Introduction to Aspen Plus Based on Aspen Plus® 10.ppt

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8/17/2019 Introduction to Aspen Plus Based on Aspen Plus® 10.ppt

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May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1Introdction to Aspen !ls

Aspen Technology, Inc.

#ased on Aspen !ls® 10

May 199$

Potential

Reach Your

Introdction to Aspen !ls®

%orse Agenda & 'ay 1

1. Introdction & (eneral "i)lation %oncepts

2. The *ser Inter+ace & (raphical lo-sheet 'e+inition

. #asic Inpt & (etting Arond the (raphical *serInter+ace

/. *nit peration Models & vervie- o+ Availale *nitperations

. 3adrac & Mltistage "eparation Model

6. 3eactor Models & vervie- o+ Availale 3eactor Types

7. %yclohe4ane !rodction 5orshop

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide Introdction to Aspen !ls

%orse Agenda & 'ay 2

$. !hysical !roperties & vervie- o+ Ther)odyna)ic

Models, #asic !roperty Analysis and 3eporting

9. Accessing ariales & Maing 3e+erences to lo-sheetariales

10. "ensitivity Analysis & "tdying 3elationships #et-een!rocess ariales

11. 'esign "peci+ications & Meeting !rocess 8ectives

12. ortran #locs & *se o+ In&ine ortran

1. 5indo-s Interoperaility & Trans+erring 'ata to and +ro)ther 5indo-s !rogra)s

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide /Introdction to Aspen !ls

%orse Agenda & 'ay

1/. :eater and :eat; & :eaters and :eat <4changers

1. !ressre %hangers & !)ps, %o)pressors, !ipes andalves

16. lo-sheet %onvergence & %onvergence #locs, Tear

"trea)s and lo-sheet "e=ences17. ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshop & "i)late a

Methanol !lant

Potential

Reach Your

Introdction to Aspen !ls

Introdction

Objective:

Introdce general +lo-sheet si)lation concepts and

Aspen !ls +eatres

Introdction

> 5hat is +lo-sheet si)lation?

*se o+ a co)pter progra) to =antitatively )odel thecharacteristic e=ations o+ a che)ical process

> *ses nderlying physical relationships

Mass and energy alance

<=iliri) relationships

3ate correlations @reaction and )assheat trans+erB

> !redicts "trea) +lo-rates, co)positions, and properties

perating conditions

<=ip)ent siCes

Advantages o+ "i)lation

> 3edces plant design ti)e

Allo-s designer to =icly test varios plantcon+igrations

> :elps i)prove crrent process

Ans-ers D-hat i+E =estions 'eter)ines opti)al process conditions -ithin given

constraints

Assists in locating the constraining parts o+ a process

@deottlenecingB

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide $Introdction to Aspen !ls

(eneral "i)lation !role)5hat is the co)position o+ strea) !3'*%T?

> To solve this prole), -e needF

Material alances

<nergy alances

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

Approaches to lo-sheet "i)lation

> "e=ential Modlar

Aspen !ls is a se=ential )odlar si)lation progra). <ach nit operation loc is solved in a certainse=ence.

> <=ation riented

Aspen %sto) Modeler @+or)erly "!<<'*!B is ane=ation oriented si)lation progra).

All e=ations are solved si)ltaneosly.

> %o)ination Aspen 'yna)ics @+or)erly 'yna!*"B ses the Aspen

!ls se=ential )odlar approach to initialiCe the steadystate si)lation and the Aspen %sto) Modeler@+or)erly "!<<'*!B e=ation oriented approach tosolve the dyna)ic si)lation.

(ood lo-sheeting !ractice

> #ild large +lo-sheets a +e- locs at a ti)e.

This +acilitates troleshooting i+ errors occr.

> <nsre +lo-sheet inpts are reasonale.

>%hec that reslts are consistent and realistic.

I)portant eatres o+ Aspen !ls

> 3igoros <lectrolyte "i)lation

> "olids :andling

> !etrole) :andling

> 'ata 3egression

> 'ata it

> pti)iCation

> *ser 3otines

Potential

Reach Your

12Introdction to Aspen !ls

The *ser Inter+ace

Objective:

#eco)e co)+ortale and +a)iliar -ith the Aspen !ls

graphical ser inter+ace

Aspen Plus References:

> User Guide, %hapter 1, The *ser Inter+ace

> User Guide, %hapter 2, %reating a "i)lation Model

> User Guide, %hapter /, 'e+ining the lo-sheet

The *ser Inter+ace

Reference: Aspen Plus User Guide, %hapter 1, The *ser Inter+ace

Tool #ar

Title #ar

Men #ar

"elect Modetton Model

Model MenTas !rocess

lo-sheet5indo-

He4t #tton

"tats Area

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1/Introdction to Aspen !ls

The *ser Inter+ace (Continued)

> *sing the )ose

e+t tton clic & "elect o8ect+ield

3ight tton clic & #ring p )en +or selectedo8ect+ield, or inletotlet

'ole le+t clic & pen 'ata #ro-ser o8ect

Reference: Aspen Plus User Guide, %hapter 1, The *ser Inter+ace

(raphic lo-sheet perations

> To place a loc on the +lo-sheetF

1. %lic on a )odel category ta in the Model irary.2. "elect a nit operation )odel. %lic the drop&do-n arro-

to select an icon +or the )odel.

. %lic on the )odel and drag it to the +lo-sheet -here

yo -ant to place the loc, then release the )osetton.

(raphic lo-sheet perations (Continued)

> To place a strea) on the +lo-sheetF

1. %lic on the "T3<AM" icon in the Model irary.2. I+ yo -ant to select a di++erent strea) type @Material,

:eat or 5orB, clic the do-n arro- ne4t to the icon andchoose a di++erent type.

. %lic a highlighted port to )ae the connection./. 3epeat step to connect the other end o+ the strea).

. To place one end o+ the strea) as either a process+lo-sheet +eed or prodct, clic a lan part o+ the

!rocess lo-sheet -indo-.6. %lic the right )ose tton to stop creating strea)s.

(raphic lo-sheet perations (Continued)

> To display an Inpt +or) +or a #loc or a "trea) in the 'ata

#ro-serF1. 'ole clic the le+t )ose tton on the o8ect o+ interest.

> To 3ena)e, 'elete, %hange the icon, provide inpt or vie-reslts +or a loc or strea)F

1. "elect o8ect @#loc or "trea)B y clicing on it -ith thele+t )ose tton.

2. %lic the right )ose tton -hile the pointer is over theselected o8ect icon to ring p the )en +or that o8ect.

. %hoose appropriate )en ite).

Reference: Aspen Plus User Guide, %hapter /, 'e+ining the lo-sheet

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1$Introdction to Aspen !ls

%)ene lo-sheet 'e+inition

RStoicModel

Heater Model

Flash2

Filename: CUMENE.BKP

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

#enCene lo-sheet 'e+inition 5orshopObecti!e: Create a "ra#hical $lo%sheet

%hoose the appropriate icons +or the locs. 3ena)e the locs and strea)s.

&hen $inished' sa!e in bac()#$ormat *R)n+,-.BKP.$ilename: BEN/ENE.BKP

Heater

Flash2

Potential

Reach Your

#asic Inpt

Objective:

Introdce the asic inpt re=ired to rn an Aspen !ls

si)lation

> User Guide, %hapter , *sing :elp

> User Guide, %hapter , (loal In+or)ation +or %alclations> User Guide, %hapter 6, "peci+ying %o)ponents

> User Guide, %hapter 7, !hysical !roperty Methods

> User Guide, %hapter 9, "peci+ying "trea)s

> User Guide, %hapter 10, *nit peration Models

> User Guide, %hapter 11, 3nning Gor "i)lation

The *ser Inter+ace

> !lldo-n Mens

*sed to speci+y progra) options and co))ands

> Toolar

Allo-s direct access to certain poplar +nctions

%an e )oved, hidden, or revealed

> 'ata #ro-ser

*sed to navigate the +or)s

%an e )oved, resiCed, )ini)iCed, )a4i)iCed or closed

> or)s

*sed to enter data and vie- reslts +or the si)lation

%an e co)prised o+ a n)er o+ sheets

The *ser Inter+ace (Continued)

> 8ect Manager

Allo-s )aniplation o+ discrete o8ects o+ in+or)ation 8ects can e created, edited, rena)ed, deleted,hidden, and revealed @%opy and paste o+ o8ects -ille possile in ersion 10.1B

> He4t

%hecs i+ the crrent +or) is co)plete and sips tone4t +or) -hich re=ires inpt

The 'ata #ro-ser

Men tree

!revios sheet

He4t sheet

"tats area

!arent tton *nits

(o ac (o +or-ard

%o))ents

'escription area

> :elp Topics

%ontents & *sed to ro-se throgh the doc)entation.The *ser (ides and 3e+erence Manals are allinclded in the help.

> All o+ the in+or)ation in the *ser (ides is +ond nder the*sing Aspen !ls oo.

Inde4 & *sed to search +or help on a topic sing theinde4 entries

ind & *sed to search +or a help on a topic that incldesany -ord or -ords

> D5hatJs This?E :elp

"elect D5hatJs This?E +ro) the :elp )en and then clicon any area to get help +or that ite).

nctionality o+ or)s

> 5hen yo select a +ield on a +or) @clic le+t )ose tton

in the +ieldB, the pro)pt area at the otto) o+ the -indo-gives yo in+or)ation aot that +ield.

> %lic the drop&do-n arro- in a +ield to ring p a list o+possile inpt vales +or that +ield.

Typing a letter -ill ring p the ne4t selection on thelist that egins -ith that letter.

> The Ta ey -ill tae yo to the ne4t +ield on a +or).

#asic Inpt

> The )ini)) re=ired inpts @in addition to the

graphical +lo-sheetB to rn a si)lation areF "etp

%o)ponents

!roperties

"trea)s

> These inpts are all +ond in +olders -ithin the 'ata

#ro-ser.

> These inpt +olders can e located =icly sing the'ata )en or the 'ata #ro-ser ttons on the toolar.

"tats Indicators

S0mbol Stat)sInpt +or the +or) is inco)plete

Inpt +or the +or) is co)plete

Ho inpt +or the +or) has 1een entered. It is optional.

3eslts +or the +or) e4ist.

3eslts +or the +or) e4ist, 1t there -ere calclationerrors.

3eslts +or the +or) e4ist, 1t there -ere calclation-arnings.

3eslts +or the +or) e4ist, 1t inpt has changed since

the reslts -ere generated.

Most o+ the co))only sed "etp in+or)ation is entered on

the Setup Specifications Global sheetF

> lo-sheet title to e sed on reports

> 3n type

> Inpt and otpt nits

> alid phases @e.g. vapor&li=id or vapor&li=id&li=idB

> A)ient pressre

"trea) report options are located on the Setup Report

Options Stream sheet.

"etp "peci+ications or)

"etp 3n Types

"etp *nits

> *nits in Aspen !ls can e de+ined at di++erent levelsF

1. (loal evel @DInpt 'ataE K Dtpt 3esltsE +ields onthe Setup Specifications Global sheetB2. 8ect level @D*nitsE +ield in the top o+ any inpt +or)

o+ an o8ect sch as a loc or strea). ield evel

> *sers can create their o-n nits sets sing the Setup Units Sets 8ect Manager. *nits can e copied +ro) ane4isting set and then )odi+ied.

%o)ponents

> *se the Components Specifications +or) to speci+y all the

co)ponents re=ired +or the si)lation.> I+ availale, physical property para)eters +or each

co)ponent are retrieved +ro) dataans.

> !re co)ponent dataans contain para)eters sch as

)oleclar -eight, critical properties, etc. The dataansearch order is speci+ied on the 'ataans sheet.

> The ind tton can e sed to search +or co)ponents yco)ponent na)e, +or)la, co)ponent class, )oleclar

-eight, oiling point, or %A" n)er.

> The <lectrolyte 5iCard can e sed to set p anelectrolyte si)lation.

%o)ponents "peci+ications or)

<ntering %o)ponents

> The %o)ponent I' is sed to identi+y the co)ponent in

si)lation inpts and reslts.

> <ach %o)ponent I' can e associated -ith a dataanco)ponent as eitherF

or)laF %he)ical +or)la o+ co)ponent e.g., %6:6@Hote that a s++i4 is added to +or)las -hen there areiso)ers. <.g. %2:6&2B

%o)ponent Ha)eF ll na)e o+ co)ponent e.g., #<HL<H<

> 'ataan co)ponents can e searched +or sing the indtton.

"earch sing co)ponent na)e, +or)la, co)ponent class,)oleclar -eight, oiling point, or %A" n)er.

All co)ponents containing speci+ied ite)s -ill e listed.

!re %o)ponent 'ataans

!ara)eters )issing +ro) the +irst selected dataan -ill e searched +orin sse=ent selected dataans.

!roperties

> *se the Properties Specifications +or) to speci+y the

physical property )ethods to e sed in the si)lation.

> !roperty )ethods are a collection o+ )odels and )ethodssed to descrie pre co)ponent and )i4tre ehavior.

> %hoosing the right physical properties is critical +orotaining reliale si)lation reslts.

> "electing a !rocess Type -ill narro- the n)er o+)ethods availale.

!roperties "peci+ications or)

"trea)s

> *se Stream Input +or)s to speci+y the +eed strea)

conditions and co)position.

> To speci+y strea) conditions enter t-o o+ the +ollo-ingF

Te)peratre

!ressre

apor raction

> To speci+y strea) co)position enter eitherF

Total strea) +lo- and co)ponent +ractions

Individal co)ponent +lo-s

> "peci+ications +or strea)s that are not +eeds to the+lo-sheet are sed as esti)ates.

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide /0Introdction to Aspen !ls

"trea)s Inpt or)

> <ach Block Input or Block Setup +or) speci+ies

operating conditions and e=ip)ent speci+ications +orthe nit operation )odel.

> "o)e nit operation )odels re=ire additionalspeci+ication +or)s

> All nit operation )odels have optional in+or)ation+or)s @e.g. BlockOptions +or)B.

#loc or)

"tarting the 3n

> "elect Control Panel +ro) the ie! )en or press the He4t

tton to e pro)pted. The si)lation can e e4ected -hen all re=ired +or)s

are co)plete.

The He4t tton -ill tae yo to any inco)plete +or)s.

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide //Introdction to Aspen !ls

%ontrol !anel

The %ontrol !anel consists o+F

A )essage -indo- sho-ing the progress o+ thesi)lation y displaying the )ost recent )essages+ro) the calclations

A stats area sho-ing the hierarchy and order o+

si)lation locs and convergence loops e4ected A toolar -hich yo can se to control the si)lation

3evie-ing 3eslts

> :istory +ile or %ontrol !anel Messages

%ontains any generated errors or -arnings "elect "istor# or Control Panel on the ie! )en to

display the :istory +ile or the %ontrol !anel

> "trea) 3eslts

%ontains strea) conditions and co)positions> or all strea)s ($%ata$Results Summar#$Streams)

> or individal strea)s @ring p the strea) +older in the'ata #ro-ser and select the Results +or)B

> #loc 3eslts %ontains calclated loc operating conditions ( ringp the loc +older in the 'ata #ro-ser and select theResults +or) )

% ! d ti % diti

%)ene !rodction %onditions

1 3 Bt)4hr

Pdro# 3 #si

C5H5 6 C7H5 C8H92Benene Pro#0lene C)mene *,so#ro#0lbenene

83; Con!ersion o$ Pro#0lene

< 973 F

Pdro# 3.9 #si

P 9 atm

1 3 Bt)4hr

Benene: =3 lbmol4hr

Pro#0lene: =3 lbmol4hr

< 223 F

P 75 #si

Use the RK+SO>?E Pro#ert0 Method

Filename: CUMENE.BKP

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

# l h t % diti 5 h

#enCene lo-sheet %onditions 5orshop

Obecti!e: >dd the #rocess and $eed stream conditions to a$lo%sheet.

"tarting -ith the +lo-sheet created in the #enCene lo-sheet

'e+inition 5orshop @saved as #<HL<H<.#!B, add the process

and +eed strea) conditions as sho-n on the ne4t page.

estionsF 1. 5hat is the heat dty o+ the loc D%E? NNNNNNNNN

2. 5hat is the te)peratre in the second +lash loc D2E? NNNNNNNNN

HoteF Ans-ers +or all o+ the -orshops are located in the veryac o+ the corse notes in Appendi4 %.

# l h t % diti 5 h

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide /$Introdction to Aspen !ls

#enCene lo-sheet %onditions 5orshop

< 9333 FP @@3 #si

H0dro"en: =3@ lbmol4hr

Methane: 8@ lbmol4hr

Benene: 8@ lbmol4hr

<ol)ene: @ lbmol4hr

< 233 F

Pdro# 3

< 933 F

P @33 #si

P 9 atm

Use the PENA+ROB Pro#ert0 Method &hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: BEN/ENE.BKP

Reach Your

PotentialTre

/9Introdction to Aspen !ls

*nit peration ModelsObjective:

3evie- )a8or types o+ nit operation )odels

> Reference &anual' ol)e 1, Unit Operation &odels

* it ti M d l T

*nit peration Model Types

> Mi4ers"plitters

> "eparators> :eat <4changers

> %ol)ns

> 3eactors

> !ressre %hangers

> Maniplators

> "olids

> *ser Models

Reference: The se o+ speci+ic )odels is est descried y on&linehelp and the doc)entation.

> Aspen !ls Reference &anual , ol)e 1, Unit Operation &odels

Mi " litt

Mi4ers"plitters

"eparators

: t < h

:eat <4changers

O 3e=ires separate license

% l "h t t

%ol)ns & "hortct

% l 3i

%ol)ns & 3igoros

O 3e=ires separate license

P Inpt langage only in ersion 10.0

3eactors

!ressre %hangers

Maniplators

"olids

Reach Your

PotentialTre

3adracObjective:

'iscss the )ini)) inpt re=ired +or the 3adrac

+ractionation )odel, and the se o+ design speci+icationsand stage e++iciencies

> Reference &anual' ol)e 1, Unit Operation &odels' %hapter /

3adracF 3i M lti t " ti

3adracF 3igoros Mltistage "eparation

> T-o or three phase si)lation o+F

rdinary distillation

Asorption, reoiled asorption

"tripping, reoiled stripping

ACeotropic distillation

3eactive distillation

> %on+igration optionsF

Any n)er o+ +eeds

Any n)er o+ side dra-s

Total li=id dra- o++ and p)paronds Any n)er o+ heaters

Any n)er o+ decanters

3adrac lo-sheet %onnectivity

?a#or distillate *-?

<o#+Sta"e or 9Condenser Heat -)t0 Heat *o#tional

*19 i)id distillate *-

&ater distillate *-& *o#t

--6-? -?:--?4-Material

Re$l)D RR94- R&&4-&*an0 n)mber

9 6 & Prod)cts *an0 n)mberHeat

P)m#aro)nd

-ecantersHeat

Prod)ctHeat

Ret)rn*an0 n)mberBoil+)#

Bottom Sta"e or Nsta"eReboiler Heat -)t0 Heat *o#tional

Bottoms *B BR?N4B

Radrac Setup Confiuration

> "peci+yF

H)er o+ stages

%ondenser and reoiler con+igration T-o col)n operating speci+ications

alid phases

%onvergence

Radrac Setup Confiuration

Radrac Setup Streams

> "peci+yF

eed stage location

eed strea) convention @see :elpB

>BO?E+S<>AE:apor +ro) +eed goes to stage aove +eed stagei=id goes to +eed stage

ON+S<>AE:apor K i=id +ro) +eed go to speci+ied +eed stage

Radrac Setup Pressure

> "peci+y one o+F

%ol)n pressre pro+ile

Top#otto) pressre

"ection pressre drop

Methanol&5ater 3adrac %ol)n

Kettle Reboiler

< 5@ C

P 9 bar

&ater: 933 lbmol4hr

Methanol: 933 lbmol4hr

8 Sta"es

Re$l)D Ratio 9-istillate to $eed ratio 3.@

Col)mn #ress)re 9 bar

Feed sta"e 5

RadFrac s#eci$ications

Filename: R>-+E.BKP

Methanol&5ater 3adrac %ol)n

Use the NR<+RK Pro#ert0 Method

%*MH<<'

<otal Condenser

3adrac ptions

> To set p an asorer -ith no condenser or reoiler, setcondenser and reoiler to none on the Radrac Setup

Confiuration sheet*

> <ither aporiCation or Mrphree e++iciencies on either astage or co)ponent asis can e speci+ied on the

Radrac +fficiencies +or).

> Tray and paced col)n design and rating is possile.

> A "econd li=id phase )ay e )odeled i+ the ser selects

apor&li=id&li=id as alid phases.

> 3eoiler and condenser heat crves can e generated.

!lot 5iCard

> *se !lot 5iCard @on the !lot )enB to =icly generate

plots o+ reslts o+ a si)lation. Go can se !lot 5iCard +ordisplaying reslts +or the +ollo-ing operationsF

!hysical property analysis

'ata regression analysis

!ro+iles +or all separation )odels 3adrac, Mltirac, !etrorac and

3aterac

> %lic the o8ect o+ interest in the 'ata #ro-ser to generateplots +or that particlar o8ect.

> The -iCard gides yo in the asic operations +or

generating a plot.

> %lic on the He4t tton to contine. %lic on the inishtton to generate a plot -ith de+alt settings.

#loc 3A',3A% @3ad,racB !ro+iles %o)positions

1 2 . / 6 7 $ 9

G @)ole +racB M<T:AH0G @)ole +racB 5AT<3

!lot 5iCard 'e)onstration

> *se the plot -iCard on the col)n to create a plot o+

the vapor phase co)positions throghot the col)n.Block COLUMN: Vapor Composition Profiles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

( m o l e f r a c )

0 . 7 5

15AT<3

M<T:AH

3adrac 'esign"pecs and ary

> 'esign speci+ications can e speci+ied and e4ected insidethe 3adrac loc sing the %esinSpecs and ar# +or)s.

> ne or )ore 3adrac inpts can e )aniplated toachieve speci+ications on one or )ore 3adracper+or)ance para)eters.

> The n)er o+ specs shold, in general, e e=al to then)er o+ varies.

> The 'esign"pecs and arys in a 3adrac are solved in a

DMiddle loop.E I+ yo get an error )essage saying that the)iddle loop -as not converged, chec the 'esign"pecsand arys yo have entered.

3adrac %onvergence !role)s

I+ a 3adrac col)n +ails to converge, doing one or )ore o+the +ollo-ing cold helpF

1. %hec that physical property isses @choice o+!roperty Method, para)eter availaility, etc.B areproperly addressed.

2. <nsre that col)n operating conditions are +easile.

. I+ the col)n errtol is decreasing +airly consistently,

increase the )a4i)) iterations on the Radrac

Con,erence Basic sheet.

3adrac %onvergence !role)s (Continued)

/. !rovide te)peratre esti)ates +or so)e stages inthe col)n sing the Radrac +stimates-emperature sheet @se+l +or asorersB.

. !rovide co)position esti)ates +or so)e stages inthe col)n sing the Radrac +stimates .i/uid

Composition and apor Composition sheet @se+l+or highly non&ideal syste)sB.

6. <4peri)ent -ith di++erent convergence )ethods onthe Radrac Setup Confiuration sheet.

QQ 5hen a col)n does not converge, it is sallyene+icial to 3einitialiCe a+ter )aing changes.

3adrac 5orshop

3adrac 5orshopPart A:

> !er+or) a rating calclation o+ a Methanol to-er sing the +ollo-ingdataFeed to col)nF 6.2 -tR 5ater6.$ -tR Methanol

Total +lo- o+ 120,000 lhr !ressre 1$ psia, satrated li=id

%ol)n speci+icationF $ trays @/0 stagesBeed tray S 2 @stage 2/BTotal condenser Top stage pressre S 16.1 psia!ressre drop per stage S 0.1 psi'istillate +lo-rate S 12/ l)olhr Molar re+l4 ratio S 1.

*se H3T&3 !roperty Method

3adrac 5orshop (Continued)

Part B:

> "et p design speci+ications -ithin the col)n so the +ollo-ing t-oo8ectives are )etF

99.9 -tR )ethanol in the distillate

99.90 -tR -ater in the otto)s

> To achieve these speci+ications, yo can vary the distillate rate @$00&1700 l)olhrB and the re+l4 ratio @0.$&2B. Mae sre strea)co)positions are reported as )ass +ractions e+ore rnning theprole). Hote the condenser and reoiler dtiesF

%ondenser 'ty FNNNNNNNNN

3eoiler 'ty FNNNNNNNNN

Part C:

> !er+or) the sa)e design calclation a+ter speci+ying a 6R Mrphreee++iciency +or each tray. Ass)e the condenser and reoiler havestage e++iciencies o+ 90R.

> :o- do these e++iciencies a++ect the condenser and reoiler dties o+the col)n?

Part %:

> !er+or) a tray siCing calclation +or the entire col)n, given that#le %ap trays are sed.

@5hen +inished, save as +ilena)eF 3A'3A%.#!B

Reach Your

Potential

3eactor ModelsObjective:

Introdce the varios classes o+ reactor )odels

availale, and e4a)ine in so)e detail at least onereactor +ro) each class

Aspen Plus ReferencesF

> Reference &anual , ol)e 1, Unit Operation &odels, %hapter 7

3eactor vervie-

Reactors

Balance BasedRieldRStoic

E)ilibri)m BasedRE)ilRAibbs

Kinetics BasedRCS<RRPl)"

RBatch

#alanced #ased 3eactors

> 3Gield

3e=ires a )ass alance only, not an ato) alance Is sed to si)late reactors in -hich inlets to thereactor are not co)pletely no-n t otlets are@e.g. to si)late a +rnaceB

G3 lb4hr H2O

23 lb4hr CO2

53 lb4hr CO2@3 lb4hr tar 533 lb4hr char

9333 lb4hr Coal

#alanced #ased 3eactors (Continued)

> 3"toic

3e=ires oth an ato) and a )ass alance *sed in sitations -here oth the e=iliri) data and

the inetics are either nno-n or ni)portant

%an speci+y or calclate heat o+ reaction at a re+erence

te)peratre and pressre

2 CO 6 O2 ++ 2 CO2C 6 O2 ++ CO22 C 6 O2 ++ 2 CO

RStoic

C' O2' CO' CO2

<=iliri) #ased 3eactors

= ased eac o s

> (<H<3A

'o not tae reaction inetics into accont "olve si)ilar prole)s, t prole) speci+ications aredi++erent

Individal reactions can e at a restricted e=iliri)

> 3<=il %o)ptes co)ined che)ical and phase e=iliri)

y solving reaction e=iliri) e=ations

%annot do a &phase +lash

*se+l -hen there are )any co)ponents, a +e- no-nreactions, and -hen relatively +e- co)ponents taepart in the reactions

<=iliri) #ased 3eactors (Continued)

> 3(is

Un(no%n ReactionsThis +eatre is =ite se+l -hen reactions occrring

are not no-n or are high in n)er de to )any

co)ponents participating in the reactions.

Aibbs Ener"0 Minimiation A (is +ree energy )ini)iCation is done to deter)ine

the prodct co)position at -hich the (is +ree energy

o+ the prodcts is at a )ini))

Solid E)ilibri)m

3(is is the only Aspen !ls loc that -ill deal -ith

solid&li=id&gas phase e=iliri).

inetic 3eactors

> inetic reactors are 3%"T3, 3!lg and 3#atch.

> 3eaction inetics are taen into accont, and hence )ste speci+ied.

> inetics can e speci+ied sing one o+ the ilt&in )odels,or -ith a ser srotine. The crrent ilt&in )odels are

!o-er a- ang)ir&:inshel-ood&:ogen&5atson @::5B

> A catalyst +or a reaction can have a reaction coe++icient o+Cero.

> 3eactions are speci+ied sing a 3eaction I'.

*sing a 3eaction I'

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide $/Introdction to Aspen !ls

> 3eaction I's are setp as o8ects, separate +ro) thereactor, and then re+erenced -ithin the reactor@sB.

> A single 3eaction I' can e re+erenced in any n)er o+inetic reactors @3%"T3, 3!lg and 3#atch.B

> To set p a 3eaction I', go to the Reactions Reactions8ect Manager

!o-er&la- 3ate <4pression

= − −

( expPre exponential Factor) TActivation Energyn

rate k concentrationi

= ∏* [ ]exponenti

<4a)pleF 2 3 2

A B C Dk

For%ard reaction: @Ass)ing the reaction is 2nd order in A and rdorder in #B

coe++icientsF AF #F %F 'F

e4ponentsF AF #F %F 'F

&2 & 1 2

Re!erse reaction: @Ass)ing the reaction is 1st order in % and 2ndorder in 'B

coe++icientsF %F 'F AF #Fe4ponentsF %F 'F AF #F

&1 &2 2 1 2 0 0

:eats o+ 3eaction

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide $6Introdction to Aspen !ls

> :eats o+ reaction need not e provided +or reactions.

> :eats o+ reaction are typically calclated as the di++erenceet-een inlet and otlet enthalpies +or the reactor @see

Appendi4 AB.

> I+ yo have a heat o+ reaction vale that does not )atchthe vale calclated y Aspen !ls, yo can ad8st theheats o+ +or)ation @':3MB o+ one or )oreco)ponents to )ae the heats o+ reaction )atch.

> :eats o+ reaction can also e calclated or speci+ied at are+erence te)peratre and pressre in an 3"toic reactor.

3eactor 5orshop

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide $7Introdction to Aspen !ls

pObecti!e: Com#are the )se o$ di$$erent reactor t0#es tomodel one reaction.

3eactor %onditionsFTe)peratre S 70 %!ressre S 1 at)

"toichio)etryF<thanol P Acetic Acid &&Q <thyl Acetate P 5ater

inetic !ara)etersFor-ard 3eactionF !re&e4p. actor S 1.9 4 10$, Act. <nergy S .9 4 107 U)ol3everse 3eactionF !re&e4p. actor S .0 4 107, Act. <nergy S .9 4 107 U)o

3eactions are +irst order -ith respect to each o+ the reactants in the reaction @secondorder overallB.

3eactions occr in the li=id phase.

:intF %hec that each reactor is considering oth apor and i=id as alid phases.

3eactor 5orshop (Continued)

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide $$Introdction to Aspen !ls

<em# G3 C

Pres 9 atm

&ater: I.I82 (mol4hr Ethanol: 9I5.@8 (mol4hr >cetic >cid: 982.5 (mol4hr

en"th 2 meters

-iameter 3.7 meters

?ol)me 3.9= C). M.

G3 ; con!ersion o$ ethanol

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: RE>C<ORS.BKP

Use the NR<+RK #ro#ert0 method

3"TI%&"TI%

!&"TI%

3(I##"

&(I##" !&(I##"

&!*( !&!*(

!&%"T3

P t ti l

Reach Your

Potential

%yclohe4ane !rodction 5orshop

Obecti!e: Create a $lo%sheet to model a c0cloheDane#rod)ction #rocess

%yclohe4ane can e prodced y the hydrogenation o+ enCene in the+ollo-ing reactionF

%6:6 P :2 S %6:12

#enCene :ydrogen %yclohe4ane

The enCene and hydrogen +eeds are co)ined -ith recycle hydrogenand cyclohe4ane e+ore entering a +i4ed ed catalytic reactor. Ass)e aenCene conversion o+ 99.$R.

The reactor e++lent is cooled and the light gases separated +ro) theprodct strea). !art o+ the light gas strea) is +ed ac to the reactor asrecycle hydrogen.

The li=id prodct strea) +ro) the separator is +ed to a distillationcol)n to +rther re)ove any dissolved light gases and to stailiCe theend prodct. A portion o+ the cyclohe4ane prodct is recycled to thereactor to aid in te)peratre control.

%yclohe4ane !rodction 5orshop

C5H5 6 7 H2 C5H92

Benene H0dro"en C0cloheDane

Use the RK+SO>?E #ro#ert0 method&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: CCOHE.BKP

Bottoms rate 88 (mol4hr

P 2@ bar

< @3 C

Mole$rac H2 3.8G@N2 3.33@CH= 3.32

<otal $lo% 773 (mol4hr

< =3 C

P 9 bar

Benene $lo% 933 (mol4hr

< 9@3C

P 27 bar < 233 CPdro# 9 bar

Benene con! 3.88I

< @3 C

Pdro# 3.@ bar

82; $lo% to stream H2RC

73; $lo% to stream CHRC

S#eci$0 c0cloheDane molereco!er0 o$ 3.8888 b0 !ar0in"Mole+B $rom 8G to 939 (mol4hr

Sta"es 92Re$l)D ratio 9.2

Partial Condenser %ith!a#or distillate onl0

P 9@ bar Feed sta"e I

3<A%T<<'&MI;:2IH

:!&"<!

!3'*%T

Potential

Reach Your

Potential

!hysical !ropertiesObjectives:

Introdce the ideas o+ property )ethods and physicalproperty para)eters

Identi+y isses involved in the choice o+ a property )ethod

%over the se o+ !roperty Analysis +or reporting physicalproperties

> User Guide' %hapter 7, !hysical !roperty Methods

> User Guide' %hapter $, !hysical !roperty !ara)eters and 'ata

> User Guide' %hapter 29, AnalyCing !roperties

%ase "tdy & Acetone 3ecovery

> %orrect choice o+ physical property )odels and accratephysical property para)eters are essential +or otainingaccrate si)lation reslts.

@333 lbmol4hr

93 mole ; acetone

83 mole ; %ater

S#eci$ication: 88.@ mole ; acetone reco!er0

:o- to <stalish !hysical !roperties

Choose a Pro#ert0 Method

Chec( Parameters4Obtain>dditional Parameters

Con$irm Res)lts

Create the Flo%sheet

!roperty Methods

> A !roperty Method is a collection o+ )odels and )ethodssed to calclate physical properties.

> !roperty Methods containing co))only sedther)odyna)ic )odels are provided in Aspen !ls.

> *sers can )odi+y e4isting !roperty Methods or createne- ones.

!hysical !roperty Models

Approac0es to representin p0#sical properties of

components

!hysical !roperty Models

Ideal <=ation o+ "tate Activity "pecial@<"B %oe++icient ModelsModels Models

> %hoice o+ )odel types depends on degree o+ non&idealehavior and operating conditions.

Ideal vs. Hon&Ideal #ehavior

> 5hat do -e )ean y ideal ehavior?

Ideal (as la- and 3aoltJs la-

> 5hich syste)s ehave as ideal?

Hon&polar co)ponents o+ si)ilar siCe and shape

> 5hat controls degree o+ non&ideality? Moleclar interactionse.g. !olarity, siCe and shape o+ the )olecles

> :o- can -e stdy the degree o+ non&ideality o+ a syste)?

!roperty plots @e.g. T;G K ;GB

%o)parison o+ <" and Activity Models

%o))on ption&"ets

> <=ation o+ "tate !roperty Methods

!<H(&3# 3&"A<

> Activity %oe++icient !roperty Methods

*HI*A%

:enryVs a-

> :enryVs a- is only sed -ith ideal and activity coe++icient)odels.

> It is sed to deter)ine the a)ont o+ a spercriticalco)ponent or light gas in the li=id phase.

> Any spercritical co)ponents or light gases @%2, H2,etc.B shold e declared as :enryVs co)ponents@Components "enr# Comps Selection sheetB.

> The :enryVs co)ponents list I' shold e entered on

Properties Specifications Global sheet in the "enr#Components +ield.

%hoosing a !roperty Method & 3evie-

'o yo have anypolar co)ponents

in yor syste)?

Are the operating conditionsnear the critical region o+ the)i4tre?

'o yo have light gases or spercritical co)ponentsin yor syste)?

*se activitycoe++icient )odel-ith :enryJs a-

*se activitycoe++icient)odel

*se <" Model

Reference: Aspen Plus UserGuide' Cha#ter G' Ph0sicalPro#ert0 Methods' "i!essimilar' more detailed")idelines $or choosin" aPro#ert0 Method.

%hoosing a !roperty Method & <4a)ple

%hoose an appropriate !roperty Method +or the +ollo-ingsyste)s o+ co)ponents at a)ient conditions.

Con$irm Res)lts

!re %o)ponent !ara)eters

> 3epresent attrites o+ a single co)ponent

> Inpt in the Properties Parameters Pure Component +older *

> "tored in dataans sch as !*3<10, A"!<H!%',"I'", etc. @The selected dataans are listed on theComponents Specifications %atabanks sheet.B

> !ara)eters retrieved into the (raphical *ser Inter+ace yselecting 3etrieve !ara)eter 3eslts +ro) the tools )en.

> <4a)ples

"calarF M5 +or )oleclar -eight Te)peratre&'ependentF !;AHT +or para)eters in

the e4tended Antoine vapor pressre )odel

#inary !ara)eters

> *sed to descrie interactions et-een t-o co)ponents

> Inpt in the Properties Parameters Binar# Interaction +older

> "tored in inary dataans sch as <&I(, <&A"!<H

> !ara)eter vales +ro) the dataans can e vie-ed on

the inpt +or)s in the (raphical *ser Inter+ace.> !ara)eter +or)s that inclde data +ro) the dataans

)st e vie-ed e+ore the +lo-sheet is co)plete.

><4a)ples

"calarF 3TIU +or the 3acett )odelTe)peratre&'ependentF H3T +or para)eters in theH3T )odel

3eporting !hysical !roperty !ara)eters

ollo- this procedre to otain a report +ile containingvales o+ A pre co)ponent and inary para)eters +or

A co)ponents sed in a si)lationF1. n the "etp Report Options Propert# sheet,

select All physical property para)eters sed @in "InitsB or select !roperty para)etersJ descriptions,

e=ations, and sorces o+ data.2. A+ter rnning the si)lation, e4port a report @O.repB

+ile @"elect <4port +ro) the ile )enB.

. <dit the .rep +ile sing any te4t editor. @ro) the(raphical *ser Inter+ace, yo can choose 3eport+ro) the ie- )en.B The para)eters are listednder the heading !A3AM<T<3 A*<" in thephysical properties section o+ the report +ile.

!A3AM" and !A3AM&!*" 3eports

> The !A3AM&!*" report is not as co)pact as the!A3AM" reportW ho-ever it has a +e- advantagesF

Con$irm Res)lts

!roperty Analysis & %o))on !lots

Ideal ;G !lotF ;G !lot "ho-ing ACeotropeF

;G !lot "ho-ing 2 li=id phasesF

0+D dia"ram $or ME<H>NO 4 PROP>NO

,1U,- MOEFR>C ME<H>NO3 3.2 3.= 3.5 3.I 9

? > P O R

M O B E F R > C

H > N O B

*PRES 9=.58@8@ PS,

0+D dia"ram $or E<H>NO 4 <OUENE

,1U,- MOEFR>C E<H>NO3 3.2 3.= 3.5 3.I 9

? > P O R

M O B E F R > C

> N O B

*PRES 9=.58@8@ PS,

0+D dia"ram $or <OUENE 4 &><ER

,1U,- MOEFR>C <OUENE3 3.2 3.= 3.5 3.I 9

? > P O R

M O B E F R

< O B U E N E

*PRES 9=.58@8@ PS,

Con$irm Res)lts

!roperties inclded in !rop&"ets

> !roperties co))only inclded in property sets incldeF

3A% & Molar vapor +raction o+ a strea)

#<TA & raction o+ li=id in a second li=id phase %!M; & %onstant pressre heat capacity +or a )i4tre

M*M; & iscosity +or a )i4tre

> Availale properties incldeF Ther)odyna)ic properties o+ co)ponents in a )i4tre

!re co)ponent ther)odyna)ic properties

Transport properties

<lectrolyte properties

!etrole)&related properties

Reference: Reference &anual' ol)e , P0#sical Propert# %ata' %hapter/ has a co)plete list o+ properties that can e inclded in a property set.

!rede+ined !roperty "ets

"o)e si)lation Te)plates contain prede+ined propertysets.

The +ollo-ing tale lists prede+ined property sets and thetypes o+ properties they contain +or the General Te)plateF

"trea) 3eslts ptions

> n the Setup Report Options Stream sheet, seFFlo% Basis and Fraction Basis chec&o4es to

speci+y ho- strea) co)position is reported Pro#ert0 Sets tton to speci+y na)es o+ propertysets containing additional properties to e reported +oreach strea)

'e+inition o+ Ter)s

> !roperty Method & "et o+ property )odels and )ethodssed to calclate the properties re=ired +or a si)lation

> !roperty & %alclated physical property vale sch as)i4tre enthalpy

> !roperty Model & <=ation or e=ations sed to calclate

a physical property

> !roperty !ara)eter & %onstant sed in a property )odel

> !roperty "et @!rop&"etB & A )ethod o+ accessing

properties so that they can e sed or talatedelse-here

!hysical !roperties 5orshop

Obecti!e: Sim)late a t%o+li)id #hase settlin" tan( andin!esti"ate the #h0sical #ro#erties o$ the s0stem.

A re+inery has a settling tan that they se to decant o++ the -ater +ro) a)i4tre o+ -ater and a heavy oil. The inlet strea) to the tan alsocontains so)e caron&dio4ide and nitrogen. The tan and +eed are ata)ient te)peratre and pressre @70o , 1at)B, and have the +ollo-ing+lo- rates o+ the varios co)ponentsF

5ater 1 lhr il /22 lhr %2 71 lhr

H2 / lhr

*se the co)pond n&decane to represent the oil. It is no-n that -aterand oil +or) t-o li=id phases nder the conditions in the tan.

!hysical !roperties 5orshop (Continued)

O ti l P t

Optional Part:

Obecti!e: Aenerate a table o$ com#ositions and !a#or #ress)re $or each li)id#hase *9 and 2 at di$$erent tem#erat)res $or a miDt)re o$ %ater and oil.

> In addition to the interactive Analysis co))ands nder the Tools )en, yoalso can create a !roperty Analysis )anally, sing +or)s.

> Manally generated !roperties Analyses are created sing the !roperties Analysis 8ect Manager.

> Manally created !roperty Analyses can e e4ected at the end o+ a +lo-sheetsi)lation or as a stand&alone rn sing a 3n&Type o+ !roperty Analysis.

> A )anally generated (eneric !roperty Analysis is si)ilar to the interactive

Analysis co))ands, ho-ever it is )ore +le4ile regarding inpt and reporting.'etailed instrction are on the +ollo-ing slide.

!hysical !roperties 5orshop (Continued)

!role) "peci+icationsF

1. %reate a (eneric type property analysis.

2. (enerate points along a +lash crve.

. 'e+ine co)ponent +lo-s o+ 0 )ole -ater and 0 )ole oil.

/. "et alid phases to apor&li=id&li=id.

. ary the te)peratre +ro) 0 to /00 .6. *se a vapor +raction o+ Cero.

7. Talate a ne- property set that incldesF

a. Mole +raction o+ -ater and oil in the 1st and 2nd li=id phases

. Mole +lo- o+ -ater and oil in the 1st and 2nd li=id phases

c. #eta & the +raction o+ the 1st li=id to the total li=id

d. !re co)ponent vapor pressres o+ -ater and oil

Potential

Reach Your

Accessing ariales

Objective:

#eco)e +a)iliar -ith re+erencing +lo-sheet variales

> User Guide, %hapter 1$, Accessing lo-sheet ariales

Related Topics:

> User Guide, %hapter 20, "ensitivity

> User Guide, %hapter 21, 'esign "peci+ications> User Guide, %hapter 19, ortran #locs and In&ine ortran

> User Guide, %hapter 22, pti)iCation

> User Guide, %hapter 2, itting a "i)lation Model to 'ata

5hy Access ariales?

> 5hat is the e++ect o+ the re+l4 ratio o+ the col)n on theprity @)ole +raction o+ co)ponent #B o+ the distillate?

> To per+or) this analysis, re+erences )st e )ade to 2

+lo-sheet =antities, i.e. 2 +lo-sheet variales )st eaccessedF1. The re+l4 ratio o+ the col)n2. The )ole +raction o+ co)ponent # in the strea) :'

%*MH<<'

Accessing ariales

> An accessed variale is a re+erence to a particlar+lo-sheet =antity, e.g. te)peratre o+ a strea) or dty o+

a loc.

> Accessed variales can e read +ro), -ritten to, or oth.

>lo-sheet reslt variales @calclated =antitiesB sholdnot e over-ritten or varied.

> The concept o+ accessing variales is sed in sensitivityanalyses, design&specs, in&line ortran, opti)iCation etc.

ariale 'e+inition 'ialog #o4

> 5hen co)pleting a 'e+ine sheet, sch as on a ortran,

'esign speci+ication or "ensitivity +or), speci+y thevariales on the ariale 'e+inition dialog o4.

> Go cannot )odi+y the variales on the 'e+ine sheet itsel+.

> n the ariale 'e+inition dialog o4, select the varialecategory and Aspen !ls -ill display the other +ieldsnecessary to co)plete the variale de+inition.

> I+ yo are editing an e4isting variale and -ant to change

the variale na)e, clic the right )ose tton on theariale Ha)e +ield. n the popp )en, clic 3ena)e.

1 I+ th M M l "td l + t i

1. I+ the Mass&rac, Mole&rac or "tdol&rac o+ a co)ponent in astrea) is accessed, it shold not e )odi+ied. To )odi+y the

co)position o+ a strea), access and )odi+y the Mass&lo-,Mole&lo- or "tdol&lo- o+ the desired co)ponent.

2. I+ dty is speci+ied +or a loc, that dty can e read and -rittensing the variale '*TG +or that loc. I+ the dty +or a loc is

calclated dring si)lation, it shold e read sing thevariale %A%.

. !3<" is the speci+ied pressre or pressre drop, and !'3!is pressre drop sed in calclating pressre pro+ile in heating

or cooling crves.

/. nly strea)s that are feeds to the +lo-sheet shold e variedor )odi+ied directly.

Potential

Reach Your

"ensitivity Analysis

Objective:

Introdce the se o+ sensitivity analysis to stdyrelationships et-een process variales

> User Guide, %hapter 20, "ensitivity

Related Topics:

> User Guide, %hapter 1$, Accessing lo-sheet ariales

> User Guide, %hapter 19, ortran #locs and In&ine ortran

"ensitivity Analysis

> All t t d th ++ t + h i i t

> Allo-s ser to stdy the e++ect o+ changes in inptvariales on process otpts.

> 3eslts can e vie-ed y looing at the Results +or) inthe +older +or the "ensitivity loc.

> 3eslts )ay e graphed to easily visaliCe relationships

et-een di++erent variales.

> %hanges )ade to a +lo-sheet inpt =antity in a sensitivityloc do not a++ect the si)lation. The sensitivity stdy is

rn independently o+ the ase&case si)lation.

> ocated nder $%ata$&odel Anal#sis -ools$Sensiti,it#

"ensitivity Analysis <4a)ple

5hat is the e++ect o+ cooler otlet te)peratre on the prityo+ the prodct strea)?

> 5hat is the )aniplated @variedB variale?

> 5hat is the )easred @sa)pledB variale?

Filename: CUMENE+S.BKP

cooler otlet te)peratre

prity @)ole +ractionB o+ c)ene in prodct strea)

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

*ses o+ "ensitivity Analysis

> "tdying the e++ect o+ changes in inpt variales on

> "tdying the e++ect o+ changes in inpt variales onprocess @)odelB otpts

> (raphically representing the e++ects o+ inpt variales

> eri+ying that a soltion to a design speci+ication is+easile

> 3di)entary opti)iCation

> "tdying ti)e varying variales sing a =asi&steady&

state approach

!lotting

1. "elect the col)n containing the ;&a4is variale and thenselect ;&A4is ariale +ro) the !lot )en.

2. "elect the col)n containing the G&a4is variale and thenselect G&A4is ariale +ro) the !lot )en.

. @ptionalB "elect the col)n containing the para)etricvariale and then select !ara)etric ariale +ro) the !lot)en.

/. "elect 'isplay !lot +ro) the !lot )en.

X To select a col)n, clic on the heading o+ the col)n-ith the le+t )ose tton.

1. nly =antities that have een inpt to the +lo-sheetshold e varied or )aniplated.

2. Mltiple inpts can e varied.

. The si)lation is rn +or every co)ination o+)aniplated @variedB variales.

"ensitivity Analysis 5orshopObecti!e: Use a sensiti!it0 anal0sis to st)d0 the e$$ect o$

Part A:*sing the cyclohe4ane prodction +lo-sheet 5orshop @saved as%G%:<;.#!B, plot the variation o+ reactor dty @loc 3<A%TB asthe recycle split +raction in 5 is varied +ro) 0.1 to 0./.

Optional Part B:In addition to the +raction split o++ as recycle @!art AB, vary the conversiono+ enCene in the reactor +ro) 0.9 to 1.0. Talate the reactor dty andconstrct a para)etric plot sho-ing the dependence o+ reactor dty onthe +raction split o++ as recycle and conversion o+ enCene.

HoteF #oth o+ these stdies @parts A and #B shold e set p -ithin thesa)e sensitivity analysis loc.

5hen +inished, save as +ilena)eF "<H".#!.

Obecti!e: Use a sensiti!it0 anal0sis to st)d0 the e$$ect o$the rec0cle $lo%rate on the reactor d)t0 in the c0cloheDane

$lo%sheet

Potential

Reach Your

1$Introdction to Aspen !ls

'esign "peci+ications

Objective:Introdce the se o+ design speci+ications to )eet processdesign re=ire)ents

>User Guide, %hapter 21, 'esign "peci+ications

Related Topics:

>User Guide, %hapter 1$, Accessing lo-sheet ariales

>User Guide, %hapter 19, ortran #locs and In&ine ortran

>User Guide, %hapter 17, %onvergence

'esign "peci+ication <4a)ple3<%G%<

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1/0Introdction to Aspen !ls

5hat shold the cooler otlet te)peratre e to achieve a

c)ene prodct prity o+ 9$ )ole percent?

> 5hat is the )aniplated @variedB variale?

> 5hat is the )easred @sa)pledB variale?

> 5hat is the speci+ication @targetB to e achieved?

Filename: CUMENE+-.BKP

cooler otlet te)peratre

)ole +raction o+ c)ene in strea) !3'*%T

)ole +raction o+ c)ene in strea) !3'*%T S 0.9$

3<A%T3

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

"teps +or *sing 'esign "peci+ications

1 Identi+y )easred @sa)pledB variales

1. Identi+y )easred @sa)pledB varialesThese are +lo-sheet =antities, sally calclated

=antities, to e inclded in the o8ective +nction @%esinSpec %efine sheetB.

2. "peci+y o8ective +nction @"pecB and goal @TargetBThis is the e=ation that the speci+ication atte)pts to

satis+y @%esin Spec Spec sheetB. The nits o+ the varialesed in the o8ective +nction are the nits +or that type o+variale as speci+ied y the *nits "et declared +or thedesign speci+ication.

. "et tolerance +or o8ective +nctionThe speci+ication is said to e converged i+ the o8ective+nction e=ation is satis+ied to -ithin this tolerance@%esin Spec Spec sheetB.

"teps +or *sing 'esign "peci+ications (Continued)

/ "peci+y )aniplated @variedB variale

/. "peci+y )aniplated @variedB varialeThis is the variale -hose vale the speci+ication

changes in order to satis+y the o8ective +nctione=ation @%esin Spec ar# sheetB.

. "peci+y range o+ )aniplated @variedB varialeThese are the lo-er and pper onds o+ the interval

-ithin -hich Aspen !ls -ill vary the )aniplatedvariale @%esin Spec ar# sheetB. The nits o+ theli)its +or the varied variale are the nits +or that type o+variale as speci+ied y the *nits "et declared +or thedesign speci+ication.

Hotes (Continued)

/ I+ a design&spec does not convergeF

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1//Introdction to Aspen !ls

/. I+ a design spec does not convergeF

a. %hec to see that the )aniplated variale is not atits lo-er or pper ond.

. eri+y that a soltion e4ists -ithin the ondsspeci+ied +or the )aniplated variale, perhaps yper+or)ing a sensitivity analysis.

c. %hec to ensre that the )aniplated variale doesindeed a++ect the vale o+ the sa)pled variales.

d. Try providing a etter starting esti)ate +or the valeo+ the )aniplated variale.

Hotes (Continued)

e Try changing the characteristics o+ the convergence

e. Try changing the characteristics o+ the convergenceloc associated -ith the design&spec @step siCe,

n)er o+ iterations, algorith), etc.B+. Try narro-ing the onds o+ the )aniplated variale

or loosening the tolerance on the o8ective +nction tohelp convergence.

g. Mae sre that the o8ective +nction does not have a+lat region -ithin the range o+ the )aniplatedvariale.

'esign "peci+ication 5orshop

Obecti!e: Use a desi"n s#eci$ication in the c0cloheDane

The cyclohe4ane prodction +lo-sheet -orshop @saved as%G%:<;.#!B is a )odel o+ an e4isting plant. The cooling syste)arond the reactor can handle a )a4i)) operating load o+ /.7

MMcalhr. 'eter)ine the a)ont o+ cyclohe4ane recycle necessary toeep the cooling load on the reactor to this a)ont.

HoteF The heat convention sed in Aspen !ls is that heat inpt to aloc is positive, and heat re)oved +ro) a loc is negative.

5hen +inished, save as +ilena)eF '<"&"!<%.#!

" # 0$lo%sheet to $iD the heat load on the reactor b0 !ar0in" the

rec0cle $lo%rate.

Potential

Reach Your

1/7Introdction to Aspen !ls

ortran #locsObjective:

Introdce sage o+ ortran locs in Aspen !ls

Related Topics:

>User Guide, %hapter 20, "ensitivity

>User Guide, %hapter 22, pti)iCation

ortran #loc <4a)ple

*se o+ a ortran loc to set the pressre drop across a

*se o+ a ortran loc to set the pressre drop across a:eater loc.

!ressre drop across heater is proportional to s=are o+vol)etric +lo- into heater.

Fortran Bloc(

-E<>+P +93+8

Filename: CUMENE+F.BKP

-E<>+P

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

ortran #loc <4a)ple (Continued)

> 5hich +lo-sheet variales )st e accessed?

5hich +lo-sheet variales )st e accessed?

> 5hen shold the ortran loc e e4ected?

> 5hich variales are read and -hich are -ritten?

ol)etric +lo- o+ strea) 3<A%&*T-0is can be accessed in t!o different !a#s:1. Mass +lo- and )ass density o+ strea) 3<A%&*T2. A prop&set containing vol)etric +lo- o+ a )i4tre

!ressre drop across loc %

#e+ore loc %

ol)etric +lo- is read!ressre drop is -ritten

"teps +or *sing ortran #locs

1. Access +lo-sheet variales to e sed -ithin ortran

All +lo-sheet =antities that )st e either read +ro)

or -ritten to, )st e identi+ied @ortran Input %efine sheetB.

2. 5rite ortran

Incldes oth non&e4ectale @%MMH,

<*IA<H%<, etcB ortran @ortran Input%eclarations sheetB and e4ectale ortran @ortranInput ortran sheetB to achieve desired reslt.

. "peci+y location o+ ortran loc in e4ection se=ence

@ortran Input Se/uence sheetB "peci+y directly, or

"peci+y -ith read and -rite variales

1. nly =antities that have een inpt to the +lo-sheet

y = pshold e over-ritten.

2. The rles +or -riting In&ine ortran are as +ollo-sF

a. The ortran code )st egin in col)n 7 or later.

. %o))ent lines )st have the letter D%E or a D W E in

the +irst col)n.

c. %ol)n t-o )st e lan.

. ariale na)es shold not egin -ith lL or LL.

Hotes (Continued)

/. n the ortran Input Se/uence sheet, the pre+erred -ay

p / , p yto speci+y -here the ortran loc shold e e4ected is

to list the read and -rite variales.

. 5hen sing the ortran 53IT< state)ent, yo can sethe prede+ined nit n)er HT<3M to -rite to the controlpanel. or e4a)ple,

-rite@HT<3M,OB Yeed lo-rate S Y,+lo-

ortran 5orshopObecti!e: Use a Fortran Bloc( to maintain the methane:%ater

In a )ethane re+or)er, hydrogen gas is prodced y reacting )ethane -ith-ater, generating caron )ono4ide as a y&prodct. The reaction taingplace is the +ollo-ingF

The +eed to the re+or)er consists o+ pre )ethane and -ater strea)s.

These are )i4ed and heated prior to eing +ed to the re+or)er. Theconversion o+ )ethane is 99.R, and the )olar ratio o+ )ethane to -ater inthe +eed is 1F/.

%reate a +lo-sheet as sho-n in the diagra) on the +ollo-ing slide. "et p a"ensitivity loc and plot a graph sho-ing the variation o+ reactor dty asthe )ethane +lo-rate in the +eed is varied +ro) 100 to 00 l)olhr.

HoteF The )ethaneF-ater ratio in the +eed )st e )aintained constant+or each "ensitivity case. @:intF This can e achieved sing aortran #loc.B

ratio in the $eed to a reactor.

ortran 5orshop (Continued)

CH 6 H O 7 H 6 CO

CH= 6 H2O 7 H2 6 CO

Methane &ater H0dro"en Carbon MonoDide

<em#erat)re 9@3 F

Press)re 833 #si

<em#erat)re G3 F

Press)re 9@ #si<em#erat)re 9933 F

Press)re I@3 #si<em#erat)re 9=@3 F

Press)re -ro# 23 #si

CH= con!ersion 3.88@

Use the Pen"+Robinson Pro#ert0 Method

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: Fortran.BKP

MI;%:/

3<3M<3

Potential

Reach Your

5indo-s Interoperaility

Objective:

Introdce the se o+ -indo-s interoperaility to trans+erdata easily to and +ro) other 5indo-s progra)s.

> User Guide, %hapter 7, 5oring -ith ther 5indo-s !rogra)s

> User Guide, %hapter $, *sing the Aspen !ls Active; Ato)ation"erver

5indo-s Interoperaility

> %opying and pasting si)lation data into spreadsheets

> %opying and pasting si)lation data into spreadsheetsor reports

> %opying and pasting +lo-sheet graphics and plots intoreports

> %reating active lins et-een Aspen !ls and other5indo-s applications

> < e)edding

> < ato)ation

5indo-s Interoperaility & <4a)ples> %opy si)lation reslts sch as col)n pro+iles and

strea) reslts

into a spreadsheet +or +rther analysis into a -ord processor +or reports and doc)entation

into a design progra)

into a dataase +or case storage and )anage)ent

> %opy +lo-sheet graphics and plotsinto a -ord processor +or reportsinto a slide )aing progra) +or presentations

> %opy talar data +ro) spreadsheets into Aspen !ls

+or 'ata 3egression, 'ata&it, etc.

> %opy plots or tales into the !rocess lo-sheet 5indo-

#ene+its o+ 5indo-s Interoperaility

> #ene+its o+ %opy!aste!aste in

ive data lins can e estalished that pdate theseapplications as the process )odel is changed toato)atically propagate reslts o+ engineeringchanges.

The ene+its to the engineer are =ic and error&+reedata trans+er and consistent engineering resltsthroghot the engineering -or process.

"teps +or *sing %opy and !aste

1 Select

1. Select "elect the data +ields or the graphical o8ects.

Mltiple +ields o+ data or o8ects can e selected yholding do-n the %T3 ey -hile clicing the )oseon the +ields.

%ol)ns o+ data can e selected y clicing thecol)n heading, or an entire grid can e selected y

clicing on the top le+t cell.

2. Co#0 %hoose %opy +ro) the <dit )en or type %T3&%.

. Paste %lic the )ose in the inpt +ield -here yo -ant the

in+or)ation and choose !aste +ro) the <dit )enor clic %T3&.

%opy and !aste 5orshop 1Obecti!e: Use co#0 and #aste to co#0 and #aste the

> *se the %yclohe4ane +lo-sheet -orshop @saved as%G%:<;.#!B

> %opy the te)peratre pro+ile +ro) %*MH into aspreadsheet.

> (enerate a plot o+ the te)peratre sing the plot -iCardand copy and paste the plot into the spreadsheet.

> "ave the spreadsheet as %G%:<;&reslt.4ls

sta"e tem#erat)res into a s#readsheet.

%opy and !aste 5orshop 2Obecti!e: Use co#0 and #aste to co#0 the stream

> %opy the strea) reslts +ro) strea) %:3%G into theinpt +or).

%opy the co)positions, the te)peratre and thepressre separately.

res)lts to a stream in#)t $orm.

%reating Active ins

> 5hen copying and pasting in+or)ation yo can create

5hen copying and pasting in+or)ation, yo can createactive lins et-een inpt or reslts +ields in Aspen !lsand other applications sch as 5ord and <4cel.

> The lins pdate these applications as the process)odel is )odi+ied to ato)atically propagate reslts o+

engineering changes.

< <)edding

> 5hat is < e)edding?

5hat is < e)edding?

Applications can e sed -ithin applications.

> *ses o+ < e)edding

< serverF Aspen !ls +lo-sheet graphics can e

e)edded into a report doc)ent, or strea) datainto a %A' dra-ing. The si)lation )odel isactally contained in the doc)ent, and cold edelivered directly -ith that doc)ent.

< containerF ther -indo-s applications can ee)edded -ithin the Aspen !ls si)lation.

< <)edding (Continued)

> #ene+its o+ < e)edding

#ene+its o+ < e)edding

< serverF I+ the recipient o+ an engineering report,+or e4a)ple, -anted to revie- the )odelass)ptions, he cold access and rn thee)edded Aspen !ls )odel directly +ro) the reportdoc)ent.

< containerF or e4a)ple, <4cel spreadsheetsand plots cold e sed to enhance Aspen !ls+lo-sheet graphics.

"teps +or %reating Active ins

1. pen oth applications.

2. "elect the data @or o8ectB that yo -ant to paste andlin.

. %hoose %opy +ro) the <dit )en.

/. In the location -here yo -ant to paste the lin, choose!aste "pecial +ro) the <dit )en.

. In the !aste "pecial dialog o4, clic the !aste in

radio tton.

!aste in 'e)onstration

Obecti!e: Create an acti!e lin( $rom >s#en Pl)s

Obect e C eate a act e o s#e )sRes)lts into a s#readsheet.

> "tart -ith the c)ene +lo-sheet de)onstration.

> pen a spreadsheet and create a cell -ith thete)peratre +or the cooler in it.

> %opy and paste the lin into the Aspen !ls +lo-sheet.

> %opy and paste a lin -ith the +lo- and co)position o+c)ene in the prodct strea) into the spreadsheet.

> %hange the te)peratre in the spreadsheet and thenrern the +lo-sheet. Hotice the changes.

!aste in 5orshopObecti!e: Create an acti!e lin( $rom >s#en Pl)s

R lt i t d h t

Res)lts into a s#readsheet

> %opy the %ondenser and 3eoiler dty reslts +ro) the3adrac %*MH "))ary sheet. *se %opy -ith or)at

and copy the vale, the lael and the nits.

> !aste the reslts into the %G%:<;&reslts.4ls spreadsheetas a lin. *se !aste "pecial and choose in.

> %hange the 3e+l4 ratio in the col)n to 1 and rern the

+lo-sheet. %hec the spreadsheet to see that the reslts havechanged there also. Hotice that the te)peratre pro+ile resltshave not changed since they -ere not pasted as a lin.

"aving iles -ith Active ins

> #e sre to save oth the lin sorce +ile and the lin

container +ile.

> I+ yo save the lin sorce -ith a di++erent na)e, yo)st save the lin container a+ter saving the linsorce.

> I+ yo have active lins in oth directions et-een thet-o applications and yo change the na)e o+ oth +iles,yo )st do three "ave operationsF

"ave the +irst application -ith a ne- na)e.

"ave the second application -ith a ne- na)e.

"ave the +irst application again.

3nning iles -ith Active ins

> 5hen yo open the lin sorce +ile, there is nothing

y p , gspecial that yo need to do.

> 5hen yo open the lin container +ile, yo -ill sallysee a dialog o4 asing yo i+ yo -ant to re&estalishthe lins. Go can select Ges or Ho.

> To )ae a lin sorce application visileF

"elect ins, +ro) the <dit )en in Aspen !ls.

In the ins dialog o4, select the sorce +ile andclic pen "orce.

@HoteF The !rocess lo-sheet )st e the active-indo-. ins is not an option on the <dit )en i+the 'ata #ro-ser is active.B

<)edding 8ects in the lo-sheet

> Go can e)ed other applications as o8ects into the

pp 8!rocess lo-sheet -indo-.

> Go can do this in t-o -aysF

*sing %opy and !aste

*sing the Insert dialog o4

> Go can edit the o8ect e)edded in the +lo-sheet ydole clicing on the o8ect to edit it inside Aspen !ls.

>Go can also )ove, resiCe or attach the o8ect to a locor strea) in the +lo-sheet.

< Ato)ation

> 5hat is < ato)ation?

ther progra)s sch as isal #asic or %PP can esed to control a si)lation.

> *ses o+ < ato)ation

isal #asic or %PP can e -ritten to access andcontrol process )odels sing a doc)entedinter+ace synta4.

A csto) application can e ilt on top o+ process)odels.

< Ato)ation (Continued)

> #ene+its o+ < ato)ation

A )odel developer in the !rocess <ngineeringdepart)ent cold develop a csto)iCed <4celinter+ace to an Aspen !ls )odel +or plant operators,sing the isal #asic +or Applications @#AB )acrolangage.

A csto)er )ight -rite a top&level %PP progra) that

> plls data +ro) a process )odel

> ses that data to ato)atically generate csto)

spec sheets> poplates a process engineering dataase

> lanches a third&party design progra)

< Ato)ation 'e)onstration

> <4a)ple 1

"i)ple rn and reinit tton are sed in the tanol+lo-sheet.

ilesF tanol&de)o.4ls and tanol.p

> <4a)ple 2

More elaorate isal #asic code is sed to create ageneral heat e4changer spreadsheet that canaccess the heat e4changers in any Aspen !ls+lo-sheet.

ilesF olespecsheet.4ls and heat42.p

Potential

Reach Your

: t d : t;

:eater and :eat;

Objective:

Introdction to the se o+ the :eater and :eat; nit

operation )odels

5oring -ith :eater

The :eater loc )i4es )ltiple inlet strea)s to prodce

a single otlet strea) at a speci+ied ther)odyna)ic

state.

Go can se :eater to representF

:eaters

%oolers

!)ps and %o)pressors @-henever -or&related

reslts are not neededB

:eater Inpt "peci+ications

Allo-ed co)inationsF

> !ressre @or !ressre dropB and one o+F tlet te)peratre

:eat dty or inlet heat strea)

apor +raction

Te)peratre change 'egrees o+ scooling or sperheating

> tlet Te)peratre or Te)peratre change and one o+F

!ressre

:eat 'ty

apor +raction

:eater Inpt "peci+ications (Continued)

or single phase se !ressre @dropB and one o+F

tlet te)peratre

:eat dty or inlet heat strea)

Te)peratre change

apor +raction o+ 1 )eans de- point condition,0 )eans le point

5oring -ith :eat;

:eat; can )odel shell and te e4changer types lieF

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1$0Introdction to Aspen !ls

%onter crrent and co&crrent

"eg)ental a++le T<MA <, , (, :, U and ; shells

3od a++le T<MA < and shells

#are and lo-&+inned tes

:eat; per+or)sF

ll Cone analysis

:eat trans+er and pressre drop calclations

"ensile heat, ncleate oiling, condensation +il)

coe++icient calclations

#ilt&in or ser speci+ied correlations

5oring -ith :eat; (Continued)

:eat; cannotF

> !er+or) design calclations

> !er+or) )echanical viration analysis

><sti)ate +oling +actors

5oring -ith :eat; (Continued)

5hen speci+ying :eat;, considerF

> 3igorosdetailed calclations or si)pleshortct)ethods

> 5hat type o+ speci+ication

> :o- to calclate

og&)ean te)peratre di++erence

:eat trans+er coe++icient

!ressre drop

> 5hat e=ip)ent geo)etry speci+ications are availale

:eat; Inpt "peci+ications

"elect one o+ the +ollo-ing speci+icationsF

> :eat trans+er area or (eo)etry

> <4changer dty

>or hot or cold otlet strea)F

Te)peratre

Te)peratre change

Te)peratre approach

'egrees o+ sperheating scooling apor +raction

:eat; verss :eater

%onsider the +ollo-ingF

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1$/Introdction to Aspen !ls

> *se :eat; -hen oth sides are relevant.

> *se :eater -hen one side @tilityB is irrelevant.

>*se t-o heaters @copled y heat strea), ortran locor design specB to avoid +lo-sheet co)ple4ity createdy :eat;.

:eat %rves

:eat; and :eater are ale to calclate :eat %rves@: B

@:crvesB.

Tales can e generated +or varios independentvariales @typically dty or te)peratreB +or anyproperty that Aspen !ls can generate.

These tales can e printed, plotted, or e4ported +or se-ith other heat e4changer design so+t-are.

:eat %rves Talar 3eslts

:eat %rve !lot

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 1$$Introdction to Aspen !ls

:eat; 5orshopObecti!e: Com#are the sim)lation o$ a heat eDchan"erthat )ses %ater to cool a h0drocarbon miDt)re )sin" three

> :ydrocaron strea)

Te)peratreF 200 %

!ressreF / ar lo-rateF 10000 ghr

%o)positionF 0 -tR enCene, 20R styrene,20R ethylenCene and 10R -ater

> %ooling -ater

Te)peratreF 20 %

!ressreF 10 ar

lo- rateF 0000 ghr

%o)positionF 100R -ater

0 "methods: a shortc)t Heat' a ri"oro)s Heat and t%oHeaters connected %ith a Heat stream.

:eat; 5orshop (Continued)

RCLD-OUT

SCLD-OUTHEATER 1

RHEATX

RCLD-IN

RHOT-IN RHOT-OUT

SHEATX

SCLD-IN

SHOT-IN SHOT-OUT

HEATER-1

COLD-IN

Q-TRANS

COLD-OUT

HEATER-2

HOT-IN HOT-OUT

Use the RK+Soa!e Pro#ert0 Method $or the h0drocarbon streams.Use the Steam <ables $or the coolin" %ater streams.

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: HeatD.BKP

:eat; 5orshop (Continued)

> "hortct :eat; si)lationF

:ydrocaron strea) e4it has a vapor +raction o+ 0 1

:ydrocaron strea) e4it has a vapor +raction o+ 0.1

Ho pressre drop in either strea)

> T-o :eaters si)lationF

*se the sa)e speci+ications as the shortct :eat; si)lation

> 3igoros :eat; si)lationF :ydrocarons in shell leave -ith a vapor +raction o+ 0.1

"hell dia)eter 1 ), / te passes

600 are tes, 6 ) length, pitch 1 )), 21 )) I', 2 )) '

All noCCles 100 )) a++les, 1R ct

%reate heat crves containing all in+o re=ired +or ther)al design.

Potential

Reach Your

!ressre %hangers

Objective:

Introdce the nit operation )odels sed to change

pressreF p)ps, co)pressors, and )odels +orcalclating pressre change throgh pipes andvalves.

5oring -ith the !)p Model

> The !)p loc can e sed to si)lateF

:ydralic trines

> !o-er re=ire)ent is calclated or inpt.

> A :eater )odel can e sed +or pressre changecalclations only.

> !)p is designed to handle a single li=id phase.

> apor&li=id or vapor&li=id&li=id calclations can especi+ied to deter)ine otlet strea) conditions.

!)p !er+or)ance %rves

> 3ating can e done y speci+ying scalar para)eters ora p)p per+or)ance crve

a p)p per+or)ance crve.

> "peci+yF

'i)ensional crves> :ead verss +lo-

> !o-er verss +lo- 'i)ensionless crvesF

> :ead coe++icient verss +lo- coe++icient

5oring -ith the %o)pr Model

> The %o)pr loc can e sed to si)lateF

!olytropic centri+gal co)pressor

!olytropic positive displace)ent co)pressor Isentropic co)pressor

Isentropic trine

>!o-er re=ire)ent is calclated or inpt.

> A :eater )odel can e sed +or pressre changecalclations only.

> %o)pr is designed to handle oth single and )ltiple

phase calclations.

> %o)pr can calclate co)pressor sha+t speed.

%o)pressor !er+or)ance %rves

> 3ating can e done y speci+ying a co)pressorper+or)ance crve

per+or)ance crve.

> "peci+yF

'i)ensional crves> :ead verss +lo-

> !o-er verss +lo- 'i)ensionless crvesF

> :ead coe++icient verss +lo- coe++icient

> %o)pr cannot handle per+or)ance crves +or a trine.

5oring -ith the alve Model

> The alve loc can e sed to si)lateF

%ontrol valves

!ressre changers

> alve relates the pressre drop across a valve to thevalve +lo- coe++icient.

> alve ass)es the +lo- is adiaatic.

> alve deter)ines the ther)al and phase condition o+ theotlet strea).

> alve can per+or) single or )ltiple phase calclations.

5oring -ith the alve Model (Cont*)

> The e++ect o+ head loss +ro) pipe +ittings can e inclded.

> There are three types o+ calclationsF Adiaatic +lash +or speci+ied otlet pressre @pressre

changerB

%alclate valve +lo- coe++icient +or speci+ied otlet

pressre @designB

%alclate otlet pressre +or speci+ied valve @ratingB

> alve can chec +or choed +lo-.

> %avitation inde4 can e calclated.

5oring -ith the !ipe Model

> The !ipe loc calclates the pressre drop and heattrans+er in a single pipe seg)ent

trans+er in a single pipe seg)ent.

> The !ipeline loc can e sed +or a )ltiple&seg)entpipe.

> <ntrance e++ects are not )odeled.

> !ipe can per+or) single or )ltiple phase calclations.

> I+ the inlet pressre is no-n, !ipe calclates the otletpressre.

> I+ the otlet pressre is no-n, !ipe calclates the inletpressre and pdates the state variales o+ the inletstrea).

!ressre %hangers 5orshop (Cont*)

PURGECOMP

PURGE2

,sentro#ic= bar #ress)re chan"e

FEED-MIX

CHRCY3

H2RCY2

RXOUTHP-SEP

COLUMN

LTENDS

PRODUCT

VFLOWH2RCY

CHRCY2

FEEDPUMP

Filename: ENAUN,<S.BKP

Per$ormance C)r!eHead Flo%mL c)m4hrL=3 22@3 @

733 93733 23

Carbon Steel

Sched)le =39+in diameter 2@+m len"th

25 bar o)tlet #ress)re

23 bar o)tlet #ress)reAlobe !al!e?I93 e)al #ercent $lo%9.@+in sie

Potential

Reach Your

lo-sheet %onvergence

Objective:

Introdce the idea o+ convergence locs, tear strea)sand +lo-sheet se=ences

Related Topics:>User Guide, %hapter 20, "ensitivity

%onvergence #locs> <very design speci+ication and tear strea) has an

associated convergence loc.

> %onvergence locs deter)ine ho- gesses +or a tearstrea) or design speci+ication )aniplated variale arepdated +ro) iteration to iteration.

> Aspen !ls&de+ined convergence loc na)es egin -ith thecharacter DZ.E

*ser de+ined convergence loc na)es )st not egin-ith the character DZ.E

> To deter)ine the convergence locs de+ined y Aspen !ls,loo nder the Dlo-sheet AnalysisE section in the %ontrol

!anel )essages.

> *ser convergence locs can e speci+ied nder $%ata$Con,erence$Con,erence***

%onvergence #loc Types> 'i++erent types o+ convergence locs are sed +or di++erent

prposesFTo converge tear strea)sF

To converge tear strea)sF

> 5<("T<IH> 'I3<%T> #3G'<H> H<5TH

To converge design speci+icationsF> "<%AHT

> #3G'<H> H<5TH

To converge design speci+ications and tear strea)sF> #3G'<H> H<5TH

or opti)iCationF

> "!> %M!<;

> (loal convergence options can e speci+ied on the Con,erenceCon,Options %efaults +or)*

lo-sheet "e=ence> To deter)ine the +lo-sheet se=ence calclated y Aspen

!ls, loo nder the D%M!*TATIH 3'<3 3 T:<

5":<<TE section in the %ontrol !anel, or on the le+t&hand pane o+ the %ontrol !anel -indo-.

> *ser&deter)ined se=ences can e speci+ied on theCon,erence Se/uence +or)*

> *ser&speci+ied se=ences can e either +ll or partial.

Tear "trea)s

> 5hich are the recycle strea)s?

5hich are the possile tear strea)s?

>5hich are the possile tear strea)s?

> A tear strea) is one +or -hich Aspen !ls )aes an initialgess, and iteratively pdates the gess ntil t-o

consective gesses are -ithin a speci+ied tolerance.

> Tear strea)s are related to, t not the sa)e as recyclestrea)s.

S9 S2 S7

S@M,ER

Tear "trea)s (Continued)

> To deter)ine the tear strea)s chosen y Aspen !ls,loo nder the Dlo-sheet AnalysisE section in the %ontrol

!anel.

> *ser&deter)ined tear strea)s can e speci+ied on theCon,erence -ear +or)*

> !roviding esti)ates +or tear strea)s can +acilitate orspeed p +lo-sheet convergence @highly reco))ended,other-ise the de+alt is CeroB.

>I+ yo enter in+or)ation +or a strea) that is in a Dloop,E

Aspen !ls -ill ato)atically try to choose that strea) toe a tear strea).

%onvergence 5orshopObecti!e: Con!er"e this $lo%sheet.

FEE-+H<

BO<+COO

PREHE><R

PREF>SH

<95@ FP9@ #sia

933 lbmol4hr

H23 3.=Methanol 3.7Ethanol 3.7

>rea 5@ s$t

NS<>AES93Mole+RR@-:F3.2

FEE-S ON S<>AE @

P9 atm

Use NR<+RK Pro#ert0 Method

<G3 FP7@ #sia@3 lbmol4hr Eth0lene Al0col

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: CON?ERAE.BKP

%onvergence 5orshop (Continued)

"ints for Con,erence 1orks0op:

estions to as yorsel+F

5hat )essages are displayed in the control panel? 5hy do so)e o+ the locs sho- Cero +lo-?

5hat is the Aspen !ls&generated e4ection se=ence +or the+lo-sheet?

5hich strea) does Aspen !ls choose as a tear strea)?

5hat are other possile tear strea)s?

3eco))endationF (ive initial esti)ates +or a tear strea).

+ the three possile tear strea)s yo cold choose, -hich doyo no- the )ost aot? @HoteF I+ yo enter in+or)ation +or astrea) that is in a Dloop,E Aspen !ls -ill ato)atically choosethat strea) to e a tear strea) and set p a convergence loc+or it.B

%onvergence 5orshop (Continued)

estions to as yorsel+F

'oes the +lo-sheet converge a+ter entering initial esti)ates +orthe tear strea)?

I+ not, -hy not? @see control panelB :o- is the errtol vale ehaving, and -hat is its vale at the

end o+ the rn?

'oes it appear that increasing the n)er o+ convergenceiterations -ill help?

5hat else can e tried to i)prove this convergence?

3eco))endationF Try a di++erent convergence algorith) @e.g. 'irect,#royden, or He-tonB.

HoteF Go can either )anally create a convergence loc to convergethe tear strea) o+ yor choice, or yo can change the de+altconvergence )ethod +or all tear strea)s on the Con,erenceCon,Options %efaults %efault&et0ods sheet*

Potential

Reach Your

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshop

ll "cale !lant Modeling 5orshop

Objective:

!ractice and apply )any o+ the techni=es sed in thiscorse and learn ho- to est approach )odeling

pro8ects

(eneral (idelines> ???

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopObecti!e: Model a methanol #lant.

The process eing )odeled is a )ethanol plant. Theasic +eed strea)s to the plant are Hatral (as, %aron'io4ide @ass)ed to e taen +ro) a neary A))onia!lantB and 5ater. The ai) is to achieve the )ethanolprodction rate o+ appro4i)ately 62,000ghr, at a prity

o+ at least 99.9 R -t.

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopFront+end Section

Carbon -ioDide Stream CO2

> Te)peratre S / %

>ir to B)rner + >,R

> Te)peratre S 66 %

> Te)peratre S / %

> !ressre S 1./ ar > lo- S 2/$2 ghr

> Mole raction

%2 & 0.92

:2 & 0.009/

:2 & 0.0606

%:/ & 0.0019

H2 & 0.002$

Nat)ral Aas Stream + N><A>S

> Te)peratre S 26 %

> !ressre S 21.7 ar

> lo- S 2992 ghr

> Mole raction

%2 & 0.009 %:/ & 0.99

H2 & 0.000$

%2:/ & 0.091

%:$ & 0.000

> Te)peratre S 66 %

> !ressre S 1 at)> lo- S 2$19/6 ghr

F)el to B)rner + FUE

> lo- S 9/6 ghr

> %onditions and co)position are the sa)e as +orthe natral gas strea)

Circ)lation &ater + H2OC,RC

> !re -ater strea)

> lo- S /10000 ghr

> Te)peratre S 19 %

> !ressre S 26 ar

Ma(e)# Steam + MKUPS<> "trea) o+ pre stea)

> lo- S /0000 ghr

> !ressre S 26 ar

> apor raction S 1

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopCarbon -ioDide Com#ressor + CO2COMP

> 'ischarge !ressre S 27. ar

> %o)pressor Type S 2 stage

Nat)ral Aas Com#ressor + CH=COMP> 'ischarge !ressre S 27. ar

> %o)pressor Type S single stage

Re$ormer Process Side Feed Stream Pre+Heater + FEE-H<R

> <4it Te)peratre S 60 %

Sat)ration Col)mn + S><UR><E

> 3adrac #loc -ith 1. inch )etal pall ring pacing.

> <sti)ated :<T! S 10 4 1. inches S $1 ))

> :eight o+ !acing S 1 )eters

> Ho condenser and no reoiler.

Re$ormer Reactor + REFORMER

> %onsists o+ t-o partsF the rnace portion and the "tea) 3e+or)ing portion

> <4it Te)peratre o+ the "tea) 3e+or)ing portion S $60 %

> !ressre S 1$ ar

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopHeat Reco!er0 Section

> This section consists o+ a series o+ heat e4changers and +lash vessels sed to recover the availale energyand -ater in the 3e+or)ed (as strea)

and -ater in the 3e+or)ed (as strea).

> <4it te)peratre S 166 %

> <4it !ressreS 1$ ar

> <4it te)peratre S 16 %

> <4it !ressre S 1$ ar

> <4it te)peratre S 10/ %

> <4it !ressre S 19 ar

> <4it te)peratre S $ %

> !ressre 'rop S 0.1 ar

> <4it te)peratre S /0 %

> <4it !ressre S 17.6 ar

> !ressre 'rop S 0 ar

> :eat 'ty S 0 MMcalhr

> <4it !ressre S 17.7 ar

> <4it !ressre S 17./ ar

> T-o "tage !olytropic co)pressor > 'ischarge !ressre S $2. ar

> Intercooler <4it Te)peratre S /0 %

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopMethanol S0nthesis oo# Section

Methanol Reactor + MEOHRR> Te cooled reactor

e coo ed eacto

> <4it Te)peratre +ro) the tes S 2/0 %> Ho pressre drop across the reactor > 3eactions

− % P :2 &Q %2 P :2 @<=iliri)B− %2 P :2 &Q %:: P :2 @P1 % Te)peratre ApproachB− 2%:: &Q 'IM<T:G<T:<3 P :2 @Molar e4tent 0.2)olhrB− /% P $:2 &Q H&#*TAH P :2 @Molar e4tent 0.$)olhrB− % P :2 &Q A%<TH< P 2:2 @Molar e4tent 0.)olhrB

E929> <4it Te)peratre & 10 %> <4it !ressre & $1 ar

E922> %old "ide <4it Te)peratre & 120 %

> <4it Te)peratre & 60 %> <4it !ressre & 77. ar

E92=> <4it Te)peratre & / %> <4it !ressre & 7.6 ar

F=> <4it !ressre S 7.6 ar > :eat 'ty S 0 MMcalhr

C,RC> "ingle stage co)pressor > 'ischarge !ressre S $ ar > 'ischarge Te)peratre S %

SP,<9> "plit raction S 0.$ to strea) /0<

SP,<2> "trea) !*3(< S 9000 ghr

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshop-istillation Section

F@< it !

><4it !ressre ar

> :eat 'ty 0 MMcalhr

> or -ater addition to the crde )ethanol

<o##in" Col)mn + <OPP,NA

> H)er o+ "tages S 1 @inclding condenser and reoilerB> %ondenser Type S !artial apori=id

> eed stage S 1/

> 'istillate has oth li=id and vapor strea)s

> 'istillate rate S 1/00 ghr

> !ressre pro+ileF stage 1 S 1. ar and stage 1 S 1.$ ar

> 'istillate vapor +raction S 99 )olR

> "tage 2 heat dty S &7 M)calhr

> "tage 1 heat dty"peci+ied y the heat strea)> 3eoiler heat dty is provided via a heat strea) +ro) a heater loc

> alve trays

> The col)n has t-o condensers. To represent the li=id +lo- connections a p)parond can esed et-een stage 1 and .

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshop-istillation Section *Contin)ed

Re$inin" Col)mn + REF,N,NAH + "t 9 @i l di d d il B

>H)er o+ "tages S 9 @inclding condenser and reoilerB

> %ondenser Type S Total

> 'istillate 3ate S 1 ghr

> eed stage S 60

> i=id !rodct sidedra- +ro) "tage / [ 62000 ghr @"trea) na)e \ !3'*%TB

> i=id !rodct sidedra- +ro) "tage $ [ 0 ghr @"trea) na)e \ *"<IB

> 3e+l4 rate S 1$$76 ghr

> !ressre pro+ileF stage 1S 1.ar and stage 9S2ar

> 3eoiler heat dty is provided via a conventional reoiler spple)ented y a heat strea +ro) aheater loc to stage 9

> alve trays

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshop-esi"n S#eci$ications

> To )eet environ)ental reglations, the otto)s strea) )st contain no )ore than 100pp) y -eight o+)ethanol as this strea) is to e d)ped to a neary river

)ethanol as this strea) is to e d)ped to a neary river.

> Ad8st the )ae&p stea) M*!"T +lo- to achieve a desired stea) to )ethane )olar ratio o+ 2.$ inthe 3e+or)er +eed 3<<<'.

> Ad8st the air +lo- to achieve 2R@vol.B o+ o4ygen in the *<(A" strea).

> Ad8st the )ae&p -ater +lo- @strea) M5AT<3B to the %3*'< strea) to achieve a strea)co)position o+ 2 -t.R o+ -ater in the strea) +eeding the Topping col)n @strea) T!<<'B toachieve 100 pp) )ethanol in the 3e+ining col)n #TM" strea).

O#tional

> *se 3igoros :eat; "peci+ications +or <122− 3igoros%ontercrrent:eat Trans+er coe++icient ased on (eo)etry− :ot side \ TeW %old side \ "hell− !ressre drop on oth sides is 0.0 ar − "hell dia)eter \ 1.$7) W T<MA Type & <− Tes \ #are @"ingle !assB

Ho)inal siCe \ 0.7 in W #5( \ 16 W %aron "teel−

Total n)er o+ tes \ 261− ength \ 1.11$)− Trianglar te pitch \ 26.$))− H)er o+ #a++les \ 7 W #a++le %t \ 0.1− 'ia)eter o+ all noCCles \ 0.6)

ll&"cale !lant Modeling 5orshopHints

> To i)prove convergence it )ay e necessary to se #royden toconverge the tear strea)s

> *se an appropriate e=ation o+ state +or the portions o+ the +lo-sheetinvolving gases and se an activity coe++icient )odel +or the sections

-here non&ideal li=ids )ay e present.

*3HA%<

M<:3;3

<121%/

"GH%M!

#I<3<122

<12/<22

M5AT<3

T!!IH(

3<IHIH(

"AT*3AT<

<<':T3

3<3M<3

HAT(A"

:2%I3%

%:/%M!

%2 %2%M!

Potential

Reach Your

Additional Topics

Potential

Reach Your

Maintaining Aspen !ls "i)lations

Objective:

Introdce ho- to store si)lations and retrieve the)

+ro) yor co)pter environ)ent

4 User Guide, %hapter 1, Managing Gor iles

ile or)ats in Aspen !ls

ile Type %haracteristics

> #inary +iles

)achine speci+ic, not trans+erale

not readale, not printale

> A"%II +iles

not )achine speci+ic, trans+erale

contain no control characters, DreadaleE not intended to e printed

> Te4t +iles

not )achine speci+ic, trans+erale

readale, can e edited

intended to e printed

:o- to "tore a "i)lation

Three -ays to store si)lationsF

'oc)ent #acp Inpt@O.ap-B @O.pB @O.inpB

"i)lation de+inition Ges Ges Ges

%onvergence in+o Ges Ho Ho

3eslts Ges Ges Ho(raphics Ges Ges GesHo

*ser readale Ho Ho Ges

pensave speed :igh o- o-est

"pace re=ire)ents :igh o- o-est

Te)plate iles

Te)plate +iles are sed to set yor personal pre+erencesF

> *nits o+ )easre)ent

> !roperty sets +or strea) reports

> %o)position asis

> "trea) report +or)at

> (loal +lo- asis +or inpt speci+ications> "etting ree&5ater option

> "election +or "trea)&%lass

> !roperty Method

> @3e=iredB %o)ponent list

> ther application&speci+ic de+alts

Potential

Reach Your

%sto)iCing the oo o+ Gor lo-sheet

Objective:

Introdce several -ays o+ annotating yor +lo-sheet tocreate in+or)ative !rocess lo- 'iagra)s.

> User Guide, %hapter 1/, Annotating Gor lo-sheet

Related Topics:

> User Guide, %hapter 7, 5oring -ith ther 5indo-s !rogra)s

%sto)iCing the !rocess lo- 'iagra)> Add annotations

(raphics

> Add < o8ects Add a titleo4

Add plots or diagra)s

> 'isplay gloal data "trea) +lo-rate, pressre and te)peratre

:eat strea) dty

5or strea) po-er

#loc dty and po-er

> *se !' )ode %hange +lo-sheet connectivity

ie-ing

> *se the ie- )en to select the ele)ents that yo -ishto vie-F

!' Mode

(loal 'ata

Annotation

< 8ects

> All o+ the ele)ents can e trned on and o++independently.

Adding Annotation

> *se the 'ra- Toolar to add te4t and graphics. @"electToolar] +ro) the ie- )en to select the 'ra-

Toolar i+ it is not visile.B

> To create a strea) tale, clic on the "trea) Taletton on the 3eslts "))ary "trea)s Materialsheet.

> Annotation o8ects can e attached to +lo-sheetele)ents sch as strea)s or locs.

<4a)ple o+ a "trea) Tale

!eat an" #aterial $alance Ta%le

&trea' *++,-+.T FEE PR+.*T REA*-+.T RE*Y*,E

Te'perature F 3/0/ 22/0/ 3/0 104 3/0

Pre55ure P& 06/ 360// 04/ 04/ 04/

7apor Frac /0/ 0/// /0/// 0/// 0///

#ole Flo8 ,$#+,9!R 032 1/0/// 0:13 032 203:

#a55 Flo8 ,$9!R :02/2 1/4044 1/40442 :02/2 /603

7olu'e Flo8 *.FT9!R /02 610/: :304/ 23310/1 //30412

Enthalpy ##$T.9!R -/0:/ 0:1/ -/03 20//3 /0/23

#ole Flo8 ,$#+,9!R

$E;<E;E 20/33 /0/// 0:13 20/33 /0//

PR+PY,E; 022 /0/// 0:13 022 202

*.#E;E 310/1 310/4 310/1 /0/6:

#ole Frac

$E;<E;E /0/6 /0// /0/4 /0/6 /0/2

PR+PY,E; /0/: /0// /0/4 /0/: /0:/

*.#E;E /01: /0:/6 /01: /0/2:

Adding (loal 'ata

> n the 3eslts ie- sheet -hen selecting ptions +ro)the Tools )en, choose the loc and strea) reslts

that yo -ant displayed as (loal 'ata.

> %hec (loal 'ata on the ie- )en to display thedata on the +lo-sheet.

Te'perature (F)

Pre55ure (p5i)

Flo8 Rate (l%9hr)

= uty ($tu9hr)

3<A%T3

3<%G%<

3<A%&*T

S&2/92/99

%&*T "<!

!3'*%T

*sing !' Mode

> In this )ode, yo can add or delete nit operation iconsto the +lo-sheet +or rap0ical prposes only.

> *sing !' )ode )eans that yo can change +lo-sheetconnectivity to )atch that o+ yor plant.

> !'&style dra-ing is co)pletely separate +ro) the

graphical si)lation +lo-sheet. Go )st retrn tosi)lation )ode i+ yo -ant to )ae a change to theactal si)lation +lo-sheet.

> !' Mode is indicated y the A=a order arond the+lo-sheet.

<4a)ples o+ 5hen to *se !' Mode

> In the si)lation +lo-sheet, it )ay e necessary to se)ore than one nit operation loc to )odel a single

piece o+ e=ip)ent in a plant.or e4a)ple, a reactor -ith a li=id prodct and a vent )ayneed to e )odeled sing an 3"toic reactor and a lash2loc. In the report, only one nit operation icon is needed to

represent the nit in the plant.

> n the other hand, so)e pieces o+ e=ip)ent )ay notneed to e e4plicitly )odeled in the si)lation+lo-sheet.

or e4a)ple, p)ps are +re=ently not )odeled in the

si)lation +lo-sheetW the pressre change can e neglected orinclded in another nit operation loc.

Annotation 5orshopObecti!e: Use annotation to create a #rocess $lo% dia"ram$or the c0cloheDane $lo%sheet

Part A:*sing the cyclohe4ane prodction 5orshop @saved as%G%:<;.#!B, display all strea) and loc gloal data.

Part B:

Add a title to the +lo-sheet diagra).

Part C:

Add a strea) tale to the +lo-sheet diagra).

Part D:

*sing !' Mode, add a p)p +or the #LIH strea) +or graphicalprposes only.

Potential

Reach Your

<sti)ation o+ !hysical !roperties

2/0Introdction to Aspen !ls

Objectives:

!rovide an overvie- o+ esti)ating physical propertypara)eters in Aspen !ls

> User Guide' %hapter 0, <sti)ating !roperty !ara)eters

> Reference &anual' ol)e 2, P0#sical Propert# &et0ods

and &odels' %hapter $

5hat is !roperty <sti)ation?> !roperty <sti)ation is a syste) to esti)ate para)eters

re=ired y physical property )odels. It can e sed to

esti)ateF !re co)ponent physical property constants

!ara)eters +or te)peratre&dependent )odels

#inary interaction para)eters +or 5ilson, H3T and

*HI*A% (rop para)eters +or *HIA%

> <sti)ations are ased on grop&contrition )ethods andcorresponding&states correlations.

> <4peri)ental data can e incorporated into esti)ation.

*sing !roperty <sti)ation> !roperty <sti)ation can e sed in t-o -aysF

n a stand&alone asisF !roperty <sti)ation 3n Type

5ithin another 3n TypeF lo-sheet, !roperty Analysis, 'ata 3egression, !3!<3TI<" !*" or

Assay 'ata Analysis

> Go can se !roperty <sti)ation to esti)ate properties +oroth dataan and non&dataan co)ponents.

> !roperty <sti)ation in+or)ation is accessed in theProperties +stimation +older.

<sti)ation Methods and 3e=ire)ents> User Guide' %hapter 0, <sti)ating !roperty !ara)eters,

has a co)plete list o+ properties that can e esti)ated, as-ell as the availale esti)ation )ethods and their

respective re=ire)ents.

> This sa)e in+or)ation is also availale nder the on&linehelp in the esti)ation +or)s.

"teps or *sing !roperty <sti)ation1. 'e+ine )oleclar strctre on the Properties

&olecular Structure +or).

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 2//Introdction to Aspen !ls

2. <nter any e4peri)ental data sing !ara)eters or'ata +or)s.

<4peri)ental data sch as nor)al oiling point @T#Bis very i)portant +or )any esti)ation )ethods. It

shold e entered -henever possile.

. Activate !roperty <sti)ation and choose propertyesti)ation options on the Properties +stimation Input

<4a)ple o+ 'e+ining Moleclar "trctre> <4a)ple o+ de+ining )oleclar strctre +or isotyl

alcohol sing the general )ethod

"etch the strctre o+ the )olecle, and assign an)er to each ato), o)itting hydrogen.

<4a)ple o+ 'e+ining Moleclar "trctre> (o to the Properties &olecular Structure 8ect Manager '

choose the co)ponent, and select <dit.

P ti & l l St t G l h t

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 2/$Introdction to Aspen !ls

> n Properties &olecular Structure General sheet,descrie )olecle y its connectivity, t-o ato)s at a ti)e.

Ato) Types> %rrent availale ato) typesF

Ato) Type 'escription Ato) Type 'escription

% % ! !h h

% %aron ! !hosphoros 4ygen Ln LincH Hitrogen (a (alli)" "l+r (e (er)ani)

# #oron As Arsenic"i "ilicon %d %ad)i) lorine "n Tin% %hlorine " Anti)ony

#r #ro)ine :g MercryI Iodine ! ead Al Al)in) #i #is)th

#ond Types> %rrent availale ond typesF

"ingle ond'ole ond

Triple ond

#enCene ring

"atrated &)e)ered ring

"atrated 6&)e)ered ring

"atrated 7&)e)ered ring "atrated hydrocaron chain

HoteF Go )st assign consective ato) n)ers to

#enCene ring, "atrated &)e)ered ring, "atrated 6&)e)ered ring, "atrated 7&)e)ered ring, and"atrated hydrocaron chain onds.

2 < t i t l d t i ! t ' t

2. <nter any e4peri)ental data sing !ara)eters or 'ata+or)s.

<4peri)ental data sch as nor)al oiling point @T#B isvery i)portant +or )any esti)ation )ethods. It

<4a)ple o+ <ntering Additional 'ata> The +ollo-ing data -as otained +or isotyl alcohol.

Hor)al oiling point @T#B S 107.6 %

% iti l t t @T%B 27/ 6 %

%ritical te)peratre @T%B S 27/.6 % %ritical pressre @!%B S / ar

> <nter this data into the si)lation to i)prove theesti)ated vales.

<4a)ple o+ <ntering Additional 'ata> (o to the Properties Parameters Pure Component 8ect

Manager and create a ne- "calar para)eter +or).

<nter the para)eters, the co)ponents, and the vales.

2 < t i t l d t i ! t ' t

2. <nter any e4peri)ental data sing !ara)eters or 'ata+or)s.

<4peri)ental data sch as nor)al oiling point @T#B isvery i)portant +or )any esti)ation )ethods. It

Activating !roperty <sti)ation> To trn on !roperty <sti)ation, go to the Properties

+stimation Input Setup sheet, and select one o+ the+ollo-ingF

<sti)ate all )issing para)eters<sti)ates all )issing re=ired para)eters and anypara)eters yo )ay re=est in the optional !re%o)ponent, T&'ependent, #inary, and *HIA%&(ropsheets

<sti)ate only the selected para)eters<sti)ates on the para)eter types yo select on thissheet @and then speci+y on the appropriate additionalsheetsB

!roperty <sti)ation Hotes> Go can save yor property data speci+ications,

strctres, and esti)ates as acp +iles, and i)portthe) into other si)lations @lo-sheet, 'ata 3egression,! t A l i A ' t A l i 3 T B

!roperty Analysis, or Assay 'ata Analysis 3n&Types.B

!roperty <sti)ation 5orshop (Continued)

> pen a ne- rn, and change the 3n Type on the Setup SpecificationsGlobal sheet to !roperty <sti)ation.

> <nter a ne- non&dataan co)ponent as %o)ponent I' 'IM<3, on theComponents Specifications Selection sheet.

n the Properties &olecular Structure 8ect Manager select 'IM<3

> n the Properties &olecular Structure 8ect Manager, select 'IM<3and clic <dit.

> n the General sheet, enter the strctre.> (o to the Properties Parameters Pure Component 8ect Manager and

create a scalar para)eter +or).> <nter the nor)al oiling point @T#B o+ 'IM<3 as 19 %.

> 3n the esti)ation, and e4a)ine the reslts.> Hote that the reslts o+ the esti)ation are ato)atically -ritten to

para)eters +or)s, +or se in other si)lations.> %hange the 3n Type ac to lo-sheet on the Setup Specifications

Global sheet.> (o to the Properties +stimation Input Setup sheet, and choose 'o not

esti)ate any para)eters.> Ho-, it is possile to add a +lo-sheet and se this co)ponent.

> "ave this +ile as !%<".#!.

Potential

Reach Your

<lectrolytes

Objective:

Introdce the electrolyte capailities in Aspen !ls

>User Guide, %hapter 6, "peci+ying %o)ponents

>Reference &anual , ol)e 2, %hapter , <lectrolyte "i)lations

<lectrolytes <4a)ples

> "oltions -ith acids, ases or salts

"or -ater soltions

> "or -ater soltions

> A=eos a)ines or hot caronate +or gas s-eetening

%haracteristics o+ an <lectrolyte "yste)

> "o)e )oleclar species dissociate partially orco)pletely into ions in a li=id solvent

> i=id phase reactions are al-ays at che)icale=iliri)

> !resence o+ ions in the li=id phase re=ires non&ideal

soltion ther)odyna)ics

> !ossile salt precipitation

Types o+ %o)ponents

> "olvents & "tandard )oleclar species

Methanol

Acetic Acid

> "olle (ases & :enryJs a- co)ponents

Hitrogen

%aron 'io4ide

Types o+ %o)ponents (Continued)

> Ions & "pecies -ith a charge

e@%HB6&

> "alts & <ach precipitated salt is a ne- pre co)ponent.

Ha%l@sB

%a%@sB

%a"/>2:2 @gyps)B

Ha2%>Ha:% >2:2 @tronaB

Apparent and Tre %o)ponents

> Tre co)ponent approach

3eslt reported in ter)s o+ the ions, salts and

)oleclar species present a+ter considering soltion

)oleclar species present a+ter considering soltionche)istry

> Apparent co)ponent approach

3eslts reported in ter)s o+ ase co)ponents present

e+ore considering soltion che)istry Ions and precipitated salts cannot e apparent

co)ponents

"peci+ications )st e )ade in ter)s o+ apparent

co)ponents and not in ter)s o+ ions or solid salts

X 3eslts are e=ivalent.

Apparent and Tre %o)ponents <4a)ple

> Ha%l in -ater

"oltion che)istryH %l H %l

"oltion che)istry> Ha%l &&Q HaP P %l&

> HaP P %l& T&&Q Ha%l@sB

Apparent co)ponents

> :2, Ha%l

Tre co)ponentsF

> :2, HaP, %l&, Ha%l@sB

<lectrolyte 5iCard> (enerates ne- co)ponents @ions and solid saltsB

> 3evises the !re co)ponent dataan search order so

that the +irst dataan searched is no- A"!<H!%'

that the +irst dataan searched is no- A"!<H!%'.

> (enerates reactions a)ong co)ponents

> "ets the !roperty )ethod to <<%H3T

> %reates a :enryJs %o)ponent list

> 3etrieves para)eters +or

3eaction e=iliri) constant vales

"alt solility para)eters

<<%H3T interaction para)eters

:enryJs constant correlation para)eters

<lectrolyte 5iCard (Continued)

> (enerated che)istry can e )odi+ied. "i)pli+ying the%he)istry can )ae the si)lation )ore rost and

decrease e4ection ti)e

decrease e4ection ti)e.

X HoteF It is the serJs responsiility to ensre that the%he)istry is representative o+ the actal che)icalsyste).

"i)pli+ying the %he)istry

> Typical )odi+ications incldeF

Adding to the list o+ :enryJs co)ponents

<li)inating irrelevant salt precipitation reactions

<li)inating irrelevant species

Adding species andor reactions that are not in the

electrolytes e4pert syste) dataase <li)inating irrelevant e=iliri) reactions

i)itations o+ <lectrolytes

> 3estrictions sing the Tre co)ponent approachF

i=id&li=id e=iliri) cannot e calclated.

The +ollo-ing )odels )ay not e sedF

> <=iliri) reactorsF 3(is and 3<=il

> inetic reactorsF 3!lg, 3%"T3, and 3#atch

> "hortct distillationF 'istl, 'st- and "%rac> 3igoros distillationF Mltirac and !etrorac

i)itations o+ <lectrolytes (Continued)

> 3estrictions sing the Apparent co)ponent approachF

%he)istry )ay not contain any volatile species on

the right side o+ the reactions

the right side o+ the reactions.

%he)istry +or li=id&li=id e=iliri) )ay notcontain dissociation reactions.

Inpt speci+ication cannot e in ter)s o+ ions or solidsalts.

<lectrolyte 'e)onstrationObecti!e: Create a $lo%sheet )sin" electrol0tes.

%reate a si)ple +lo-sheet to )i4 and +lash t-o +eed strea)s containing

a=eos electrolytes. *se the <lectrolyte 5iCard to generate the%h i t

a=eos electrolytes. *se the <lectrolyte 5iCard to generate the%he)istry.

A":MI;<'

MI;HA:

Te)p S 2 %!res S 1 ar 10 )olhr :2

1 )olhr :%l

Te)p S 2 %!res S 1 ar 10 )olhr :21.1 )olhr Ha:

!&drop S 0 Adiaatic

Isoaric

Molar vapor +raction S 0.7

"teps +or *sing <lectrolytes1. "peci+y the possile apparent co)ponents on the

%o)ponents "peci+ications "election sheet.

2 %lic on the <lec 5iCard tton to generate co)ponents

2. %lic on the <lec 5iCard tton to generate co)ponentsand reactions +or electrolyte syste)s. There are / stepsF

"tep 1F 'e+ine ase co)ponents and select reactiongeneration options.

"tep 2F 3e)ove any ndesired species or reactions +ro)the generated list.

"tep F "elect si)lation approach +or electrolytecalclations.

"tep /F 3evie- physical properties speci+ications and)odi+y the generated :enry co)ponents list and reactions.

<lectrolyte 5orshopObecti!e: Create a $lo%sheet )sin" electrol0tes.

%reate a si)ple +lo-sheet to )odel the treat)ent o+ a sl+ric acid

-aste -ater strea) sing li)e @%alci) :ydro4ideB. *se the

-aste -ater strea) sing li)e @%alci) :ydro4ideB. *se the<lectrolyte 5iCard to generate the %he)istry. *se the tre co)ponent

approach.

5A"T<5AT

IM<I*I'

Te)peratre S 2%!ressre S 1 ar lo-rate S 10 )olhr

)oleR li)e @calci) hydro4ideB soltion

Te)peratre S 2%!ressre S 1 ar

lo-rate S 10 )olhr R sl+ric acid soltion

Te)peratre S 2%!&drop S 0

Note: Remo!e $rom the chemistr0:

CaSO=*s

CaSO=9:2&:>*s

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: EEC.BKP

Potential

Reach Your

"olids :andling

27/Introdction to Aspen !ls

Objective:

!rovide an overvie- o+ the solid handling capailities

> User Guide' %hapter 6, "peci+ying %o)ponents

> Reference &anual' ol)e 2, P0#sical Propert# &et0ods

and &odels' %hapter

%lasses o+ %o)ponents> %onventional %o)ponents

apor and li=id co)ponents

"olid salts in soltion che)istry

> %onventional Inert "olids @%I "olidsB

"olids that are inert to phase e=iliri) and salt

precipitationsolility

> Honconventional "olids @H% "olidsB

:eterogeneos sstances inert to phase, salt, and

che)ical e=iliri) that cannot e represented -ith

a )oleclar strctre

"peci+ying %o)ponent Type> 5hen speci+ying co)ponents on the Components

Specifications Selection sheet, choose the appropriate

co)ponent type in the Type col)n.

co)ponent type in the Type col)n. %onventional & %onventional %o)ponents

"olid & %onventional Inert "olids

Honconventional & Honconventional "olids

%onventional %o)ponents> %o)ponents participate in vapor and li=id e=iliri)

along -ith salt and che)ical e=iliri).

> %o)ponents have a )oleclar -eight

> %o)ponents have a )oleclar -eight.

e** !ater' nitroen' o5#en' sodium c0loride' sodium

ions' c0loride ions

.ocated in t0e &I6+% substream

%onventional Inert "olids @%I "olidsB> %o)ponents are inert to phase e=iliri) and salt

precipitationsolility.

> %he)ical e=iliri) and reaction -ith conventional

> %he)ical e=iliri) and reaction -ith conventionalco)ponents is possile.

> %o)ponents have a )oleclar -eight.

e** carbon' sulfur

.ocated in t0e CISO.I% substream

Honconventional "olids @H% "olidsB> %o)ponents are inert to phase, salt or che)ical

e=iliri).

> %he)ical reaction -ith conventional and %I "olid

> %he)ical reaction -ith conventional and %I "olidco)ponents is possile.

> %o)ponents are heterogeneos sstances and do not

have a )oleclar -eight.

e** coal' c0ar' as0' !ood pulp

.ocated in t0e 7C Solid substream

%o)ponent Attrites> %o)ponent attrites typically represent the co)position

o+ a co)ponent in ter)s o+ so)e set o+ identi+iale

constitents

> %o)ponent attrites can e

Assigned y the ser

InitialiCed in strea)s

Modi+ied in nit operation )odels

> %o)ponent attrites are carried in the )aterial strea).

>!roperties o+ nonconventional co)ponents are calclatedy the physical property syste) sing co)ponentattrites.

%o)ponent Attrite 'escriptions

"olid !roperties> or conventional co)ponents and conventional solids

<nthalpy, entropy, +ree energy and )olar vol)e are

co)pted.

p!roperty )odels in the !roperty Method speci+ied onthe Properties Specification Global sheet are sed.

> or nonconventional solids

<nthalpy and )olar vol)e are co)pted.

!roperty )odels are speci+ied on the Properties

Ad,anced 7C3Props +or).

"olids !roperties & %onventional "olidsFor Enthal#0' Free Ener"0' Entro#0 and Heat Ca#acit0

> Barin E)ations

"ingle para)eter set +or all properties

g p p p Mltiple para)eter sets )ay e availale +or selected

te)peratre ranges

ist IH3(AHI% dataan e+ore "I'"

> Con!entional E)ations

%o)ines heat o+ +or)ation and +ree energies o++or)ation -ith heat capacity )odels

Aspen !ls and 'I!!3 )odel para)eters

ist "I'" dataan e+ore IH3(AHI%

"olids !roperties & %onventional "olids> Solid Heat Ca#acit0

:eat capacity polyno)ial )odel

C C C T C T C T

oS = + + + + + 2 32

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 2$/Introdction to Aspen !ls

*sed to calclate enthalpy, entropy and +ree energy

!ara)eter na)eF %!"!01

> Solid Molar ?ol)me

ol)e polyno)ial )odel

*sed to calclate density

!ara)eter na)eF "!G

V C C T C T C T C T S = + + + + 2 3

"olids !roperties & Honconventional "olids> Enthal#0

(eneral heat capacity polyno)ial )odelF <HT:(<H

*ses a )ass +raction -eighted average

#ased on the (<HAHA attrite

!ara)eter na)eF :%(<H

> -ensit0

(eneral density polyno)ial )odelF 'H"TG(<H

*ses a )ass +raction -eighted average

#ased on the (<HAHA attrite !ara)eter na)eF '<H(<H

"olids !roperties & "pecial Models +or %oal> Enthal#0

%oal enthalpy )odelF :%A(<H

#ased on the *TAHA, !3;AHA and

,"*AHA attrites

> -ensit0

%oal density )odelF '%AI(T

#ased on the *TAHA, !3;AHA and"*AHA attrites

#ilt&in Material "trea) %lasses

O syste) de+alt

*nit peration Models> Aeneral Princi#les

Material strea)s o+ any class are accepted.

The sa)e strea) class shold e sed +or inlet andtl t t @ ti Mi d %l%h B

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 2$$Introdction to Aspen !ls

otlet strea)s @e4ceptionsF Mi4er and %l%hngB.

Attrites @co)ponents or sstrea)B not recogniCedare passed naltered throgh the loc.

"o)e )odels allo- speci+ications +or eachsstrea) present @e4a)plesF "ep, 3"toicB.

In vapor&li=id separation, solids leave -ith the li=id.

*nless other-ise speci+ied, otlet solid sstrea)s

are in ther)al e=iliri) -ith the MI;<' sstrea).

"olids 5orshop 1Obecti!e: Model a con!entional solids dr0er.

'ry "i2 +ro) a -ater content o+ 0.R to 0.1R sing air.

HotesF %hange the "trea) class type toF MI;%I"'.

!t the "i2 in the %I"I' sstrea).

The pressre and te)peratre has to e the sa)e in all thes&strea)s o+ a strea).

"olids 5orshop 1 (Continued)

AIR-OUT

Te)p S 190 !res S 1/.7 psialo- S 1 l)olhr

0.79 )oleR H2

0.21 )oleR 2

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: SO,-&K9.BKP

Te)p S 70 !res S 1/.7 psia

99 lhr "i2

lhr :2

F,A&!2

!ressre 'rop S 0 Adiaatic

'esign speci+icationF99.9 -t.R "i2

Use the SO,-S Pro#ert0 Method

"olids 5orshop 2Obecti!e: Use the solids )nit o#erations to model the

#artic)late remo!al $rom a $eed o$ "asi$ier o$$ "ases.

The processing o+ gases containing s)all =antities o+ particlate

May 7, 2016 Introdction to Aspen !lsMay 7, 2016 "lide 291!rocess "i)lation -ith A"!<H !*"

The processing o+ gases containing s)all =antities o+ particlate)aterials is rendered di++iclt y the tendency o+ the particlates tointer+ere -ith )ost operations @e.g., sr+ace erosion, +oling, plgging o+ori+ices and pacingB. It is there+ore necessary to re)ove )ost o+ the

particlate )aterials +ro) the gaseos strea). arios options areavailale +or this prpose @%yclone, #ag&+ilter, entri&screr, and an<lectrostatic precipitatorB and their particlate separation e++iciency cane changed y varying their design and operating conditions. The +inalchoice o+ e=ip)ent is a alance et-een the technical per+or)anceand the cost associated -ith sing a particlar nit.

In this -orshop, varios options +or re)oving particlates +ro) thesyngas otained y coal gasi+ication are co)pared.

Te)p S 60 %!res S 1 ar (as lo-rate S 1000 )olhr

Ash lo-rate S 200 ghr

%o)position @)ole&+racB % 0.19

%2 0.20

Te)p S /0 %

!res S 1 ar 5ater lo-rate S 700 )olhr

'esign Mode:igh <++iciency"eparation <++iciency S 0.9

'esign Mode

5hen +inished, save as+ilena)eF"I'52.#!

&"%3*#<<'

&"%3*#

(&"%3*#

"&"%3*#

%2 0.20 :2 0.0 :2" 0.02 2 0.0 %:/ 0.01 :2 0.0 H2 0.

"2 0.10

!article siCe distrition @!"'B"iCe li)it -t. R^)_ 0& // 0//& 6 106&90 2090&10 1

10&200 10

200&2$0 1 'esign ModeMa4. !res. 'rop S 0.0/$ ar

'esign Mode"eparation <++iciency S 0.9'ielectric constant S 1.

'esign Mode"eparation <++iciency S 0.9

> %oal ash is )ainly clay and heavy )etal o4ides andcan e considered a non&conventional co)ponent.

> :%A(<H and '%AI(T can e sed to calclate

the enthalpy and )aterial density o+ ash sing thelti)ate, pro4i)ate, and sl+r analyses @*TAHA,!3;AHA, "*AHAB. These are speci+ied on the

!roperties Advanced H%&!rops +or).

> The !"' li)its can e changed on the "etp"strea)s !"' +or).

> *se the I'<A !roperty Method.

Potential

Reach Your

pti)iCation

Objective:

Introdce the opti)iCation capaility in Aspen !ls

Related Topics:

pti)iCation> *sed to )a4i)iCe)ini)iCe an o8ective +nction

> 8ective +nction is e4pressed in ter)s o+ +lo-sheet

variales and In&ine ortran.

> pti)iCation can have Cero or )ore constraints.

> %onstraints can e e=alities or ine=alities.

> pti)iCation is located nder $%ata$&odel Anal#sis

-ools$Optimi2ation

> %onstraint speci+ication is nder $%ata$&odel Anal#sis-ools$Constraint

pti)iCation <4a)ple

RE>C<OR>' B

> 6 B ++ C 6 - 6 E

or an e4isting reactor, +ind the reactor te)peratre andinlet a)ont o+ reactant A that )a4i)iCes the pro+it +ro) thisreactor. The reactor can only handle a )a4i)) coolingload o+ .

-esired Prod)ct C 9.73 4 lbB0+#rod)ct - 3.99 4 lb&aste Prod)ct E + 3.23 4lb PRO-UC<

>' B' C' -' E

pti)iCation <4a)ple (Cont*)

> 5hat are the )easred @sa)pledB variales?

tlet +lo-rates o+ co)ponents %, ', <

> 5hat is the o8ective +nction to e )a4i)iCed?

1.0O@lhr %B P 0.11O@lhr 'B & 0.20O@lhr <B

> 5hat is the constraint?

The calclated dty o+ the reactor can not e4ceed .

> 5hat are the )aniplated @variedB variales?

3eactor te)peratre

Inlet a)ont o+ reactant A

"teps +or *sing pti)iCation1. Identi+y )easred @sa)pledB variales.

These are the +lo-sheet variales sed to calclate

the o8ective +nction @Optimi2ation %efine sheetB.2 " i+ 8 ti + ti @ i B

2. "peci+y o8ective +nction @e4pressionB.

This is the ortran e4pression that -ill e )a4i)iCedor )ini)iCed @Optimi2ation Ob8ecti,e 9 Constraints

sheetB.

. "peci+y )a4i)iCation or )ini)iCation o+ o8ective+nction @Optimi2ation Ob8ecti,e 9 Constraints sheetB.

"teps +or *sing pti)iCation (Cont*)

/."peci+y constraints @optionalB.

These are the constraints sed dring the opti)iCation

@Optimi2ation Ob8ecti,e 9 Constraints sheetB.

."peci+y )aniplated @variedB variales.

These are the variales that the opti)iCation loc -illchange to )a4i)iCe)ini)iCe the o8ective +nction@Optimi2ation ar# sheetB.

6."peci+y onds +or )aniplated @variedB variales.

These are the lo-er and pper onds -ithin -hich tovary the )aniplated variale @Optimi2ation ar# sheetB.

Hotes (Cont*)

/. <=ality constraints -ithin an opti)iCation are si)ilar todesign speci+ications.

. I+ an opti)iCation does not converge, rn sensitivity

stdies -ith the sa)e )aniplated variales as theopti)iCation, to ensre that the o8ective +nction is notdiscontinos -ith respect to any o+ the )aniplated

variales.

6. pti)iCation locs also have convergence locsassociated -ith the). Any general techni=es sed -ith

convergence locs can e sed i+ the opti)iCation doesnot converge.

pti)iCation 5orshopObecti!e: O#timie steam )sa"e $or a #rocess.

The +lo-sheet sho-n elo- is part o+ a 'ichloro&Methane solvent

recovery syste). The t-o +lashes, T5<31 and T5<32, are rnadiaatically at 19.7 and 1$.7 psia respectively. The strea) <<'

contains 1/00 lhr o+ 'ichloro&Methane and 9$600 lhr o+ -ater at

100o and 2/ psia. "et p the si)lation as sho-n elo-, and )ini)iCe

the total sage o+ stea) in strea)s "T<AM1 and "T<AM2, oth o+ -hich

contain satrated stea) at 200 psi. The )a4i)) allo-aleconcentration o+ 'ichloro&Methane in the strea) <*<HT +ro)

T5<32 is 10 pp) @)assB to -ithin a tolerance o+ a tenth o+ a pp).

*se the H3T !roperty Method. *se onds o+ 1000 lhr to 20,000

lhr +or the +lo-rate o+ the t-o stea) strea)s. Mae sre strea) +lo-s

are reported in )ass +lo- and )ass +raction nits e+ore rnning. 3e+erto the Hotes slides +or so)e hints on the previos page i+ there are

prole)s converging the opti)iCation.

pti)iCation 5orshop (Cont*)

S<E>M9

<O&ER9

5hen +inished, saveas

+ilena)eF !T.#!

S<E>M9

EFFUEN<

S<E>M2

<O&ER9

<O&ER2

Potential

Reach Your

3adrac %onvergence

Objective:

Introdce the convergence algorith)s andinitialiCation strategies availale in 3adrac

Unit Operation &odels' %hapter /, %ol)ns

3adrac %onvergence Methods3adrac provides a variety o+ convergence )ethods +orsolving separation prole)s. <ach convergence )ethodrepresents a convergence algorith) and an initialiCation

)ethod. The +ollo-ing convergence )ethods are availaleF

> "tandard @de+altB

> !etrole) 5ide&#oiling

> "trongly non&ideal li=id

> ACeotropic

> %ryogenic

> %sto)

Method Algorith) InitialiCation

"tandard "tandard "tandard

!etrole) 5ide&oiling ")&3ates "tandard

%onvergence Methods @continedB

!etrole) 5ide oiling ") 3ates "tandard

"trongly non&ideal li=id Honideal "tandard

ACeotropic He-ton ACeotropic

%ryogenic "tandard %ryogenic

%sto) select any select any

3adrac %onvergence Algorith)s3adrac provides +or convergence algorith)sF

> "tandard @-ith AsorerSGes or HoB

> ")&3ates

") 3ates

> Honideal

> He-ton

"tandard Algorith)The "tandard @de+alt, AsorerSHoB algorith)F

>*ses the original inside&ot +or)lation

> Is e++ective and +ast +or )ost prole)s

> "olves design speci+ications in a )iddle loop

> May have di++iclties -ith e4tre)ely -ide&oiling orhighly non&ideal )i4tres

"tandard Algorith) (Continued)

The "tandard algorith) -ith AsorerSGesF

>*ses a )odi+ied +or)lation si)ilar to the classicals)&rates algorith)

> Applies to asorers and strippers only

> :as +ast convergence

> "olves design speci+ications in a )iddle loop

> May have di++iclties -ith highly non&ideal )i4tres

")&3ates Algorith)The ")&3ates algorith)F

>*ses a )odi+ied +or)lation si)ilar to the classicals)&rates algorith)

> "olves design speci+ications si)ltaneosly -ith thecol)n&descriing e=ations

> Is e++ective and +ast +or -ide oiling )i4tres andprole)s -ith )any design speci+ications

> May have di++iclties -ith highly non&ideal )i4tres

He-ton Algorith)The He-ton algorith)F

> Is a classic i)ple)entation o+ the He-ton )ethod

> "olves all col)n&descriing e=ations si)ltaneosly

> *ses the dogleg strategy o+ !o-ell to stailiCeconvergence

> %an solve design speci+ications si)ltaneosly or in anoter loop

> :andles non&ideality -ell, -ith e4cellent convergence inthe vicinity o+ the soltion

> Is reco))ended +or aCeotropic distillation col)ns

apor&i=id&i=id %alclationsGo can se the "tandard, He-ton and Honideal algorith)s

+or &phase apor&i=id&i=id syste)s. n the Radrac

Setup Confiuration sheet, select apor&i=id&i=id inthe alid !hases +ield.

apor&i=id&i=id calclationsF

> :andle col)n calclations involving t-o li=id phases

rigorosly> :andle decanters

> "olve design speci+ications singF

<ither the si)ltaneos @de+altB loop or the )iddle

loop approach +or the He-ton algorith) The )iddle loop approach +or all other algorith)s

%onvergence Method "election (Continued)

or apor&i=id&i=id syste)sF

> "tart y selecting apor&i=id&i=id in the alid!hases +ield o+ the Radrac Setup Confiuration sheetand se the "tandard convergence )ethod

and se the "tandard convergence )ethod.

> I+ the "tandard )ethod +ails, try the %sto) )ethod

-ith the Honideal or the He-ton algorith).

3adrac InitialiCation Method"tandard is the de+alt InitialiCation )ethod +or 3adrac.This )ethodF

> !er+or)s +lash calclations on co)posite +eed to otainaverage vapor and li=id co)positions

average vapor and li=id co)positions

> Ass)es a constant co)position pro+ile

> <sti)ates te)peratre pro+iles ased on le andde- point te)peratres o+ co)posite +eed

"pecialiCed InitialiCation Methodsor specialiCed InitialiCation )ethods are availale.

*seF orF

%rde 5ide oiling syste)s -ith

%rde 5ide oiling syste)s -ith)lti&dra- col)ns

%he)ical Harro- oiling che)ical syste)s

ACeotropic ACeotropic distillation col)ns

%ryogenic %ryogenic applications

<sti)ates3adrac does not sally re=ire esti)ates +orte)peratre, +lo- and co)position pro+iles.

3adrac )ay re=ireF

> T t ti t +i t t i l i +

> Te)peratre esti)ates as a +irst trial in case o+convergence prole)s

> i=id andor vapor +lo- esti)ates +or the separation o+-ide oiling )i4tres.

> %o)position esti)ates +or highly non&ideal, e4tre)ely-ide&oiling @+or e4a)ple, hydrogen&richB, aCeotropicdistillation or vapor&li=id&li=id syste)s.

%o)position <sti)atesThe +ollo-ing e4a)ple illstrates the need +or co)positionesti)ates in an e4tre)ely -ide&oiling point syste)F

3adrac %onvergence 5orshop:%l col)n rating

eedF %o)ponent Mass+raclo- rate 260000 lhr :ydrogen&%hloride 0.19

Te)peratre 1 inyl&%hloride 0.!ressre 170 psia 1,2&di%hloroethane 0./70

%ol)nF "tages P condenser P reoiler !ressre 16$ psia @condB, 17/ psia @reB<sti)ated 33S0.7

'FS1.0 @ased on :%lB, all vapor distillate

TraysF %ol)n dia)eter 7 +tTrays 66 +loat valve [ 0R e++iciency, 2 +lo- passesTray spacing 1$ in5eir height 2 inalve density 12 nitss=+t'o-nco)erF %learance 1. in

5idth $.7 in @sideB, 7.1 in @centerB

3adrac %onvergence 5orshop (Continued)

%alclationF

> "i)late the :%l col)n sing 3adrac and se the

")&3ates convergence )ethod.

> *se the !eng&3oinson e=ation o+ state to representthe physical properties.

3adrac %onvergence 5orshop (Continued)

3esltsF

> !lot li=id co)position pro+iles +or all co)ponents.

> !lot the te)peratre pro+ile.

> 5hat are the condenser and reoiler dties?

> 'isplay co)ponent split +ractions a)ong prodcts.

> 5hich is the li)iting stage -ith regard to 8et +looding?

> 5hat stage has the )a4i)) '% acptray spacingratio?

> 5hat is the predicted pressre drop +or the section?

Potential

Reach Your

<4ternal ortran

Objectives:

earn ho- to se e4ternal ortran -hich is an open

earn ho- to se e4ternal ortran -hich is an openand e4tensive csto)iCation capaility

> Reference &anual' ol)e 6, User &odels

<4ternal ortran Application Types> User O#eration

*nits not represented y standard locs

> Kinetic Modelsinetic reactors or reactive distillation

> Pro#ert0 Models

!re and )i4tre, activity )odels, , ser e=ations&o+&state

> Unit O#eration C)stomiation

3eactor heat trans+er, col)n hydralics, MT' correction

> C)stomied Re#orts

*ser&de+ined strea) report, ser loc reports, "))ary ileToolit

"pporting ra)e-or> Ph0sical Pro#ert0 Monitors

<asy access to physical properties calclated y !roperty Method

assigned to loc or +lo-sheet section.

> S0stem ?ariables

"i)pli+ies inter+ace, si)lation control, and diagnostics

> Utilit0 Ro)tines

"i)pli+ies hoseeeping, error reporting, ser )essages

> F)nctions

<asy access to physical property para)eters, !<; data,si)lation control variales

Ther)odyna)ic Monitors> Aeneral Phase Monitors

@T:3M, MT:3M, T:3M, T:3MG, "T:3M, "MT:3MB

>Mltiple properties can e calclated at sa)e ti)e

@)ore e++icient +or e=ations&o+&stateB

> !roperties are re=ested sing +lags i e : !:I

!roperties are re=ested sing +lags, i.e. :, !:I

> %o)ponents )st e paced

>K ?al)e *K? and K

> Enthal#0 *EN<H?' EN<H' EN<HS

> ?ol)me *?O?' ?O' ?OS

> F)"acit0 *FUA?' FUA' FUAS

> ,deal Aas *,-A>S

Transport MonitorsMiDt)re Pro#erties $or Pac(ed Com#onents

> ?iscosit0 *?,SC?' ?,SC

> <hermal Cond)cti!it0 *<CON?' <CON' <CONS

> -i$$)sion Coe$$icients *-,FCO?' -,FCO

> S)r$ace <ension *SRF<N

"yste) ariales > NHS<R' NRP<' N<ERM *Common User

ortran logical nit n)ers

I.e. 5rite@Hhstry, 10B

> ,P>SS *Common User

I.e. "ppress si)lation error )essages i+ I!A"" (T

> Common 4PE4 B*9E)i!alence *B*9' ,B*9

I.e. # re+erence is sed +or real data I# re+erence is sed +or integer data sch as pointers

> NCC' NNCC *Common Ncom#

"trea) ectors-0namicall0 dimensioned stream arra0

ie. 'IM<H"IH "IH1@1B

%o)ponent Mole lo-s @1 to H%%, )olsecB

Total Mole lo- @)olsecB

Te)peratre @B

!ressre @H)2B

Mass <nthalpy @UgB

apor raction

i=id raction

Mass <ntropy @Ug&B

Mass 'ensity @g)BMoleclar 5eight @g)olB

*tility nctions> ,FCMNC

3etrns !le4 para)eter o++set to para)eter data

I.e. IM5S I%MH%@YM5JB

> KFORMC and KCC,-C

3etrns co)ponent inde4

I.e. IH2S 3M%@YH2JB 4H2)-S #@IM5PIH2B

>,RRCHK

%hec error against diagnostic level +or reporting

*tility 3otines> Call Pac(*Strm!ec' Nc#' P!ec' !ec' <Flo%

> %onverts strea) vector to contain only co)ponents

that are present.

> &R<<RM

> !asses otpt te4t to the %ontrol !anel or Ter)inal.

> *sed -ith %o))on MA;53T.

Integrating <4ternal ortran> *se A"!%M! to co)pile.

> All o8ect +iles in -oring directory are ato)aticallylined.

> %M! and ' diagnostic +iles.

> '!T +ile can e sed to list na)e and location o+ allo8ect +iles.

*pgrading ortran to Aspen !ls 10 > All ser ortran srotines )st e converted.

> A conversion tility is delivered -ith ersion 10

@A!9T10B

> The conversion tility -ill convert oth ser ortran

The conversion tility -ill convert oth ser ortransrotines and in&line ortran code.

> In&line ortran can only e converted +ro) inpt +iles, not+ro) acp or inary +iles.

Potential

Reach Your

inyl %hloride Mono)er @%MB 5orshop

/Introdction to Aspen !ls

%M 5orshop

inyl chloride )ono)er @%MB is prodced throgh a high pressre,

non&catalytic process involving the pyrolysis o+ 1,2&dichloroethane@<'%B according to the +ollo-ing reaction

%: %l %: %l :%l P %:%lS%:

Obecti!e: Set )# a $lo%sheet o$ a ?CM #rocess )sin" thetools learned in the co)rse.

%:2%l&%:2%l :%l P %:%lS%:2

The cracing o+ <'% occrs at 00 % and 0 ar in a direct +ired+rnace. 1000 )olhr o+ pre <'% +eed enters the reactor at 20 % and0 ar. <'% conversion in the reactor is )aintained at R. The hotgases +ro) the reactor are scooled y 10 degrees e+ore+ractionation.

T-o distillation col)ns are sed +or the pri+ication o+ the %Mprodct. In the +irst col)n, anhydros :%l is re)oved overhead andsent to the o4y chlorination nit. In the second col)n, %M prodct isre)oved overhead and the otto)s strea) containing nreacted <'%is recycled ac to the +rnace. verheads +ro) oth col)ns arere)oved as satrated li=ids. The :% col)n is rn at 2 ar and the%M col)n is rn at $ ar. *se the 3&"A< !roperty Method.

%M 5orshop (Cont*)

/// >'ol9hr E*2/*

3/ %ar <<'

3<A%T*T %*T %1

R&toic #o"el !eater #o"elRa"Frac #o"el

Ra"Frac #o"el

CH2Cl+CH2Cl HCl 6 CHClCH2

3<%G%IH

3<A%T*T

3<%G%<

%*T %1

%MIH %2

Pu'p #o"el

3/ %ar outlet pre55ure

// *3/ %ar

E* *onv0 ? @

/ "eg * 5u%cooling/0 %ar pre55ure "rop

/ 5tage5Relux ratio ? /0:6:

i5tillate to ee" ratio ? /0/Fee" enter5 a%ove 5tage 6*olu'n pre55ure ? 1 %ar

5tage5

Relux ratio ? 0/12i5tillate to ee" ratio ? /03Fee" enter5 a%ove 5tage 4*olu'n pre55ure ? 2 %ar

&hen $inished' sa!e as$ilename: ?CM.BKPUse RK+SO>?E #ro#ert0 method

%M 5orshop (Cont*)

Part A:

5ith the help o+ the process +lo- diagra) on the previos page, set p a+lo-sheet to si)late the %M process. 5hat are the vales o+ the +ollo-ing=antities?

1. rnace heat dty NNNNNNNN 2. ench cooling dty NNNNNNNN . ench otlet te)peratre NNNNNNNN / %ondenser and 3eoiler dties +or %2

/. %ondenser and 3eoiler dties +or %2 NNNNNNNN . %oncentration o+ %M in the prodct strea) NNNNNNNN

Part B:

Th i + <'% t %M i th + i t 0R d R

Introduction to Aspen Plus Based on Aspen Plus® 10.ppt

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