Post on 26-Mar-2015
transcript
Introduction to nuclear and particle
physics
Gerd Petzoldt(tutorials)
Oliver Zimmer(lecture)
Schedule WS 2004/05
1. Introduction – an appetizer
I. Physics of the atomic nucleus
2. A first view on nuclear properties
3. Particle accelerators
4. Scattering processes
5. Geometrical shape of the nucleus
6. Nuclear decays
7. Models of the nucleus
8. Nuclear magnetic resonance
9. Nuclear reactions
10. Nucleosynthesis
11. Nuclear forces
II. Particle physics
Systems, sizes: :Energy-spectra
Povh et al.,„Particles & nuclei“
Fundamental interactions
Some useful books
• Povh, Rith, Scholz, Zetsche:
Particles and nuclei (Springer 1999)
• Frauenfelder, Henley:
Subatomic physics (Prentice Hall 1999)
• Segre:
Nuclei and particles (Benjamin 1965)
• Perkins:
Introduction to high energy physics (Addison Wesley 1986)
• Krane:
Introductory nuclear
physics
(Wiley & Sons 1987)
• Halzen, Martin:
Quarks and leptons
(Wiley & Sons 1984)
• Kane:
Modern elementary
particle physics
(Addison Wesley 1987)
The nuclear chart
500 MeV electrons: 10 meV neutrons:
Atomic nuclei Macromolecules (a few 10-15 m) (a few 10-9 m)
ILL annual report 1996 (soft matter) www.ill.fr
Exciting the proton:
Inelastic electron-proton scattering
Povh et al., „Particles & nuclei“
Spectra of positronium and charmonium(Povh et al., Particles & nuclei)
3He magnetic resonance imaging of the lung
Non-smoker Light smoker
Mainz University and University hospital Mainz, 1999
...Applications
Instrumental developments
Questions, you should (hopefully will) be able to answer after this
lecture:
• From where do we know about the age of the universe?
• How are the chemical elements created?
• Why does the sun shine, and why so long?
• Why are free neutrons unstable but many atomic nuclei stable?
• What are fundamental particles and forces?
• How does application of magnetic fields provide us with pictures from inside our bodies?
1. Introduction – an appetizer
i. Hierarchical order of matter
ii. Fundamental particles and forces
iii. Composite systems
iv. Understanding our Universe
v. Applications of subatomic physics