Introduction to the Criminal Justice System in the U.S.

September 10th, 2013

SWBAT: Identify the three components of the criminal justice

system and justify the need for each.

WHAT MAKES UP THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM?

-THERE ARE 3 COMPONENTS THAT COMPRISE THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM:

•THE POLICE (LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES)

•THE COURTS

•CORRECTIONS

WHO ARE THE POLICE?-IN THE UNITED STATES, THERE ARE MORE THAN 17,000 LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, BUT ALL THE AGENCIES FALL UNDER 1 OF 3 CATEGORIES:

•FEDERAL

•STATE

•LOCAL

BASIC RESPONSIBILITIES OF POLICE

WHILE THE POLICE HAVE MANY RESPONSIBILITIES, THE FOUR MAIN DUTIES ARE:

•KEEPING THE PEACE

•APPREHEND VIOLATORS AND COMBAT CRIME

•PREVENT CRIME

•PROVIDE SOCIAL SERVICES

WHO ARE THE POLICE?-BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES•FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATIONS (FBI)•COUNTER INTELLIGENCE AGENCY (CIA)•DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (DEA)•US MARSHALS SERVICE (USMS)•BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES (ATF)•US CUSTOMS AND BORDER PATROL

WHO ARE THE POLICE?-BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF NEW YORK STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES:•NY STATE TROOPERS•NY STATE COURT OFFICERS•NY STATE PARK POLICE•NY STATE DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS•NY DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION•STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY (SUNY) POLICE

WHO ARE THE POLICE?-BELOW ARE EXAMPLES OF NEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES:•NYC POLICE (NYPD)•NYC SHERIFF’S OFFICE •NYC DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POLICE•NYC DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION•NYC FIRE MARSHALS

THE COURT SYSTEM-THE UNITED STATES HAS A DUAL COURT SYSTEM: •NATIONAL COURT SYSTEM

•STATE COURT SYSTEM •INCLUDES LOCAL (CITY AND COUNTY) COURTS

•COURTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ADJUDICATION: DETERMING THE GUILT OR INNOCENCE OF A DEFENDANT

FUNCTION OF THE COURTSTHE COURTS HAVE TWO MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES:

•ADJUDICATION: DETERMINING WHETHER OR NOT A DEFENDANT IS GUILTY

•SENTENCING: COURTS MUST IMPOSE PUNISHMENTS THAT ARE APPROPRIATE TO THE BEHAVIOR BEING PUNISHED

THE FEDERAL COURTS-THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

•U.S. SUPREME COURT•U.S. COURT OF APPEALS•U.S. DISTRICT COURT•U.S. BANKRUPTCY COURT•U.S. COURT OF SPECIAL JURISDICTION

NEW YORK STATE COURTS-THE NEW YORK STATE COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

•NYS SUPREME COURT•NYS COURT OF CLAIMS•NYS COURT OF APPEALS•NYS FAMILY COURT•NYS SURROGATE’S COURT

NEW YORK STATE COURTS-THE NEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

•NYC CIVIL COURT•NYC CRIMINAL COURT•NYC FAMILY COURT•NYC SURROGATE’S COURT•TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU

NEW YORK STATE COURTS-THE NEW YORK CITY (LOCAL) COURT SYSTEM INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:

•NYC CIVIL COURT•NYC CRIMINAL COURT•NYC FAMILY COURT•NYC SURROGATE’S COURT•TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BUREAU

CORRECTIONS-LIKE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES ARE DIVIDED INTO 3 COMPONENTS:

•FEDERAL

•STATE

•LOCAL

FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES

-THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF PRISONS OVERSEES THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS:

•119 FEDERAL PRISONS

•22 RESIDENTIAL REENTRY OFFICES

•FEDERAL PROBATION AND PAROLE OFFICERS

NEW YORK STATE CORRECTIONS-NYSDOCCS OVERSEES THE CORRECTIONAL PROCESS IN NEW YORK STATE

•70 CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES

•1 DRUG TREATMENT FACILITY

•DIVISION OF PAROLE

-NYC DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS (DOC) OVERSEES THE OPERATION OF:

•10 MAJOR JAILS ON RIKER’S ISLAND

•4 BOROUGH DETENTION CENTERS

•2 HOSPITAL PRISON WARDS

•NYC DEPARTMENT OF PROBATION

NEW YORK CITY CORRECTIONS