Introduction to Biology and Populations Ecology JEOPARDY!!

Community 1–

Species Diversity, Dominant Species, Reponse to Disturbances

Community 2- Trophic Structure, Community Interactions

Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

Potpourri

10 10 10 10 10

20 20 20 20 20

30 30 30 30 30

40 40 40 40 40

50 50 50 50 50

10 10 Community 1Community 1

What are the two components of species diversity? (Define, too!)

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(1) Species richness- amount of species present

(2) Species abundance- the amount of organisms that make up each

species, aka “evenness”

Community 1Community 1

2020 Community 1Community 1

Define Keystone Species.

20 20 Community 1Community 1

A species that exerts strong control over a community

because of its niche

3030 Community 1 Community 1

Define climax community.

30 30 Community 1Community 1

The most stable community in the given environment until some

disturbance occurs.

30 30 Community 1Community 1

4040 Community 1 Community 1

A forest is devastated by a forest fire. What may this lead to and why?

40 Community 140 Community 1

*Secondary succession (if soil is intact after fire)

*Increased species diversity overtime.

50 50 Community 1Community 1

List the organism that would give

rise as a result of primary succession in a community

5050

autotrophic prokaryoteslichens, mossesgrassesshrubstreesc

limax communty

Community 1Community 1

1010

The trophic level that supports all others are the…

Community 2

Producers

1010 Community 2

2020

If two different species are If two different species are competing for the same resource, competing for the same resource,

this is called…this is called…

Community 2

Interspecific CompetitionInterspecific Competition

2020 Community 2

3030

List two prey capturing strategiesList two prey capturing strategies

Community 2

*acute senses, mimicry, fast and *acute senses, mimicry, fast and agile, claws, teeth, fangs, etcagile, claws, teeth, fangs, etc

3030 Community 2

4040

Define Coevolution.Define Coevolution.Which community interaction Which community interaction

demonstrates this?demonstrates this?

Community 2

Herbivory- Herbivory- Coevolution occurs when a change in one species acts as a new selective force on another species, and counteradaptation of the second species in turn affects the selection of individuals in the first species.

4040 Community 2

5050

Define the competitive exclusion Define the competitive exclusion principle.principle.

Community 2

5050two species so similar that they compete the same limited resources cannot coexist in the same place.

Community 2

1010 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

Define Ecosystem.

consists of all the organisms in a community as well as the abiotic

environment with which the organisms interact.

1010 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

2020

Define Energy Flow.Define Energy Flow.

Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

the passage of energy through the components of the ecosystem...

2020 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

3030

Why isn’t all of the energy Why isn’t all of the energy transferred from one trophic level to transferred from one trophic level to

the next? Where does it go?the next? Where does it go?

Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

3030 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

Energy is lost as heat through cellular respiration and through wastes.

4040

Explain what is represented Explain what is represented through a Pyramid of Production through a Pyramid of Production

(including units)(including units)

Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

4040 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

*Illustrates the cumulative loss of energy with each transfer in a food chain.*Only about 10% of energy is actually passed on to each trophic level.*measured in joules or calories

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*What is primary *What is primary production?production?

*Which ecosystem *Which ecosystem provides the greatest provides the greatest

primary production for primary production for the biosphere?the biosphere?

Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow

5050 Ecosystems 1-

Energy Flow*is the amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy (organic compounds) by an ecosystem’s producers for a

given area and during a give time period.

*Open ocean

1010 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

What happens to chemicals in an ecosystem that differs from what happens to energy?

1010 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

Chemicals are recycled

2020Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

How do animals get Carbon?How do animals get Carbon?

2020 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

By consuming plants By consuming plants and/or animals that have and/or animals that have consumed plants.consumed plants.

3030 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

What are the abiotic reservoirs for nitrogen?

3030 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

Atmosphere and soil

4040 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

How does Carbon get back How does Carbon get back into the abiotic reservoirs?into the abiotic reservoirs?

4040 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling*Cellular respiration*Combustion

5050 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

How do plants get nitrogen? How do plants get nitrogen? (explain at least two ways)(explain at least two ways)

5050 Ecosystems 2-

Chemical Cycling

PLANTS NEED NITROGEN IN THE FORM OF NO3- (NITRATE!!)*lightning turns N2 to NO3-*Nitrogen-fixing bacteria turn N2 to NH3

and nitrifying bacteria turn NH3 into NO3-*decomposers produce NH3 when they consume deadorganisms, which will be turned into NO3- by nitrifying bacteria*wastes contain NH3, which will be turned into NO3- bynitrifying bacteria.

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My name is Bond, Ionic Bond;Taken, not shared!

CellsCells

10 Population Growth

From: Mariano Cecowski <MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar>

Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in Alaska fall into the waterwhich one disolves faster?

A: The one in Alaska because it is

HIJKLMNO

10 Population Growth

Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson.

Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room he's in.

Urine - The opposite of "You're out!"Benign: What we want when we are eight.

Intestine - Currently taking an exam

CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing

TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport

1010 Potpourri

Barnacles that attach to whales describes what kind of symbiotic relationship?

1010 Potpourri

Commensalism (one benefits while the other is unaffected)

1010 Population Growth

2020 Potpourri

What causes a surface runoff?

Precipitation to land exceeding evaporation from Precipitation to land exceeding evaporation from land.land.

2020 Potpourri

3030 Potpourri

What is resource partitioning and What is resource partitioning and what causes it?what causes it?

3030 Potpourri

*It is a way in which different species can use the same resource, such as food, without occupying the same physical location at the same point in time.*Caused by interspecific competition.

3030 Population Growth

4040 Potpourri

How is nitrogen returned to the atmosphere?

4040 Potpourri

Denitrifying bacteria- convert NO3- to N2

5050 Potpourri

List and explainList and explainthe types of bacteria needed to convertthe types of bacteria needed to convertatmospheric nitrogen to usable nitrogenatmospheric nitrogen to usable nitrogenfor plantsfor plants

5050 Potpourri

*Nitrogen-fixing bacteria turn N2 to NH3

and nitrifying bacteria turn NH3 into NO3-