Intermediate 1 Computing studies Course Slides

transcript

Intermediate 1 Computing Studies

Unit List

1. Computer Applications

2. Multimedia Applications

3. Computers & The Internet

4. Exam Preparation

5. Coursework Preparation

• 3 Units

Computer Applications

Multimedia Applications

Computers and the Internet

March 2009 Nairn Academy Intermediate 1 3

• Computer Applications: - Computer Software - Word Processing - Databases - Spreadsheets - Bit mapped (PAINT) Graphics - Vector (Draw) Graphics

• Multimedia Applications: - Hardware Factors - Features of Multimedia Software: Presentation Software DTP Software Multimedia Authoring Software

• Computers and the Internet - Computer Hardware - Computer Software - The Internet - Web Authoring - Software Development process creating a simple

website.

• You will be required to:

- Sit 1 Theory NAB per unit

- Submit practical work for evidence

- Sit an End of Unit test x3

- Coursework

- Exam

• What is Computer Software:

- The programs that can run on a computer.

2 types:

i) Applications Software

ii) System Software

• Systems Software = Operating System

Used to receive signals from peripherals

Send correct signals to peripherals

Store documents on Disk

e.g. Windows XP, Vista, MacOS X

• Applications Software • Designed to perform specific tasks: Write letters (Word Processing) Perform Calculations (Spreadsheets) Store and Organise Information (Database) Draw Pictures (Vector ‘Drawing’ ) Play Games

Exercise 1 from Notes

p.6 - 7

• Computer Hardware

• Variety of:

1. Input

2. Output

3. Backing Storage Devices

• Computer Harware: INPUT DEVICES 1. Mouse 2. Keyboard 3. Touchpad 4. Graphics Tablet 5. Scanner 6. Digital Camera READ P.8 - 9 of LTS Notes

Computer Hardware: OUTPUT DEVICES

1. Laser Printer & Inkjet Printer

2. ( TFT & CRT)

• Computer Hardware: BACKING STORAGE

1. Floppy Disk 2. Hard Disk 3. CD ROM / CD-R / CD-RW / DVD 4. USB Flash Drive

Homework

•Computer Applications

•HOMEWORK 1

•(Use slides and LTS notes to hep you answer the questions)

Computer Applications IN PAIRS: Create a Mindmap for all 3 types of Computer Hardware

OUTPUT DEVICE

CRT Monitor

Inkjet Printer

• How do computers work? • Computers work on electricity. • Electricity in a computer can either be ON or

OFF. • ON has the value of 1 • OFF has the value of 0 • All information used by a computer must be

stored as a pattern of 1’s and 0’s

• How do computers work? Each 1 or 0 is called a Binary Digit or BIT Bit – 1 or 0 Byte = 8 bits Kilobyte (Kb) = 1024 bytes Megabyte (Mb) = 1024 Kilobytes Gigabyte (Gb) = 1024 Megabytes Terabyte (Tb) = 1024 Gigabytes

• How do computers work? • OPERATING SYSTEM: Controls and monitors any devices that are

attached to the computer system. E.G. – If you log on to the network in school and

enter your user ID and password then this is controlled by the Operating System.

• How do computers work? PROCESSOR The ‘Brain’ of the computer Usually measured in Megahertz (MHz) or

Gigahertz (GHz) Deals with all the computer instructions.

• How do computers work?

MEMORY

2 Types – RAM & ROM

RAM – Random Access Memory (Read From and Write To)

ROM – Read Only Memory (cannot write to this)

• How do computers work? RAM Used to store programs and data that is

loaded from Backing Storage or received from an Input Device.

RAM clears when the power is switched off. This is why we used Backing Storage.

• How do computers work? ROM The computer cannot add data to ROM. The computer can only read the data. Certain important programs are stored here. The programs are built into the ROM chip

when it is made.

• MEMORY Vs BACKING STORAGE Memory (RAM): used to store programs and

data when the computer is switched on. Backing Storage: is where all the programs and

data files are stored when the computer is not using them and when the computer is switched off.

• How do computers work?

MAIN MEMORY (RAM & ROM)

BACKING STORAGE DEVICES Floppy Disk Drive Hard Disk Drive USB Flash Drive

CD-ROM/ DVD-ROM Drive

INPUT DEVICES Mouse, Keyboard, Graphics Tablet,

Touchpad, Scanner, Digital Camera

OUTPUT DEVICES Printer – Inkjet & Laser

Monitor (VDU) – TFT or CRT PROCESSOR

Exercise 2 from Notes

p.15 - 16

Homework

•HOMEWORK 2

• Getting Help:

Online Help: an information screen that is available when you are using an application program (MS Word etc)

Online Tutorial: A set of step by step lessons stored on the computer that teaches you the features of the application package.

Create a Glossary of Terms using the following words: Software Hardware Application Software Systems Software / Operating System Input Device Output Device Backing Storage Memory (RAM & ROM) Processor Online Help Online Tutorial

USE P.1 – P.17 OF LTS NOTES TO HELP AS WELL AS YOUR COPY OF THE POWERPOINT SLIDES.

• WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE

With WP software you can:

• Edit Text (Insert, Amend, Delete)

• Format Text (Font, Size, Style, Colour, etc)

• Format Pages (Header/Footer, Tabs, Margins, etc)

• Add Graphics (Clip Art, Photo, etc)

• Wrap text to added object

• Cut, Copy, and Paste

• Search and Replace (Find & Change)

• Spell Check

Workbook

• Exercise 3 and 4

Workbook

• Exercise 5 and 6 + review terms

Workbook

• Exercise 7 and 8 + review terms

• Word Processing: ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

• Spell Checker ---- Limitations

• Enter Text

• Delete Text

• Undo

• Change Font

• Change Size

• Change Style

• Clip Art

• Word Processing: Home and Work uses

• HOME: Letters, Computing Homework, etc

• WORK: Letters, Business Contracts, etc

• Question: List some advantages and disadvantages of computerised Spreadsheets.

• ALTERNATIVES

Handwriting Recognition

Optical Character Recognition

Voice Recognition

Touch Sensitive Screen

READ PAGES 36-37 OF LTS NOTE FOR MORE INFORMATION THEN DISCUSSION

Exercises 9 from Notes

p.38-39

Introduction to Spreadsheets

• In this topic you will learn about

• SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE

With SS software you can:

• Use cell addresses/references to perform calculations.

• Edit Data – numbers, text, formulae (insert, amend, delete)

• Copy formulae (Fill Down & Fill Right)

• Insert and Delete Columns & Rows

• Create basic arithmetic functions (+, -, *, /)

• Use SUM and AVERAGE functions

• Sort data on 1 column

• Format cells – Currency £, Change Row Height, Change Column Width

• Create simple charts and graphs.

Computer Applications • SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE

COLUMN

• Spreadsheet Software: Home and Work uses

• HOME: Club Register, Personal Banking etc

• WORK: Tax calculations, staff registers etc

Question

• What are the advantages of electronic spreadsheets over the traditional manual methods?

Exercise 10 and 11

REVIEW P.41 – 42 OF LTS COMPUTER APPS NOTES

Homework

•HOMEWORK 3

Exercise 12 and 13

Get ready to take notes!!!

Exercise 14 – 16

Upload all files to online storage

Teacher preparation

• Assign - Computer Applications - Spreadsheets - End of Topic Test

S.Caddell / Nairn Academy / S1 ICT

/ Unit 2 53

Pupil instructions

• Come in and sit at your normal seat

• Log on to the school network

• Turn and face the front of the room ready to take notes

• Listen closely

/ Unit 2 54

What are we going to cover?

• Aims and Objectives:

Review all the theory learned to date: Spreadsheet topic only

Test our knowledge of Spreadsheet theory learned to date

/ Unit 2 55

Computer Applications SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE With Spreadsheet software you can: • Use cell addresses/references to perform calculations.

• Copy formulae (Fill Down & Fill Right) • Insert and Delete Columns & Rows

• Use SUM and AVERAGE functions • Sort data on 1 column

End of Unit Test

• www.classmarker.com

• Computer Applications - Spreadsheets - End of Topic Test

What do we do now?

• Get all our Practical Evidence together

• Keep studying and practicing

• Use the resources available:

• PowerPoint slides – www.hitcomp.net

• Review past www.classmarker.com questions and answers

• Try some of the www.quiz.hitcomp.net quizzes

What have we covered today?

Review all the theory learned to date: Spreadsheet topic only

Test our knowledge of Spreadsheet theory learned to date

/ Unit 2 59

Teacher preparation

Check that Database package is working

Check the quiz links

Add homework check to planner for next lesson

/ Unit 2 60

Pupil instructions

• Come in and sit at your normal seat

• Log on to the school network

• Turn and face the front of the room ready to take notes

• Listen closely

/ Unit 2 61

What are we going to cover?

Develop an understanding of the term: DATABASE

Distinguish the difference between a SPREADSHEET and DATABASE

Develop a basic understanding of some of the theoretical terms relating to DATABASES

Develop an awareness of home and work related uses for DATABASE packages

/ Unit 2 62

DATABASE SOFTWARE

With DB software you can:

• Design a Database (Choosing suitable field names)

• Design a Database (Choosing suitable field types; number, date, time,)

• Create a new Database

• Edit an Existing Database (insert, amend, delete records/fields)

• Sort on a single/multiple field

• Search on a single/multiple field

Database Software: key terms

FIELD – A single item of data stored in a record.

FIELD TYPE – Determines the type of data that must be entered: Number, Text, Date, Graphics, etc

RECORD – A data structure with one or more fields of information. FILE – Information held on backing storage or in memory.

Exercise

Try the following quizzes:

• http://dotatmac.mcmaster.ca/db_basics/db_10_quiz.htm

• http://www.teach-ict.com/gcse/software/db/starters_plenaries/gcsedatayesno.htm

Questions

Copy the following questions:

Information held on backing storage or in memory is stored as a?

A single item of data stored in a record is called a?

A data structure with one or more fields of information is called a?

What determines the type of data that must be entered: Number, Text, Date, Graphics, etc?

Answer the following questions in your project/notebooks.

Database Software: Home and Work uses

HOME: Storing family/friends addresses etc

WORK: Storing customer information etc

Homework

DURATION: 10-15 mins

DUE: next lesson

Go home and write up a list of all the home and work uses of database software you can think of. Have this ready for the next lesson.

What have we covered today?

Developed an understanding of the term: DATABASE

Discussed the difference between a SPREADSHEET and DATABASE

Developed a basic understanding of some of the theoretical terms relating to DATABASES

Developed an awareness of home and work related uses for DATABASE packages

/ Unit 2 69

• Databases:

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES????

Exercises 17-18

REVIEW P.61-63 OF LTS COMPUTER APPS NOTES

Exercises 19-21

Exercises 22-23

• Database Software: Home and Work uses

• FIELD – A single item of data stored in a record. • FIELD TYPE – Determines the type of data that must be entered: Number, Text,

Date, Graphics, etc • RECORD – A data structure with one or more fields of

information. • FILE – Information held on backing storage or in memory.

• GRAPHICS SOFTWARE

• 2 Types:

Drawing (Vector Graphics)

Painting (Bitmap Graphics)

• With DRAWING software you can:

- Create pictures & shapes

- Make changes to a picture

- Move, copy, resize part of a picture

• GRAPHICS SOFTWARE • DRAWING Tools • Straight Line • Rectangle • Ellipse • Freehand • Text • Library of shapes • Zoom/Magnify

See P.73 of LTS notes to familiarise yourself with the above notes

• GRAPHICS SOFTWARE • DRAWING Editing Tools

• Select objects • Width of line • Line Colour • Fill Colour See P.73 of LTS notes to familiarise yourself with the

above notes March 2009 Nairn Academy Intermediate 1 78

Exercises 24-26

REVIEW P.73 OF LTS COMPUTER APPS NOTES

Exercises 27

Exercises 28

Exercises 29

• With PAINTING SOFTWARE software you can:

- Create pictures & shapes

- Make changes to a picture

- Move, copy, resize part of a picture

• GRAPHICS SOFTWARE • PAINTING Tools • Straight Line • Rectangle • Ellipse • Textbox • Pencil – Thin Lines • Brush – Thick Lines • Zoom/Magnify

• GRAPHICS SOFTWARE • PAINTING Editing Tools • Select part of a picture • Paint Pot (Fill) • Eraser • Width of Line • Line Colour • Fill Colour

• Graphics Software: Home and Work uses

• TASK: Think up as many different ways to use Graphics software at home and in as many workplaces as you can. Put your answers down on a Graffiti sheet.

• Graphics Software: Mind Map

• TASK: Create a Mind Map for both types of Graphics software and then, by comparing the maps, list the differences between the 2.

Homework

•HOMEWORK 4

Exercises 30-32 from Notes

p.86-92

SEE NEXT SLIDE

NAB Revision

• Theory NAB Preparation

NAB Revision

• Theory NAB – SQA Solar

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

• End of Unit Test • NAB Outcome 1 – Collect Practical

evidence • NAB Outcome 2 – Theory Test (Multiple Choice)

UNIT 2

MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS

• What is Multimedia?

• Everything you see and hear

• Text, sound, graphics, animations

• Who uses Multimedia?

Education

Business

Leisure

EXERCISE 1 (use the Theory notes to assist you)

• A Multimedia Computer System Consists of: Input Devices Output Devices Memory Backing Storage Software

• Input Devices

Keyboard

Scanner (w/OCR)

Microphone (w/Voice Recognition)

Graphics Tablet (w/Handwriting Recognition)

Digital Camera

• Optical Character Recognition

• Scan text directly into computer memory

• Once scanned, the user can edit the text

• Voice Recognition Software

• Spoken words are converted into computer text

• User must speak clearly and slowly

• Software has difficulty understanding strong accents

• Handwriting Recognition Software

• Allows the user to use his/her normal handwriting to add text into the computer

• Reads the shape of the writing and convert is

• Cannot read poorly written text

• Digital Camera

• Allows a user to add photographic images into the computer system

• Removable backing storage

• Resolution

• The amount of detail in an image

• Measured in Dots Per Inch (dpi)

• Digital Video Camera

• Used for taking movies and works in a similar way to Digital Cameras

• Requires a great deal of memory

• Output Devices

Monitors

Speakers

Data Projectors

• Monitors

• 2 types:

• LCD (Modern, flat panel)

• CRT (Older, large body)

• LCD • Liquid Crystal Display • Light • Portable • Flat • Uses less power than CRT

• CRT • Cathode Ray Tube • Light beams hit the phosphorous inside the

screen making it glow • Not so portable • Uses more power than LCD technology

• Speakers

Use to output sound

Used especially in Multimedia Presentations

Extra loudspeakers can usually be added

Links in to the Sound Card

• Data Projector

Project output from the computer on to a large white screen

Allows large audiences to view a presentation

Works with a Graphics Card

• Graphics Card

• Provides good quality monitor output

• Large amounts of their own memory

• Monitors and Data Projectors plug into the Graphics Card

Homework

•Multimedia Applications

•HOMEWORK 1

• Backing Storage

• Hard Disk

• Floppy Disk

• Compact Disk (CD)

• USB Flash Drive

• Digital Versatile Disk (DVD)

• Hard Disk

• Magnetic

• Large Storage Capacity (approx. 250GB)

• Ideal for storing large Multimedia Presentations with video and sound files

• Floppy Disk

• Older technology

• 1.44MB Storage Capacity

• Not suitable for Multimedia Files

• Compact Disks

• Optical Storage

• Portable

• Direct Access

• Compact Disks

• Large Storage Capacity (approx. 700MB)

• Useful for storing Multimedia

• Various types

• Compact Disks

CD-ROM

See pages 15 & 16 of the Multimedia Theory notes for more information

• Digital Versatile Disks • Capacity from 4.7GB to 17GB • Portable • Optical • Useful for storing Multimedia

• Digital Versatile Disks

DVD-RW

• USB Flash Drives

Small Compact Memory Chip

264MB to 16GB

Portable

Can be re-written to many times

Use USB port on any computer

See table on p.17 for a run down of all the backing storage devices

mentioned

• File Types

• Text File Types (.txt / .doc / .rtf)

• Graphics File Types (.bmp / .gif / .jpeg)

• Video File Types (.mpeg / .avi)

• Sound File Types (.wav / .mp3)

• File Types

• Reducing the amount of data to be stored

• Compression of data

• Smaller files = Faster downloads

• Text File Types

• .txt

• .doc – Microsoft Word

• .rtf – Saves files with formatting

• Graphics File Types

• .bmp – bitmap

• .gif – Graphics interchange File Format (Bitmap)

• .jpeg – Joint Photographic Experts Group

• File Compression - GIF

• Code used to store repeated patterns of data

• Bits are not stored individually

• File Compression - JPEG

• Reduces file size by approx. 80%

• Cuts out parts of a graphics that will not be seen by the human eye

• Little loss in picture quality

• Bitmapped Graphics Files

• Made up of a grid of PIXELS

• Pixel stored as a 1 or 0 (1 = black, 0=white)

• Memory requirements increase for coloured graphics

Homework

•HOMEWORK 2

• File Compression – Moving Images

• MPEG (.mpg)

• → Similar to JPEG compression

• → Cuts any unchanged data from the video frames

• → uncompressed when viewed

• AVI (.avi)

»→ Audio and video stored in single file

» → Limits the size of the file to be stored

• File Compression – Audio

• WAV (.wav)

• → compressed

• → still have fairly high storage requirement

• → works on all Windows computers and most browsers

• MP3 (.mp3)

»→ higher degree of compression

» → small storage requirements

• Copyright

• Law

• Many pictures and sound files cannot be used without the owners permission

• Some graphics and audio files are Copyright- free

• Multimedia Software

• Presentation

• Multimedia Authoring

• Desktop Publishing (DTP)

• Presentation Software

• ex. Powerpoint

• Create Multimedia Presentations

• Slides

• Includes: text, graphics, sound

Multimedia Applications • Templates

• Ready made blank documents

• Can be adapted to suit users needs

• Placeholders for text and graphics

Multimedia Applications • Desktop Publishing Software

• ex. Microsoft Publisher, Scribus

• Create cards, newspapers, posters, etc

• Uses text and graphics

• Uses templates

Homework

•HOMEWORK 3

Start of Section 2 Creating a Multimedia Presentation (1)

Multimedia Applications • Computer Operations

• Save Files

• Printing

• Colours

• Text/Graphics Effects

Multimedia Applications • Word Processing

• Enter and edit text using a keyboard

• You can • → Save and reload text

• → Alter size of text

• → Alter the style of text

• → Spell-check you document

• → Align text: left, right, centre

• → Search and Replace

• → Alter page layout

– → Change page orientation: landscape or portrait

Multimedia Applications • Other methods of entering text

• Scanner & Optical Character Recognition software (OCR)

• Microphone and Voice Recognition Software

• Graphics Tablet and Handwriting Recognition Software

Multimedia Applications • Word Processing

• Enter and edit text using a keyboard

• You can • → Save and reload text

• → Alter size of text

• → Alter the style of text

• → Spell-check you document

• → Align text: left, right, centre

• → Search and Replace

• → Alter page layout

– → Change page orientation: landscape or portrait

Multimedia Applications • Creating Still Images

• Still image – picture that does not move

• Bit-mapped (Paint) or Vector Graphics (Draw)

Multimedia Applications • Vector Drawn Graphics

• Layering of objects:

• → Overlapping objects can be placed in front or behind other objects

• Scaling Objects without loss of quality

• →When an object is made bigger or smaller

• Rotating Objects

• → Object turned through a number of degrees

• Colouring of objects:

• → An object can be coloured

• Flipping of objects:

• → Can flip horizontally or vertically

Multimedia Applications • Bit-mapped Drawn Graphics

• Can use all of the Vector Graphic features but can also be CROPPED

• Sometimes known as 'Clipping'

Multimedia Applications • Graphics can be taken from other sources:

• Scanner

• Clip Art

• Internet

• Digital Camera

Homework

•HOMEWORK 4

Start of Section 3 Creating a Multimedia Presentation (2)

Multimedia Applications • PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

• 5 Steps:

• Choose Topic

• Design presentation on paper

• Gather Information

• Put presentation together

• Preview

From here use your pupil workbooks and Theory booklets to complete Section 3

(p.35 → 42)

Multimedia Applications • PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

• Must include the 4 items that make up a presentation:

→ Text

→ Graphics

→ Sound

→ Video

MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS

UNIT 3

Computers and The Internet

Section 1

Computer Hardware

Unit 3: Computers and The Internet

Computer Systems

• Desktop Computers

• Laptop Computers

Desktop Computers

• PC (Personal Computer)

• Collection of different hardware devices

• Permanently on a desk so NOT Portable

Desktop Computers

• Consists of:

System Unit

Monitor

Mouse and Keyboard

Printer

Speakers

Desktop - Monitor

Desktop - Keyboard

Desktop - Mouse

Desktop – System Unit

Use arrow keys to animate

System Unit

• Consists of:

Processor

Memory

Backing Storage Devices

Sound Cards

Graphics Cards

System Unit

• Consists of:

Processor

Memory

Sound Cards

Graphics Cards

Portable Computers

• Laptop – also called ‘Notebook’

• Commonly used in business

• Competition for Desktops?

Laptop Computers

• Consists of:

Processor

Memory

Backing Storage

Trackpad, Touchball, or Trackpoint

Laptop Computers

• Mouse can be attached

• Plug-in workstations

Palmtop Computers

• Can be called PDA’s

• PDA = Personal Digital Assistant

• Download files from PC’s

• Organisers, Contact Lists, E-mail, etc

Palmtop Computers

• Separate software now available

• Input of data

Touchscreens with Stylus

Mini-keyboards

Palmtop Computers

• Limited Amount of Storage

• Limited Amount of Processing Power

Questions

Exercise 1

Components of a Computer

• Data Processing machines

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

• Data is input, processed, and output using the following components:

Input Devices Processor Memory Output Devices Backing Storage Devices

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Contains:

The Processor

Main Memory

The Processor

• ‘Brain’ of the computer

• Hardware

• Works at speed measured in:

Hertz (Hz)

MegaHertz (MHz)

GigaHertz (GHz)

Memory

• Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Read Only Memory (ROM)

Memory

• Random Access Memory (RAM) Temporary storage area for holding: a) Instructions contained in programs b) To hold any data that has been input c) To ‘remember’ any changes it has made to them Data is lost when the power is switched off!

Memory

• Read Only Memory (ROM) Permanent memory Does not lose data when the power is switched

off All computers must have some ROM Tells the computer what to do when it is

switched on March 2009 Nairn Academy Intermediate 1 193

Memory

• Read Only Memory (ROM) Permanent memory Does not lose data when the power is switched off All computers must have some ROM Tells the computer what to do when it is switched on ROM cannot be written to!

Memory

Updated Computer System Diagram

Size of Memory

• Computer represents data using just 2 numbers

• 1 and 0

• These are Binary Digits or bits

Size of Memory

Finding data in Memory

• Memory is made up of millions of storage locations

• Each location has its own unique address

• Address is simply one number

Questions

Exercise 2

Specification Tasks

Embedded computer systems

• Household devices each have computer processors

• Video recorders

• Washing Machines

• Microwave Ovens

• Etc……

Embedded computer systems

• All will need some form of ROM

• ROM stores the processors instructions

• RAM may also be present if the device, like a HDD recorder, is programmable

Network Systems

• A network is 2 or more computer systems connected together

• Commonly consist of:

Server

Clients

Server

• Manages network resources

• File Servers control the programs that run on individual workstations

• File Servers also provide security so that users only get access to their own files when they log on to the networks

Client

• Any computer that can access the network

• Also called WORKSTATIONS

• DUMB TERMINAL – an alternative type of client that relies on the server to work

User names and Passwords

• Allows secure access to files

• Only the person with a password should have access to the information

• Passwords should always be kept private

Advantages of networking

• Sharing data and programs

• Licensing software – discuss

• Sharing peripherals

• Communication

Computer Networking Quiz

Classmarker.com

Intermediate 1 Computing Studies - Computers and The Internet - Networking

Hardware Devices

• 3 categories:

Input Devices

Output Devices

Input Devices

• Keyboard • Mouse • Trackball • Touchpad • Touch (sensitive) screen • Graphics (Digitising)Tablet • Microphone

• Electronic Whiteboard • Scanner • Scanning with OCR software • Web Cam • Digital Camera • Digital Video Camera • Joystick

Input Devices Practical Tasks

Output Devices

• Monitor (TFT/CRT)

• Speakers

• Digital Projector

• Plotter

• Printer (Inkjet/Laser)

Comparing Printers

• Set-up costs

• Running Costs

• Resolution

• Speed

• Noise

Comparing Printers

Output Devices – Questions and Practical

• 3 types:

Magnetic Drives

Optical Drives

Solid State (Flash) Drives

Access Methods

• Random Access (Direct)

• Sequential Access (Serial)

Random Access

• Accessing files straight away

• Do not have to ‘trawl’ through the entire list of stored data

• Examples = Hard Disk, SSD, CD, DVD, Blu-Ray

Sequential Access

• User must run through all data until they find the data that they require

• Example = Magnetic Tape Drive

Comparing Backing Storage Devices

Backing Storage Task

Other Devices

• Motherboard • Graphics Tablet • Sound Card • Modem • Network Interface Card (NIC)

Motherboard

• Links all computer components together

• Made up of electric components

Graphics Card

• Produces the images you see on the screen

• Contain extra Memory

• Need to cope with high quality video output

• Connects to the Motherboard via PCI

interface

Sound Card

• Takes sound input from Microphones

• Sends sound to speakers and headphones

• CD or DVD drives attached to allow sound output

• Modulator/Demodulator

• Converts digital computer data into analogue telephone data

• Data is changed back in to digital signals by the modem at the other end of the line

• Most computers have a built-in modem

• External Modem

Network Interface Card

• NIC – Network Interface Card

• Any computer on a network needs one of

• Allows connection to a LAN (Local Area Network)

• Wireless Network Interface Card (Wireless NIC)

Section 2

Computer Software

Types of Software

• Invisible data that makes the computers work

• 2 types:

→ Program Files – lists of instructions and commands that tell the processor what to do

→ Data Files – Information created by, or needed by programs to work

Program Files

• Systems Software – types include:

• → Operating System

• → Utility Software

• → Virus Checkers

• → Icon Editing Programs

• → Disk clean-up Programs

• Application Software – types include:

• → Word Processors

• → Spreadsheets

• → Desktop Publishing

• → etc.....

Application Packages

• When you buy an application package you get:

• → CD or DVD with the software on it • → Software Licence • → User Guide • → Tutorial Guide • → Installation Guide

Operating Systems Software

• Controls the computer

• Examples: Windows 2000, XP, Vista, etc

• Provides and Interface

Interface

• The way the user interacts with the computer:

• → Takes in user commands • → Provides useful information to the user

• WIMP – Windows Icons Menus Pointer

• GUI – Graphical User Interface

Operating Systems Software

• Manages Backing Storage

• Manages Memory

• Manages Input & Output

Operating Systems Questions

Operating Systems Practical Task

Applications Software

• Word Processing Software (WP) • Desktop Publishing Software (DTP) • Web Authoring Software • Spreadsheet Software (SS) • Database Software (DB) • Communication Software • E-mail client • Web Browser

Graphics Software

• Draw – work by creating shape objects

• Paint – programs change the colour of pixels

• Pixel: small dots that make up a picture

Application Software Task

Program Specifications

• When purchasing a piece of software you need to consider:

• Drives • Backing Storage • Processor Speed • Amount of RAM • Operating System

• The hardware must match all the categories

otherwise the software will not work

Compatibility Exercise

Section 3

Software Development Process

• Sequence of stages used to develop a piece

of software

• Should be followed when attempting any computing task

• Ex. - Developing a website

• 6/7 stages

• Development process for creation of a website:

Website Development Task

Teacher Led (use LTS notes)

P62 – 72

Website Development Task

Pupil Task (see Practical NAB booklet)

Section 4

Connecting to the Internet

• 5 requirements:

1) Service Provider 2) Software 3) Hardware 4) Connection 5) Modem

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Companies which control access to the services of the Internet

• AOL, Yahoo, Tiscali, BT, Sky, etc....

• Provide access to the World Wide Web (WWW)

• E-mail, IM, connection information

Communications Software

• Web Browser e.g. Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox

• E-mail Client e.g. Outlook, Eudora, etc

Hardware

• Communications software will have a minimum specification it needs before it will run

• Example:

Connection and Modems

• 3 different types:

• Dial-up: using a telephone line & standard modem

• ADSL Broadband: Using a digital modem and telephone line

• Broadband: Using Cable

• Satellite: This is another option

Difference between types

Connection and Modems

• 3 different types:

• Dial-up: using a telephone line & standard modem

• ADSL Broadband: Using a digital modem and telephone line

• Broadband: Using Cable

• Satellite: This is another option

Internet Costs

• Hardware Costs:

• → Buying or upgrading a computer

• → Buying a modem (if required)

• → Buying Peripherals (if required)

• Software Costs

• → Upgrading Operating System (if required)

• → Buying browser and e-mail software (if required)

• → Buying anti-virus/firewall software

Internet Costs

• Installation Costs

• → Setting up Internet Access

• → Installing or moving phone sockets

• → Installing Cable or Satellite equipment (if required)

• Training

• → Training staff to use new software#

Internet Costs

• Running Costs

• → ISP Subscription (Pay as you go, Anytime Dial-up, etc)

• → Phone Line

• → Call Charges

• Other Charges

• → Maintenance and repairs of equipment

• → Technical Support Helplines

• → Software Updates

• → Hardware Updates

Security Issues

• User ID's and Passwords

• Virus Checkers and Filters

• Firewalls – provide great levels of protection

• E-commerce

Internet Questions & Practical Task

COMPUTERS & THE INTERNET

Checklist

• The following should now be complete:

• → Personal Learning Plans up to date • → All NAB's for all units • → All practical evidence to be filed • → Coursework Completed • → Prelim Completed