyandWaterUsewithAccesstoImprovedDataSurveySeptember2016
94
78
32
28
23
7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
WaterMeters36%
Time(hoursperirrigation)30%
PumpTest12%
DistrictRecords11%
EstimatedPumpFlow9%
NoMeasurement3%
MethodtoDetermineHowMuchWaterisBeingAppliedwithEachIrrigation
Sept2017
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Data Source: “An Analysis of Mobile Laboratory Irrigation System evaluation Data: Agricultural Systems” Blain Hanson, Wil Bowers: Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA Bayohay Davidoff: State Department of Water Resources, Sacramento CA Arturo Carajol: Mobile Laboratory, State Department of Water Resources, Sacramento, CA
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
<50% 50 - 55 % 55 - 60% 60 - 65% 65 - 70% 70 - 75% 75 - 80% 80 - 85% 85 - 90% 90 - 95% >95%
PercentofFarmsMeasuredDistributionUniformity458FarmsTested
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
<50% 50 - 55 % 55 - 60% 60 - 65% 65 - 70% 70 - 75% 75 - 80% 80 - 85% 85 - 90% 90 - 95% >95%
PercentofFarmsMeasuredDistributionUniformity458FarmsTested
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
<50% 50 - 55 % 55 - 60% 60 - 65% 65 - 70% 70 - 75% 75 - 80% 80 - 85% 85 - 90% 90 - 95% >95%
PercentofFarmsMeasuredDistributionUniformity458FarmsTested
48%
31%
21%
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ImpactofPoorD.U.Performance80AcreSystem
How to use this chart:If a grower wants to apply 3 acre feet of irrigation to all parts of the field, then depending on the degradation of Uniformity he must compensate by over applying in some of the field. This chart calculates the wasted water, energy and fertilizers based on the over application.
IncreasedQuantityofInputsperAcreperYearDuetoD.U.DegradationBaseduponaNewSystemDUof90%
DistributionUniformity
Inputs 85% 80% 75% 70% 65% 60%
FertilizerLbs./Acre 17 35 60 80 110 140
WaterinAcreFeet(SurfaceWaterSupply) 17 33 53 77 103 133
EnergyCost/Acre@$0.18 $5.00 $15.00 $25.00 $35.00 $45.00 $55.00
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ProjectKeyFindings/Results
Doyouirrigateasefficientlyasyoucould,consideringuniformityandtime/amount?
Isitimportanttoyoutoknowtheuniformityofyourirrigationsystem?
Haveyouhad yourirrigationsystemevaluatedforuniformity?
Yes
No
92
22 1
113
46
68
DataSource:TheCenterforIrrigationTechnologyReportMarch2017,ImprovingMgmt.ofAgEnergyandWaterUse
Sept2017
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10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Increase NoChange Decrease
ChangeinWaterUsebecauseofSMSuse
DataSource:PG&E’semergingTechnologiesProgramReportET14PGE1501SoilMoistureSensorTechnology– ImpactonWaterPumpinginAgriculturalCrops 2014
Sept2017
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12,555
9,198
8,061
6,475
5,171
4,403
1,799
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000
Investigatingimprovementsnotapriority
Cannotfinanceimprovements
Uncertaintyaboutfutureavailabilityofwater
Riskofreducedyieldororpoorercropquality
Improvementswillnotreducecostsenoughtocoverinstallationcosts
Physicalfield/cropconditionlimitsystemimprovements
Landlordwillnotshareincost
BarrierstoMakingImprovementstoReduceEnergyUseorConserveWater
DataSource:USDA,NationalAgriculturalStatisticsService,2012CensusofAgriculture,FarmandRanchIrrigationSurvey2013
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ProjectKeyFindings/ResultsNotEasytoDeployEquipmentLowTrustinTechnologyandDataprovidedLackofsatisfactoryperformancebysomemanufacturers/dealershaslimitedrateofadoptionSomeSMSmanufacturersand/orgrowersdonotunderstandpotentialBenefitsofSmartMeters
Sept2017
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ProjectKeyFindings/ResultsEQIPpaidforasignificantportionofSMSequipment,butarenotutilizedforschedulingirrigationeventsStateWideEnergyEfficiencyProgram(SWEEP)hasnotachieveddesiredadoptionrateofSMS(dataunverified)Technologycompaniesoveremphasizewatervs.yieldratio’sattheexpenseofotherbenefitsGrowersareresistanttoinitialCost+SubscriptionFeeplatformsWholesaledistributionchannelsarechallengedtobeprofitable
Sept2017
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WatermovementthroughsoilisNOTfullyunderstoodbymanygrowers,thereforesensordatadoesn’talignwithexpectations/actions,reducingconfidenceofinformationManygrowersdonotrecognizethepotentialofwaterandenergyreductionsfromSMStechnologiesMostgrowersdonotassociateotherinputcostreductionsoryieldincreaseswithSMStechnologies.Growersdesireactionabledata
DevelopedbyAgH2O
ProjectKeyFindings/Results
Sept2017
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BarriersandGaps
WhatshouldbeDone
TimYoung
Sept2017
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OverarchingBarriersEntrenchedCulturalpractices
WaterhasbeentakenforgrantedinCaliforniaAdoptionrateisrelativelyslowGrowersarebeginningtosharestoriesonhowenergyandwatercostscanbebettermanaged
IrrigationschedulingGrowersdonotseethevalueofimprovingirrigationscheduling.LackofunderstandingonhowefficientanirrigationsystemshouldbeGroweroftenresortstowhathasbeendoneinthepast
CostandreturnoninvestmentGrowersdon’tconsiderinvestmentcostsorROI’sManygrowersmaynothavetheinformationordatacriticaltomakingtheresourceinvestmentGrowerswouldbenefitfromtakingabroaderviewbyincludingenergyandfertilizersascostreductionopportunitiesassociatedwithimprovedirrigationuniformityandscheduling
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OverarchingBarrierscont.Criticalpath
Simplystated,otherissuesonthefarmneedtobedealtwithfirst.Growersaresimplyconfusedbythemultitudeofoptions
ComplexityanduncertaintyUnderstandingtheinteractionbetweenvariousinputsandtheiraffectononeanother.
LearningcurveGrowersdonothavethetimegiventhedailycomplexityoftheirothertasks
Sept2017
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BarriersandGapsMoreintensiveeducation
Properuseofirrigationwaterasitrelatestothebalanceofplant,soil,andwaterisneeded.SimplifyingthecomplexityofanalyzingdataBetterunderstandingofthebasicsofsoilsandplantneedswillhelpincreaseproficiency
AbetterunderstandingofwatermovementinvarioussoiltypesGrowersmustlearnthatwhatgooddistributionuniformityisandhowtomaintainthoselevelsoftheirsystemSystemoperatorsshouldbecomeproficientinmeasuring,maintaining,operatingandschedulingirrigation torealizefullbenefitsandcostcontainmentThedevelopmentofmorecomprehensivedesigntrainingforirrigationdealers
Developmentofdesignstandardsincludingbestpractices.Predictivecostofannualownership.Impactofsizingpipingandcomponentsasitimpactswater,energy,systemfunctionalityandflexibilityCompletelyunderstandofReturnonInvestment(ROI)andTotalCostofOperation(TCO).
PromotionsofSmartMeters,andtheirusesandbenefitsneedtobeconsidered..
Sept2017
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Government
Academ
ic
Grower
ViewofToday
Sept2017
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WhatNeedstoHappenGoingForward
Independentmarketsegmentthinkingisdependentonbringingthosesegmentstogethertoeducate,presentvalue,meetregulationsandcustomerneedstoachievemutualsuccessthatissustainable.
Government
Academ
ic
Grower
Sept2017
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TheuseofSmartDeviceswillaidAginresourcereductionandyieldimprovementsonlyifwe
areALLSMART