Post on 19-Nov-2014
description
transcript
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
GROUP
What is Globalization
Refers to the trend toward countries joining together
economically, through education, society and politics
The six processes of Globalization
Speeding up the flows of capital, people, goods, images and ideas across de globe.
Intensification of the links, modes of interaction and flows that interconnect the world.
Stretching Out of social, cultural, political and economic practices across frontiers.
Interdependency of the global and the local landscape
Anti-Eurocentric movement from the practices that take European or Western values, concerns, good and culture and place them on other countries located around the globe.
“Westernization” does not occur, in the sense that people absorb ideas, values and lifestyles from Western Civilization.
I.TIt is the use of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data.
History
.
A sumerian abacus was capable to add
and subtract by counting
With appropriate procedures, a chinese abacus could calculate multiplication, division, square root, and cube
root.
2700-2300 BC
150-100 BC
14th century
Antikythera mechanism is known as the 1st mechanical calculator/computer used for astronomical calculation.
John Napier invented
Napier's bone. (He also
discovered logarithms in
1614)
Pascaline - A mechanical calculator
invented by Blaise Pascal.
History: Mechanical calculators
Invented by William Oughtred, can calculate log, exp, trigonometry.
Stepped Reckoner, invented by G. W. Leibniz, can compute + - x /
1617 1622 1643 1694
Joseph Marie Jacquard
“programmable” loom
Herman Hollerith developed a punched card
tabulating machine, capable to sort over 200
cards per minute. He founded TMC, merged with
CTR which renamed IBM
History: Programmable Machines
Charles Babbage attempted to build the Analytical Engine, a general-purpose computer, controlled by a list of instruction.
1801 1837 1887
Konrad Zuse's Z3, the 1st
programmable (computer.
Atanasoff-Berry Computer: the 1st
electronic,digital computer.
ENIAC :the 1st all, electronic turning, complete programmable (wiring, punched card) computer.Havard Mark I (IBM ASCC): the 1st large-scale automatic digital computer
1941 1944
History:1st Generation
Bell Lab invented the transistor – function like
vacuum tubes but smaller, lower power consumption, more
reliable.
UNIVAC I – the 1st commercial computer. Mercury Delay Line Memory used in UNIVAC IMagnetic Core Memory used in later models of UNIVAC
1947 1951
History: 2nd Generation
Jack Kilby invented the Miniaturized Electronic
Circuit
DEC PDP-8 – started from US$ 16,000, it is the first successful minicomputer.
IBM introduced System/360: a highly configurable, highly backward compatible, mainframe computer system.
1958 1964 1965
History: 3rd Generation
Intel 4004: The 1st
commercial microprocess
or
Apple I – the 1st PC of
Apple, with the price tag of US$ 666.66
History: 4th Generation
MITS Altaire 8800: the 1st microcomputer, based on intel 8080, sold as mail-ordered kit.
Apple II – The beginning of PC era. It's the 1st highly successful mass-produced PC.
1971 1975 1976 1977
IBM PC – Because of the name of
IBM, business adopted using a PC for the office work.
Apple Macintosh: the 1st
commercially successful
computer that uses a GUI.
History: 4th Generation
Compaq Portable The first 100% compatible IBM PC.
Microsoft Windows – GUI for IBM PC & Compatible.
1981 1982 1984 1985
Tim Berners
Lee invented WWW.
Linux – a free/open source
alternative OS originally written by Linus Torvalds.
History: 4th Generation
Microsoft Windows 3.0 - de facto GUI for PC.
Deep Blue defeated the world #1 G. Kasparov.
1989 1990 1991 1997
Windows XP released.
Windows Vista
released
AMD Athlon 64 X2 – the 1st 64-bit dual-core processor for PCs
History: 4th Generation
2001 2005 2007
How it got globalized
• Globalization really came to being in the latter part of the 20th century with
advances in information technology. Information technology was the driver in creating
the worldwide integration of various global
markets that make up globalization.
Rise of the Personal
Computer
The rise of the Windows-based PC, which popularized personal computing, eliminated another
important barrier that was restricting globalization
Invention of the World Wide Web
• Perhaps the greatest influence on the progression of
globalization was the invention of the World
Wide Web in 1991
Fiber-Optic Cables
The first fiber-optic cable system was implemented in
1977, made of pure glass arranged in bundles that could be used to
carry digitized packets of information.
Creation of Work Flow Software
One of the first major information technology’s that was geared to businesses was the creation of work flow software in the mid-
1990’s.
Open-Sourcing
A community-driven software movement
where companies and individuals make their source code available
online
Supply Chaining
A method of integrating horizontally between suppliers, retailers
and customers to create value for the company
Digital, Mobile, Personal and Virtual Movement
More recently the world has been swarmed with digital cameras, mobile PDA’s and cell phones
along with personal laptops and this is having a profound affect on the progression of globalization.
Countries known for I.T
Finland leads world in embracing information technology according to index
Business-friendly environment, top education system key to success
Embracing e-government: The Case of Colombia, Uruguay and
Panama
Colombia, Uruguay and Panama have become champions of e-government and connectivity. In Colombia, Internet connections have tripled to 6.2 million in the last 2.5 years. In Uruguay, small and medium-sized tech enterprises helped lift technology exports from US$ 50 million in 2000 to US$ 225 million in 2010.
Negative aspects
Unemployment Privacy Lack of job security Dominant culture Implementation expenses Health effects Improper development of
education
UNEMPLOYMENT
I.T. can create jobs of a few persons with the capacities of doing the job of more workers.
This means that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with causing more people to become unemployed.
PRIVACY
• Though information technology may have made communication quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also brought along privacy issues.
LACK OF JOB SECURITY
• Since the technology is changing day by day one has to keep learning or updating his/her knowledge or else the job he/she is doing will be not secure.
DOMINANT CULTURE
• While information technology may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one.
IMPLEMENTATION EXPENSES
• While information technology may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one.
• Recently mobile phone technology has been developed drastically. So the radioactive waves from mobile phones and other related equipment are damaging the health conditions of people.
HEALTH EFFECTS
• Especially education field has become highly technified. This technology has not been properly introduced for proper development of education.
IMPROPER DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION
THANK YOU