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transcript
11/20/2009
1
SCOMI OILTOOLS
Global Research & Technology Centre/ GRTC
Training Department
Introduction to Introduction to
Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids
OperationOperation
Introduction to Introduction to
Drilling Fluids Drilling Fluids
OperationOperation
Drilling Fluids Workshop23th 26th Nov 2009
Duri - Indonesia
Drilling Fluids Workshop23th 26th Nov 2009
Duri - Indonesia
SCOMI OILTOOLS
How to find oil
Drilling Rig
Drilling Operation
Drilling Fluids Operation
Topics to cover :
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
How to Find Oil
Direct Indications
o Natural seepages of oil
o Outcrops of oil-bearing
rocks
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Geological Methods
o To select promising sites for the drilling of exploratory
wells
o Prepare a Map (both surface and sub surface)
o Methods :
o Gravitational Survey
o Magnetic Survey
o Seismic Survey
How to Find Oil
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
How to Find Oil (seismic)
Using
air gun as
the source
of shock
waves
Compressed
air is more
environmen
tally friendly
than
explosives
Receivers
to record
waves
reflected
by
formation
layers
SCOMI OILTOOLS
How to Find Oil (seismic)
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How to Find Oil Sub-surface map
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How to Find Oil (seismic)
Land operation
Using Geophone
to receive waves
Offshore operation
Using Hydrophone
to receive waves
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Reservoir Geology/Types
9
Oil accumulated in a domal structure
Structure trap resulting from faulting
SALT SALT WATERWATER
OIL
GASGASOILOIL
SALT WATERSALT WATER
How to Find Oil
SCOMI OILTOOLS
Reservoir Geology/Types
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Oil accumulation under
an unconformity
Oil accumulation in the vicinity
of a piercement-type salt dome
SALTSALT
GASGAS
SALT WATER
OIL
How to Find Oil
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What Next ?
Well Construction
Drilling (making hole)
Cementing
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Drilling a Well
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Drilling Rig
Is a portable factory that is built to make a hole.
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Rig Type
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Land Rig
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Swamp-Barge Rig
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Off-Shore (Shallow Water) Jack-Up Rig
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Jack- up Rig
Move rig to location
Jack-down the legs
Jack-up the hull
Start Drilling
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Off-shore Semi Submersible / Platform
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Off-shore (Deep Water) Semi
Submersible Rig
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Off-shore (Deep Water) Semi
Submersible Rig
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Off-shore (Deep-Water) Drill-Ship
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Drilling Process
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Drilling Surface Hole
Drilling out surface hole with
17-1/2 bit
The mud brings the cutting up
to surface
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Run & Cement Surface Casing
Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)
the Drilling Assembly
Running - In Hole (RIH)
the Surface Casing ( 13-3/8)
Pumping Cement
Displacing Cement with Mud
Waiting On Cement (WOC) to dry
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
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Drilling Intermediate Hole
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
Drilling out cement and casing
shoe with 12-1/4 bit
Drilling out intermediate hole
The mud bring the cutting up to
surface
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Run & Cement Intermediate Casing
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)
the Drilling Assembly
INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)
Running - In Hole (RIH)
the Intermediate Casing ( 9-5/8)
Pumping Cement
Displacing Cement with Mud
Waiting On Cement (WOC) to
dry
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Drilling Production Hole
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)
Drilling out cement and casing
shoe with 8-1/2 bit
Drilling out production hole
The mud brings the cutting up
to surface
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Logging in Production Hole
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)
Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)
the Drilling Assembly
Running-In Logging Tools
Logging-up the formation
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Run & Cement Production Casing
SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)
Running - In Hole (RIH)
the Production Casing ( 7)
Pumping Cement
Displacing Cement with Mud
Pulling Out Of Hole (POOH)
the Drilling Assembly
Waiting On Cement (WOC) to
dry
PRODUCTION CASING (7)
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SURFACE CASING (13-3/8)
INTERMEDIATE CASING (9-5/8)
PRODUCTION CASING (7)
Well Construction
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What Next ?
Well Construction
Drilling (making hole)
Cementing
Well Completion (preparing & installing
production equipment to produce oil/gas)
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Producing Oil
Completion (completing the well) OIL $$OIL $$OIL $$OIL $$
Running in Completion Assembly
Displacing mud to Completion
Fluids (brine)
Perforate the casing ( to let the oil
in to the wellbore )
Oil flows into the wellbore
Set the Packer to isolate & divert
the oil flow into production tubing
SURFACE
CASING
INTERME-
DIATE
CASING
PRODUCTION
CASING
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Drilling Fluids
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
What is mud
LIQUID MUDSOLIDS
WATER
OIL
SALT
CHEMICALS
BARITE
BENTONITE/GEL
DRILL SOLIDS
WATER-BASE MUD
OIL-BASE MUD
SCOMI OILTOOLS
What is mud
LIQUID MUDSOLIDS
WATER
OIL
SALT
CHEMICALS
BARITE
BENTONITE/GEL
DRILL SOLIDS
WATER-BASE MUD
OIL-BASE MUD
PRODUCTS PRODUCTS MUD SYSTEM
WATER
OIL
SALT
CHEMICALS
BARITE
BENTONITE/GEL WATER-BASE MUD
OIL-BASE MUD
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Mud Component
1. Base fluids
2. pH Control
3. Viscosifier
4. Filtration Control
5. Weighting agent
6. Additional product :
Shale Control Additive
Corrosion Inhibitor
Lubricants
Dispersants
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How to mix mud
Base Fluids
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How to mix mud (on the rig site)
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How to mix mud (on the rig site)
CH
EM
ICA
LS
MUD
FROM
TANK
MUD + CHEMICALS
BACK IN TO TANK
MIXING CHEMICALS THROUGH HOPER AT RIG SITE
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Scomi Oiltools Products
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Where is the mud
in Drilling OperationMUD PUMP
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Down-hole mud circulationTO SHALE
SHAKER
FROM
MUD
TANK
BACK TO
MUD
TANK
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What does the mud do ?
TO CLEAN THE HOLE
How?How?
By brings the drill cutting up to surface
How can the mud bring How can the mud bring the cutting?the cutting?
Mud Viscosity
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
What if failed?
Drill cuttings slipped to
bottom
Drill pipes get STUCK !!
Drill cuttings filled up the
annulus and bottom of the
hole
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What does the mud do ?
TO CONTROL FORMATION PRESSURE
How?How?
By provides Hydrostatic Pressure of the fluids column
How can the mud give How can the mud give Hydrostatic PressureHydrostatic Pressure
Mud Weight
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
What if failed ?
SCOMI OILTOOLS
K+
K+
What does the mud do ?
Potassium ion to
stabilize the clay
PHPA encapsulates
drill cutting to protect
it from mud filtrate
invasion
Form mud cake as
a thin wall to
protect formation
from mud filtrate
invasion
formation wellbore
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
What should it do with drill cutting
To be separated out from the mud
How?How?
Using Solid Control Equipments
What equipment?What equipment?
Screen
Hydroclones
Centrifuge
Solids to
discard
Clean
mud to be
recycle
Mud + Drill
cutting from
hole
screen
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What should it do with drill cutting
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Solid Control Equipments
SHALE SHAKER
CENTRIFUGE
DESANDER
DESILTER
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Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments
on a Rig ?
ON TOP OF THE MUD TANKS
Just before the mud coming
out from down hole
returns to the mud tanks
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments on the Rig ?
SHALE SHAKERDESANDERDESILTER
CENTRIFUGE
SCOMI OILTOOLS
Where do they put the Solid Control Equipments on the Rig ?
SHALE SHAKER
OVERFLOW
DESANDERDESILTERCENTRIFUGE
FROM
WELLBORE
UNDERFLOW UNDERFLOW UNDERFLOWUNDERFLOW
MIXING HOPER
MUD TREATMENT
(ADD CHEMICALS)
MUD PUMP
IN TO
WELLBORE
TANK # 2
SETTLING TANK
TANK # 3
DESANDER
TANK
TANK # 4
DESILTER TANK
TANK # 5
CENTRIFUGE
TANK
TANK # 6
SUCTION TANK
TANK # 1
SAND TRAP
TANK
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SCOMI OILTOOLS
Drilling Team
DRILLING CONTRACTORDRILLING FLUIDS
SOLID CONTROL
WIRELINE LOGGING
MEASURE WHILE DRILLING
MUD LOGGING
CASING
WELLHEAD
OTHER SUPPORTCEMENTING
DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
TUBULAR
OPERATOR
TRANSOCEANSCOMI OILTOOLS
SCOMI OILTOOLS
BAKER ATLAS
SCHLUMBERGER
GEOSERVICES
WEATHERFORD
CAMERON
OTHER SUPPORTBJ
HALLIBURTON
BAKER OILTOOLS
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