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Integrated Energy Systems –requirements and challenges from developments in requirements and challenges from developments in Germany, Spain and Denmark
Thailand – EU Cooperation Facility Phase II (TEC II)Stakeholder Workshop 15 th August 2012
© Siemens AG 2012. All rights reserved.
1. Paradigm shift in power grids
Content
2. FENIX Project (Spain)
3. Ecogrid EU Project (Denmark)
4. IRENE Project (Germany)
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Electrification of society
“Age of Coal”
Extensive generation of electrical energy
19th Century 20th Century
Shift to New Electricity Age Challenges require rethinking:
Unsustainable energy system
The New Electricity Age
Electricity will be the energy
21st Century
Sustainable energy system
Paradigm shift in power grids: The New Electricity Age
Unsustainable energy system
“Age of Coal”
“Generation and load
electrical energy ”Age of fossil fuels”
“Generation follows load”
Challenges require rethinking: 1.) Demographic change 2.) Scarce resources 3.) Climate change
“Energy system shifting”
Electricity will be the energy source with a power grid as
backbone.
Integrated energy system
“Load follows generation”
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
*) ICT = Information and Communication TechnologiesProsumer = producer and consumer
“Generation and load closely coordinated”
Supply island withstochastic load
“Generation follows load”Integrated network, central
generation, load stochastically predictable, unidirectional energy flow
Coalhydro
Coal, gas, oil,hydro, nuclear
No environmental concerns
“Energy system shifting”Increasingly decentralized,
fluctuating generation“consumer” becoming “prosumer”
Coal, gas, oil,hydro, nuclear,
biomass, wind, solar
Environmental awareness
“Load follows generation”Central + decentralized generation,
intelligence with ICT*,bi-directional energy flow
Renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro, biomass),
“clean” coal, gas
The Wind Power ChallengeAn illustrative case from Denmark
Today (Nov-Dec 2011) Tomorrow (2020)
28 % wind power
50 % wind power power
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
In the future wind power will exceed the entire demand of electricity in Denmark > 1,000 hours
Wind power already covers the
entire demand of electricity in Denmark
in many hours
Smart Grid utilizes time flexible energy demandof consumers for an integrated optimization
For traditional energy systems there is always sufficient controllable
supply
The "Smart Grid"
Optimising all sources to balance supply and demand
without impacting Quality of life
Renewable supply capacity is uncontrollable - Storage and energy Management become key to network
balancing
Supply
Peak Demand
Available supply
Using tools and techniques to manage supply and
consumption to reduce risk
without impacting Quality of life
Using storage capability where supply and demand are
imbalanced
Making real time decisions to maintain availability and quality
And uncontrollable consumption And the consumption needs to be flexible
Available supply
Supply
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Customer Demand Customer Demand
Demand
1. Paradigm shift in power grids
Content
2. FENIX Project (Spain)
3. Ecogrid EU Project (Denmark)
4. IRENE Project (Germany)
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Integration of Distributed Energy Resources into a Virtuell Power Plant
Flexible Electricity Networks to Integrate the e Xpected ‘energy evolution’
� The goal of the FENIX project is to proof that different Distributed Energy � The goal of the FENIX project is to proof that different Distributed Energy Resources (DER) can be aggregated and taken into the market as a single Virtual Power Plant (VPP) and that the Distribution System Operator (DSO) participates in the technical validation of the process.
� The VPP performs the aggregation of the capacity of many diverse DER not only for day ahead marketing issues but also in real-time by collecting active and reactive power capabilities of the DERs from Local agents – thus allowing the VPP to provide also tertiary reserve for the TSO and ancillary services
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
the VPP to provide also tertiary reserve for the TSO and ancillary services (reactive power control) for the DSO.
The selected network
Bilbao
Valencia
Alicante
Toledo
Madrid
Valladolid• Area around 3.000 km 2
• 169.001 Low Voltage Customers – 70% Urban– 12% Suburban– 17% Rural
Alava Network
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Alicante– 17% Rural
• 1.234 MVA = Total Capacity– 687 MVA Installed capacity– 547 MVA Contracted capacity
• 1.907 Km of lines– 80% aerial– 20% underground
Región Este
Región Madrid
Región Centro
Región Norte
Región Oeste
Control Centre
Actors in the Demo
Market (OMEL) DSO (IBD)TSO (REE)
400 and 220 kV Network
Interconnections
GG G
Conventional generatorsloads
G
G
G
GFenix box
G
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
GG
G
Households
Industrial & commercial
Wind farms
CHP
G
GG
AggregatorsFenixFenix box
Intelligent meters
Fenix box
G
G
TSO = Transmission System OperatorDSO = Distribution System Operator
FBµHydro 3. DER schedule + bids(disaggregated) IBERDROLA
Distribution
TV
PP
FBCHP
Web Server
IEC104CVPP
SMS
Work Done - Demo Architecture
GPRS
IBERDROLADistribution
Real time control system
ICCP
1. DER schedule
(offer)
FBCHP
WP SGIPE
2. DER schedule (clearance)
4.- DER schedule + bids
(validated)
DistributionParallel control systemT
VP
P
FBCHP
FBCHP
OPC
CVPP(DEMS®)
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
TSO REEReal time control system
Market OMEL
Real time control system5. DER bids(aggregated)
Business as usual
Business as usualCVPP Commercial Virtual
Power PlantTVPP Technical Virtual
Power PlantCHP Combined Heat and
Power productionWP Wind PowerFB Fenix Box
DEMO main highlights
� With FENIX, the DSO has the opportunity to validate DER schedule (In Spain Generation schedules are validated only by TSO, considering the high voltage network)network)
� For the first time a DSO has an application Voltage/Var control to optimize Distribution networks that consider DER outputs as control variables (non existing before)
� FENIX has explored successfully the use of Back-up units to export energy into the network
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel1010
It’s the first time a SO uses DER It’s the first time a SO uses DER It’s the first time a SO uses DER
capacities to give system supportcapacities to give system supportcapacities to give system support
It’s the first time a SO uses DER It’s the first time a SO uses DER It’s the first time a SO uses DER
capacities to give system supportcapacities to give system supportcapacities to give system support����
1. Paradigm shift in power grids
Content
2. FENIX Project (Spain)
3. Ecogrid EU Project (Denmark)
4. IRENE Project (Germany)
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
What is Bornholm?
� 30.000 customers� Connected to Nordic power grid via 60 kV
70 MW AC sea cable� Peak consumption 55 MW� Peak consumption 55 MW� Annual consumption ~260 GWh� Wind turbines installed capacity ~30 MW
(34 wind turbines)� Photo voltaic installed capacity 2 MW by
spring 2012� 2 MW biogas plant � 16 MW CHP plant� 35 MW diesel and oil engines for reserve
SwedenDenmark
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Germany Poland
12
The Scope of a Real-time Market
The EcoGrid Real-time Market will be an
QuantityDirect control
Market-based operation
Market will be an integrated part of the current power markets and supports the need of direct control options on a very short time scale
Regulating power market
AGC/LFC/Frequency-
EcoGrid
Real-time
Market
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Time scale
Frequency-controlledreserves Inertia
Days Hours Minutes Seconds Now
Volatility13
The fundamental idea of the EcoGrid EU Concept
The market concept
allows regulation of DER
through price signal without
Direct measurement of the
individual DER response
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel14
“Added Value” Technology Involved…
WP 3 Implementation
TSO system SCADA - DSO
Meter Value - Data Hub
Other markets
WP 3 Implementation
of market place
PowerMatcher
aggregation
EcoGrid market platform
IBM GreenWave Reality and PowerMatcher Siemens
WP 4
Implementation
Cell Controller
Real-world interfaces
Siemens DEMS
aggregation
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
AMR
system
Smart control Smart control
WP 5 Installation
& education
of DER response
PV FC EV
Smart Meters
Smart Control
Smart Meters
Smart Control
Smart Meters
Smart Control
Status for EcoGrid EU after one year
� The market concept has been refined and validated: the main questions and challenges are identified
� Installation of AMS system on Bornholm has been completed
� It has been established an «open house» showing how the automation works
� Several hundreds of customers have been recruited
� The first automation sets are in place
� We are planning test operation through two heating seasons
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
16
1. Paradigm shift in power grids
Content
2. FENIX Project (Spain)
3. Ecogrid EU Project (Denmark)
4. IRENE Project (Germany)
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Location of the IRENE project
Integration of Renewable ENergy and Electromobility
www.projekt-irene.de
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Why there?
122.460
AÜW PV power
0
30.615
61.230
91.845
bis 2
001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
kW
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
bis 2
001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Installierte Leistung Installierte Leistung ZubauInstalled Annual addition
Changing load profiles patterns challenge existing distribution grid infrastructures
Weekly loading of a transformer station in the rura l area
the LEW-Verteilnetz GmbH – 2003 and today
Load in kW200
100
0
-100
Load profile 2003
Load profile today
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
-100
-200
-300
12:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:0012:00 12:00 12:00 12:00 12:00 12:00 12:00
Source: LEW
Self-Organizing Energy Automation Systems(SO EASY) infrastructure configuration
Control center at AÜW
FrontEnd Archiv UI Monitoring and control system
Database
InternetMobile communication network
IEC 104
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
Load Load
Project results
� Installation, test, evaluation of technologies and products for complexsmart grid projects
� Measure- and control system for voltage and current limitation in the low voltage distribution grid
� Active- and reactive power regulation of photovoltaic generation
� Small distributed battery modules
� Onload-tap-changers for MV/LV-transformers
� E-Cars as controlled load, and as means to store energy
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel
� E-Cars as controlled load, and as means to store energy
� Prove of customer benefit by financial and technical assessment of the different grid support mechanisms in comparison to network extension
Questions?
Dr. Rolf ApelSiemens AGSiemens AGSector Infrastructure & CitiesDivision Smart GridTechnology & Innovation
Sector Infrastructure & CitiesDr. Rolf Apel