International Symposium 28th at Fachhochschule ErfurtErfurt German, 30-31 January 2007

Appropriate Building Construction and

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Appropriate Building Construction and Reduction of Tsunami Impact for Pancer, East Java

Rizal Kurniady email : ijal in207@yahoo comRizal Kurniady, email : ijal_in207@yahoo.comWilliam , email : williamstitb@yahoo.com

Supervised by Dr Ir Herlien D SetioDr. Ir. Herlien D. Setio

Dr. Ir. Iswandi Imran, M.Sc, Ph.D

Civil Engineering DepartmentFaculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental

Institut Teknologi BandungInstitut Teknologi Bandung

INTRODUCTION TO PANCER• Fishermen village

• Population ± 4000 people

• Marginal Economyg y

• Main Activity :

– Fishery

l i– Plantation

Problem StatementProblem Statement• Prone to Earthquake and Tsunami Hazards

I i ifi t t l t ti t d• Insignificant coastal protection to reduce

Tsunami impact

• Existing constructions (houses and buildings)

are unable to withstand earthquake forces

TSUNAMI HAZARD Structural Problems( Earthquake Hazard)Max run up :

• Latief (2000) = 5 m( q )

• Latief (2000) = 5 m• Tsuji, et.al (1995) = 9,4 m

Max Inundation • 500 m (Latief, 2000)

Green Belt Design with Shuto (1987)

Graphic 1: Green Belt Width

Graphic 2: Green Belt Density

Green Belt Design with Shuto (1987)

Graphic 3 : Diameter of Green Belt Tree Green

Existing Green Belt Layout Vs Min. Green Belt Layout

width 0-20 m, b-2 zone

width 20-40 m, 0-20 m (c zone)

width 40-60 m, 20-40 m (c zone)

width 60-80 m, 40-0 m (c zone)

Settlement Public Facilitiies

Early Warning & Evacuation System for TsunamiEarly Warning System• EWS starting time subside of water level on shore

• Existing EWS: Guard Post on coast (Manual EWS)

• Suggestion for future development: Automatic EWSSuggestion for future development: Automatic EWS

Evacuation SystemEvacuation System• Evacuation lines: Fastest and Easiest route to

highlands• Design input: Topographic map, Field SurveyDesign input: Topographic map, Field Survey• Design output: Hapsak Sammy

Concept of Appropriate Construction(FEMA 232)• Ductility• Ductility

• Strength and Stiffnessg• Load Path• Considerations:• Considerations:

– Financial CapacityC lt l B h i– Cultural Behavior

Soil Testing Results

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3

22

4

Problem Statement and Alternative for Solution

bl• Main problem : EarthquakeId l S l ti• Ideal Solution (FEMA 232):– Simple rectangular shapeSimple rectangular shape– Bracing walls distributed

uniformly and symmetrically through the housethrough the house

– No large concentrations of weightWell Integrated Structure– Well Integrated Structure

– Ductile System

Alternative for Construction Material: Bamboo

Characteristics With Node Without nodeCharacteristics With Node Without node

Compressioncapacity

45 MPa 32 MPa

Tension capacity 180 MPa 220 MPa

Shear modulus 18 MPa 16 MPa

Modulus of Elasticity 7000 MPa -

Modulus of rupture 9.8 MPa -

Example of Structural Model

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Concept

Capacity + Integrity = ContinuityCapacity + Integrity Continuity

• Capacity ~ Bamboo size, shape, quality• Integrity ~ Joint configuration and capacity

Example of Design for Load PathExample of Design for Load Path

Example of Appropriate Connection

Affordability

Rough Cost Estimation Bamboo House spend• ~15 million IDR w/ Worker Commission15 million IDR w/ Worker Commission• ~12 Million IDR w/o Worker Commission• 12 Million IDR w/ Free Bamboo m &• ~12 Million IDR w/ Free Bamboo.m &

Worker Commission• ~8 Million IDR w/ Free Bamboo.m & w/o

Worker Commission

Conclusion

• Green Belt = Effective, yet damage may still occur to both GB and Land

• Bamboo = OK, but its tendency to split should be handled with care s ou d be a d ed t ca e

• Load Path should be the main focus of all structuresstructures

• Continuity = Capacity + Integrity

Acknowledgements• Prof. Bambang Budiono Ph.D• Dr. Ir. Wayan y• Dr. Ir. Bigman M. Hutapea• Dr -Ing Widjaja Martokusumo• Dr. -Ing. Widjaja Martokusumo• Andry Widyo Wijatnoko