Industrialization of Industrialization of AmericaAmerica

From “Rags to Riches”From “Rags to Riches”

POWERHOUSEPOWERHOUSE

TransformationTransformationof Americaof America

The Second Industrial RevolutionThe Second Industrial Revolution

The Standard Oil OctopusThe Standard Oil Octopus

PUCK magazine PUCK magazine

The Bosses of the SenateThe Bosses of the Senate

Fueling Fueling American American IndustryIndustry

Abundance of Abundance of natural natural resourcesresources

CoalCoal

Iron oreIron ore

OilOil

Water- Water- electricityelectricity

TimberTimber

coal

Iron ore

oil

Drake Strikes OilDrake Strikes Oil

Edwin DrakeEdwin Drake

Pennsylvania Rock Oil Pennsylvania Rock Oil Company.Company.

Drilling for Drilling for underground oilunderground oil

August 27, 1859 August 27, 1859 struck oil at 69 feet struck oil at 69 feet down. down.

TITUSVILLETITUSVILLE, , PENNSYLVANIAPENNSYLVANIA

First operating oil well. First operating oil well.

E L E C T R I C I T YE L E C T R I C I T Y

Thomas EdisonThomas Edison

George George WestinghouseWestinghouse

Lewis LatimerLewis Latimer

Thomas Alva EdisonThomas Alva EdisonThe “Wizard of Menlo The “Wizard of Menlo Park”Park”

Lab at Menlo Park, New Lab at Menlo Park, New JerseyJersey

Invention FactoryInvention Factory

1,093 patents. 1,093 patents. Incandescent light bulb.Incandescent light bulb.

PhonographPhonograph

Motion picture cameraMotion picture camera

Kinetoscope (peep show viewer)Kinetoscope (peep show viewer)

General ElectricGeneral Electric 1892 1892

Electric LampElectric Lamp

George WestinghouseGeorge Westinghouse

Developed a device called a Developed a device called a transformertransformer. The transformer . The transformer allowed electricity to be allowed electricity to be efficiently transmitted over efficiently transmitted over long distances. This made it long distances. This made it possible to supply electricity to possible to supply electricity to homes and businesses located homes and businesses located far from the electric generating far from the electric generating plant. plant.

Experimented with the use of Experimented with the use of ALTERNATING CURRENT – AC – ALTERNATING CURRENT – AC – which is less expensive and which is less expensive and more practical. more practical.

WESTINGHOUSE WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC 1886ELECTRIC 1886

Lewis LatimerLewis LatimerWorked with Worked with EdisonEdison

Patented Patented improvements to improvements to light bulb. light bulb.

COMMUNICATIONSCOMMUNICATIONSPrior to 1840s, messages had to be delivered Prior to 1840s, messages had to be delivered

by post riders and Pony Express. by post riders and Pony Express.

T E L E G R A P HT E L E G R A P H

T E L E G R A P HT E L E G R A P H

Samuel MorseSamuel MorseMorse Code -1844Morse Code -1844

W E S T E R N U N I O NW E S T E R N U N I O N

Transatlantic Telegraph Transatlantic Telegraph CableCable

T E L E P H O N ET E L E P H O N E

Alexander Graham Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Bell and Thomas WatsonWatson““Talking Telegraph”Talking Telegraph”““Mr. Watson, Mr. Watson, please come here. please come here. I want you.”I want you.”BELL TELEPHONE BELL TELEPHONE COMPANYCOMPANY - 1877 - 1877

Bell’s Bell’s PatentPatent

Imagined Uses of Imagined Uses of the Telephonethe Telephone,,

from "What from "What Science May Do Science May Do

For Us," For Us," LifeLife. 5:121 . 5:121 (April 23, 1885). (April 23, 1885).

232-233.232-233.

"The Preacher "The Preacher of the Near of the Near

Future Future Conducting Conducting Service a la Service a la Telephone" Telephone"

Imagined Uses of Imagined Uses of the Telephonethe Telephone,,

from "What from "What Science May Do Science May Do

For Us," For Us," LifeLife. 5:121 . 5:121 (April 23, 1885). (April 23, 1885).

232-233.232-233.

"The Wife of "The Wife of the Bosom the Bosom

Could Attend Could Attend Service and Service and Prepare the Prepare the

Dinner"Dinner"

Imagined Uses of the TelephoneImagined Uses of the Telephone,, from "What Science May Do from "What Science May Do

For Us," For Us," LifeLife. 5:121 (April 23, 1885). 232-233.. 5:121 (April 23, 1885). 232-233.

"How My Puritan Ancestors would have "How My Puritan Ancestors would have 'caught on' to this" 'caught on' to this"

Imagined Uses of the TelephoneImagined Uses of the Telephone,, from "What Science May Do from "What Science May Do

For Us," For Us," LifeLife. 5:121 (April 23, 1885). 232-233.. 5:121 (April 23, 1885). 232-233.

"No Going to Church Without Your "No Going to Church Without Your Breakfast" Breakfast"

S T E E LS T E E L

Turning Iron Ore into S T E E LTurning Iron Ore into S T E E L

The Bessemer ProcessThe Bessemer Process

HENRY BESSEMER & WILLIAM HENRY BESSEMER & WILLIAM KELLYKELLY

The Bessemer ProcessThe Bessemer Process

The Bessemer The Bessemer ProcessProcess

S T E E LS T E E L Key uses.Key uses.

Railroad trackRailroad track

Skyscrapers Skyscrapers

S T E E LS T E E L

Steel Suspension Steel Suspension BridgesBridges

Brooklyn BridgeBrooklyn Bridge

Fueling American IndustryFueling American Industry

Abundant labor Abundant labor forceforce

Impact of the RAILROADSImpact of the RAILROADS

Railroad building Railroad building and the railroad and the railroad network network transformed the transformed the nation’s economy.nation’s economy.

Helped industry Helped industry and agriculture and agriculture prosper.prosper.

The TRANSCONTINENTAL The TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROADRAILROAD

Transcontinental RailroadTranscontinental RailroadPacific Railway Pacific Railway Act of 1862Act of 1862

Union Pacific Union Pacific RailroadRailroad

Central Pacific Central Pacific RailroadRailroad

Transcontinental RailroadTranscontinental Railroad

UNION PACIFIC UNION PACIFIC RAILROADRAILROAD

Began Began construction from construction from Omaha, NebraskaOmaha, Nebraska

Used many Irish Used many Irish immigrants in immigrants in labor forcelabor force

Transcontinental RailroadTranscontinental Railroad

CENTRAL PACIFIC CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROADRAILROAD

Began Began construction from construction from Sacramento, Sacramento, CaliforniaCalifornia

Used many Used many Chinese Chinese immigrants on immigrants on labor forcelabor force

TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROADTRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD

Completed on Completed on May 10, 1869May 10, 1869Union PacificUnion Pacific and and Central PacificCentral Pacific met at met at

Promontory PointPromontory Point in Utah in Utah

The Golden Spike CeremonyThe Golden Spike Ceremony

Leland Stanford drives in the final Leland Stanford drives in the final spikespike. *. *

““The Last Spike” (1881) by Thomas HillThe Last Spike” (1881) by Thomas Hill

Railroad Land GrantsRailroad Land Grants

Railroad Network by 1880Railroad Network by 1880