Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University 1

MUS 239Introduction to World Music

MUS 239Introduction to World Music

TelecourseTelecourseEllis Hall Room 226Ellis Hall Room 226

InstructorInstructor: Dr. John Prescott : Dr. John Prescott Office: HHPA 309

Office Hours: M-F 8 AMPhone: 836-5748

Email: johnprescott@missouristate.eduCourse Web Site: courses.missouristate.edu/johnprescott

TelecourseTelecourseEllis Hall Room 226Ellis Hall Room 226

InstructorInstructor: Dr. John Prescott : Dr. John Prescott Office: HHPA 309

Office Hours: M-F 8 AMPhone: 836-5748

Email: johnprescott@missouristate.eduCourse Web Site: courses.missouristate.edu/johnprescott

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University 2

Reading Assignmentfor TodayReading Assignmentfor Today

Chapter 1Chapter 1 What are the four components of a Music-Culture?What are the four components of a Music-Culture? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the

pieces you are listening to?pieces you are listening to?

Chapter 10Chapter 10 What type of music do What type of music do YOUYOU want to learn about? want to learn about?

Chapter 1Chapter 1 What are the four components of a Music-Culture?What are the four components of a Music-Culture? Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the Can you hear and feel the metrical rhythm in the

pieces you are listening to?pieces you are listening to?

Chapter 10Chapter 10 What type of music do What type of music do YOUYOU want to learn about? want to learn about?

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MUS 239Introduction to World Music

MUS 239Introduction to World Music

Chapter 1: The Music-Culture as a World Chapter 1: The Music-Culture as a World of Musicof Music

Chapter 1: The Music-Culture as a World Chapter 1: The Music-Culture as a World of Musicof Music

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What is music?What is music?Soundscape: characteristic sounds of Soundscape: characteristic sounds of

a placea placeIn general, music is sound that is In general, music is sound that is

humanly organized.humanly organized.Sometimes it’s not easy to separate Sometimes it’s not easy to separate

sound and music.sound and music.Musical Examples I:1, and I:2.Musical Examples I:1, and I:2.

Soundscape: characteristic sounds of Soundscape: characteristic sounds of a placea place

In general, music is sound that is In general, music is sound that is humanly organized.humanly organized.

Sometimes it’s not easy to separate Sometimes it’s not easy to separate sound and music.sound and music.

Musical Examples I:1, and I:2.Musical Examples I:1, and I:2.

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Patterns in MusicPatterns in MusicRhythm & MeterRhythm & Meter

Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent patternpattern

MelodyMelody Principal tune made of a succession of tones in Principal tune made of a succession of tones in

particular rhythmparticular rhythm

HarmonyHarmony Accompaniment to a melodyAccompaniment to a melody

FormForm Structural arrangement of musical ideasStructural arrangement of musical ideas

Rhythm & MeterRhythm & Meter Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent Metrical rhythm: rhythm with recurring accent

patternpattern

MelodyMelody Principal tune made of a succession of tones in Principal tune made of a succession of tones in

particular rhythmparticular rhythm

HarmonyHarmony Accompaniment to a melodyAccompaniment to a melody

FormForm Structural arrangement of musical ideasStructural arrangement of musical ideas

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Harmony/Texture; Four KindsHarmony/Texture; Four KindsMonophonic (distinct single melody) Monophonic (distinct single melody) Homophonic (single melody with Homophonic (single melody with

accompanying harmony)accompanying harmony)Polyphonic (more than one melody)Polyphonic (more than one melody)Heterophonic (single melody but each Heterophonic (single melody but each

instrument plays it differently)instrument plays it differently)

Monophonic (distinct single melody) Monophonic (distinct single melody) Homophonic (single melody with Homophonic (single melody with

accompanying harmony)accompanying harmony)Polyphonic (more than one melody)Polyphonic (more than one melody)Heterophonic (single melody but each Heterophonic (single melody but each

instrument plays it differently)instrument plays it differently)

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Ways of Looking at Musical Instruments: ClassificationWays of Looking at Musical Instruments: Classification

(Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument (Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification)Classification)

IdiophoneIdiophone MembranophoneMembranophone ChordophoneChordophone AerophoneAerophone (Electrophone)(Electrophone)

(Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument (Sachs-Hornbostel Instrument Classification)Classification)

IdiophoneIdiophone MembranophoneMembranophone ChordophoneChordophone AerophoneAerophone (Electrophone)(Electrophone)

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Lines are not always easy to drawLines are not always easy to draw

There are hybrids such as tambourines or There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzykazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy

Greater interest now in insider’s words, Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style.context, style.

There are hybrids such as tambourines or There are hybrids such as tambourines or kazoo; distinctions can be fuzzykazoo; distinctions can be fuzzy

Greater interest now in insider’s words, Greater interest now in insider’s words, context, style.context, style.

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Ways of Looking at the Cultural Elements that Surround and Give Meaning to Music

Ways of Looking at the Cultural Elements that Surround and Give Meaning to Music

Four Components of a Music Four Components of a Music CultureCulture

1.1. Ideas about musicIdeas about music2.2. Activities involving musicActivities involving music3.3. Repertories of musicRepertories of music4.4. Material culture of musicMaterial culture of music

Four Components of a Music Four Components of a Music CultureCulture

1.1. Ideas about musicIdeas about music2.2. Activities involving musicActivities involving music3.3. Repertories of musicRepertories of music4.4. Material culture of musicMaterial culture of music

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I: Ideas About MusicI: Ideas About Music

Music and the Belief SystemMusic and the Belief SystemAesthetics of MusicAesthetics of MusicContexts for MusicContexts for MusicHistory of MusicHistory of Music

Music and the Belief SystemMusic and the Belief SystemAesthetics of MusicAesthetics of MusicContexts for MusicContexts for MusicHistory of MusicHistory of Music

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II: Activities Involving MusicII: Activities Involving Music

Basic aspects of social Basic aspects of social organizationorganization

Status and roleStatus and role Other considerationsOther considerations

Basic aspects of social Basic aspects of social organizationorganization

Status and roleStatus and role Other considerationsOther considerations

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III: Repertories of MusicIII: Repertories of Music Definition: stock of ready Definition: stock of ready

performancesperformances Style; combined elementsStyle; combined elements GenresGenres TextsTexts CompositionComposition TransmissionTransmission MovementMovement

Definition: stock of ready Definition: stock of ready performancesperformances

Style; combined elementsStyle; combined elements GenresGenres TextsTexts CompositionComposition TransmissionTransmission MovementMovement

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•IV: Material Culture of Music•IV: Material Culture of Music

Material objects that a culture Material objects that a culture produces, such asproduces, such as

• Musical instrumentsMusical instruments• Paintings, documents, artPaintings, documents, art• Scores, books, sheet music, Scores, books, sheet music,

booksbooks Impact of mass mediaImpact of mass media

Material objects that a culture Material objects that a culture produces, such asproduces, such as

• Musical instrumentsMusical instruments• Paintings, documents, artPaintings, documents, art• Scores, books, sheet music, Scores, books, sheet music,

booksbooks Impact of mass mediaImpact of mass media

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General Principles of World MusicGeneral Principles of World Music

Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” music rarely “dies out.”

Music used as a controlling forceMusic used as a controlling force Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive

element in the study of world musicselement in the study of world musics Use of particular scale formsUse of particular scale forms

PentatonicPentatonic 12-Tone Chromatic12-Tone Chromatic OtherOther

Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a Music-cultures are dynamic rather than static; a music rarely “dies out.” music rarely “dies out.”

Music used as a controlling forceMusic used as a controlling force Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive Ethnocentrism is generally not a positive

element in the study of world musicselement in the study of world musics Use of particular scale formsUse of particular scale forms

PentatonicPentatonic 12-Tone Chromatic12-Tone Chromatic OtherOther

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Useful ScalesUseful Scales

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Chapter 10Chapter 10

Organizing PrinciplesOrganizing Principles1. Family1. Family2. Generation & Gender2. Generation & Gender3. Leisure3. Leisure4. Religion4. Religion5. Ethnicity5. Ethnicity6. Regionalism6. Regionalism7.Nationalism7.Nationalism8. Commercial Music8. Commercial Music

Organizing PrinciplesOrganizing Principles1. Family1. Family2. Generation & Gender2. Generation & Gender3. Leisure3. Leisure4. Religion4. Religion5. Ethnicity5. Ethnicity6. Regionalism6. Regionalism7.Nationalism7.Nationalism8. Commercial Music8. Commercial Music

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Research, Documentation & Reporting:some things to considerResearch, Documentation & Reporting:some things to consider

Gaining EntryGaining Entry Library & Internet ResearchLibrary & Internet Research Participation and ObservationParticipation and Observation EthicsEthics

Gain permissionGain permission HonestyHonesty

Field GearField Gear Interviewing (open questions, not leading)Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Sharing the information (Report)Sharing the information (Report)

Gaining EntryGaining Entry Library & Internet ResearchLibrary & Internet Research Participation and ObservationParticipation and Observation EthicsEthics

Gain permissionGain permission HonestyHonesty

Field GearField Gear Interviewing (open questions, not leading)Interviewing (open questions, not leading) Sharing the information (Report)Sharing the information (Report)

Introduction to World Music, Missouri State University 18

HomeworkHomework

Assignment No. 1: Write and e-mail me Assignment No. 1: Write and e-mail me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. interviewed.

Read Chapter 2: Read Chapter 2: North America/Native AmericaNorth America/Native America

Assignment No. 1: Write and e-mail me Assignment No. 1: Write and e-mail me a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with a one-paragraph Project Proposal, with description of organizing principles description of organizing principles (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate (from Ch. 10) to be used. Indicate option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be option 1 or 2, and if option 2, who will be interviewed. interviewed.

Read Chapter 2: Read Chapter 2: North America/Native AmericaNorth America/Native America