Information Literacy Seminar

Responsible Use

Presentation Created by Leslie Yoder

Information Literacy

Knowing when and why you need information, where to find it, and how to evaluate, use and communicate it in an ethical manner.

From the Chartered Institute of Library Information Professionals website.

The New 3Rs

• Research Process

• Reliable Resources

• Responsible Use

The ISTE NETS - Students (Int’l. Society for Technology in Education)

The Standard

5. Digital Citizenship

Students understand human, cultural, and societal issues related to technology and practice legal and ethical behavior.

The ISTE NETS Teachers

The Standard

4. Promote and Model Digital Citizenship and Responsibility

Teachers understand local and global societal issues and responsibilities in an evolving digital culture and exhibit legal and ethical behavior in their professional practices.

Why is it important?

The landscape has changed

Brave New World• Information has changed• Belief that content on the “Net” is free.• Confronted by situations before we

have solutions• False notion of “tech savvy” kids• “Immigrant” mentality• Perceived anonymity, invisibility• “Cheating Culture”

http://www.startribune.com/nation/35282034.html

Goals for this seminar

Teachers will leave with a better understanding of:

1. Copyright law

2. Fair Use Guidelines

and

3. Why they matter

“Copy from one, it's plagiarism;

copy from two, it's research.”

~Unknown

Plagiarism

Using another person's words, ideas or creative work without giving credit to that person.

Used with permission of artist.

The New Plagiarism

Easier than ever Poorly designed assignments Real or imagined confusion regarding

ownership of information on the Internet

Busy, pressured students Absence of consequences

Why is it a problem?

• It’s illegal and unethical

• Students don’t learn

What is our goal?

• Detection

or

• Prevention

What’s the solution?

• Plagiarism-proof assignments

• Teach – paraphrasing– citation– copyright free resources

• Approach from the “Golden Rule”– Our kids are and will be creators of information

Resources• Plagiarism Proof Assignments

Doug Johnson Blue Skunk Blog Tip Sheets - Question

• Paraphrasing and Summarizing Teaching it - from The OWL Tip Sheets - Gather

• Citation tools The Citation Machine

Citation Maker

COMO LINKS comosr.spps.org < Library Media Center

< Teacher Tools http://comosr.spps.org/86c906e9-8a3c-4d0f-976f-56888ce0a07f.html

Copyright and Fair Use for Teachers http://comosr.spps.org/Copyright_and_Fair_Use.html

< Research Process http://comosr.spps.org/Research_Process.html

MLA Citation Example Sheets (& Generators) http://comosr.spps.org/mla.html

Plagiarism Policy http://comosr.spps.org/Plagiarism_Policy.html

Confusion

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Intellectual Property

Intellectual property rights give creators exclusive rights to their creations, thereby providing an incentive for the author or inventor to develop and share the information rather than keep it secret.

Intellectual Property Primer

Public Domain

“Those works that are either no longer protected by copyright or never were.”

From http://www.copyright.comhttp://www.copyright.cornell.edu/public_domain/ Cornel University

http://www.unc.edu/~unclng/public-d.htm

Copyright Law

Derived from specific language in the Constitution, U.S. copyright law exists to foster creativity and spur the distribution of new and original works.

The law grants copyright holders, such as publishers, writers and other types of creators, the exclusive right to reproduce, perform, distribute, translate and publicly display their original works.

http://www.copyright.com

Copyright Protects:

1. Literary works

2. Musical works

3. Dramatic works

4. Pantomimed and choreographed works

5. Pictorial, graphic and sculpted works

6. Motion pictures and audiovisual works

7. Sound recordings

What’s Copyright?

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Copyright

Concept emerged after invention of printing press, in the 1400s.

Originally intended to protect elite, censor information.

200 years later, shifted to protection of creators.

First US Copyright Act - 1790 Four revisions, last in 1976 Tends to be “self-correcting.”

Multimedia

http://www.copyright.com/

Copyleft

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyleft

Creative Commons

http://creativecommons.org/

Balance

Fair Use

Allows you to use copyrighted materials in your teaching, on a limited basis.

A Uniquely US Concept

It is presumed the use is minimal enough that it does not interfere with the copyright holder's exclusive rights to reproduce and otherwise reuse the work.

Based on Four Criteria 1. Purpose of use or transformative factor

2. Nature of the work

3. Amount and sustainability of the portion used

4. The effect on marketability

User’s Rights

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Multimedia Guidelines (old)• Music, lyrics, and music video:

– up to 10 percent of the work but no more than 30 seconds of the music or lyrics from an individual musical work.

– Illustrations or photographs:– no more than five images from one artist

or photographer.– no more than 10% or 15 images,

whichever is less, from a collection.• Numerical data sets:

– up to 10 percent or 2,500 fields or cell entries, whichever is less, from a copyrighted database or data table.

From: http://www.umuc.edu/library/copy.shtml#student

http://www.copyright.com/

“A variety of content and media is now available online, but fear and misinformation have kept teachers and students from using this valuable material, including portions of films, TV coverage, photos, songs, articles, and audio, in the classroom.”

Center for Social Media Press Release http://www.centerforsocialmedia

Five Principles of the Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for

Media Literacy Education Educators can, under some circumstances:

1. Make copies of newspaper articles, TV shows, and other copyrighted works, and use them and keep them for educational use.

2. Create curriculum materials and scholarship with copyrighted materials embedded.

3. Share, sell and distribute curriculum materials with copyrighted materials embedded.

Learners can, under some circumstances:

4. Use copyrighted works in creating new material

5. Distribute their works digitally if they meet the transformativeness standard.”

From: http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/10618

The Transformative FactorThe Purpose and Character of the Use:

When taking portions of copyrighted work, ask yourself the following question:

Has the material you have taken from the original work been transformed by adding new expression or meaning?

From: http://fairuse.stanford.edu/Copyright_and_Fair_Use_Overview/chapter9/9-b.html

Copyright Quiz

Sacramento State University

Resources

A Teacher's Guide to Fair Use and Copyrighthttp://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm

The Educator's Guide to Copyright and Fair Usehttp://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr280.shtml

Copyright Charthttp://www.techlearning.com/techlearning/pdf/db_area/archives/TL/2002/10/copyright_chart.pdf

University of Minnesota Fair Use Test http://www.lib.umn.edu/copyright/checklist.phtml

Nancy Willard suggests:

• Teach about the value of created works to society.

• Use public domain resources wherever possible. • Collaborate with other educators to create and

disseminate public domain materials • Ask permission to use copyrighted work • Teach students to give credit for work used

From The Educator’s Guide to Copyright and Fair Use

Giving credit

Citation Maker

COMO LINK FOR CITATION MAKERS

comosr.spps.org/mla

http://comosr.spps.org/mla

Asking permission

It’s Easy!

Used with permission of author

In Conclusion

• Educators and students need to be informed and educated regarding the issues and the law.

• Uniformly communicated and enforced policies work best.

• If this seems complicated, it’s because it is. Use your resources!• Teach citizenship, not compliance.

Resources Consulted• Copyright in the Cyber Agehttp://www.electronic-school.com/0698f5.html• Copyright in a Digital Age http://www.electronic-school.com/2000/06/0600f2.html• Copyright Issueshttp://www.ala.org/ala/washoff/WOissues/copyrightb/copyright.htm• Cyberbee:Copyright and Digital Contenthttp://www.infotoday.com/MMSchools/oct01/cybe0110.htm• Educators Guide to Copyright and Fair Usehttp://www.techlearning.com/db_area/archives/TL/2002/10/copyright.html• Fair Use: Overview and Meaning for Higher Educationhttp://www.cetus.org/fair5.html• The Educator’s Guide to Copyright and Fair Use http://www.education-world.com/a_curr/curr280.shtml• Teacher’s Guide to Fair Use and Copyrighthttp://home.earthlink.net/~cnew/research.htm