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Issues of Grid Integration of Renewables : Creative solutions
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 01 / 11
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 02 / 11
World Electricity production 2010
http://webberenergyblog.wordpress.com/2012/04/08/nuclear-has-fallen-short/Source :
19800TWh in 2010
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 03 / 11
Principle of an electric gridThe US Electric Grid
http://www.ferc.gov/industries/electric/indus-act/reliability/blackout/ch1-3.pdfSource :
Electricity Transmission
Electricity distribution
Electricity generation
1
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Storage
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 04 / 11
The various solutions of energy storage :
− Electrochemical− Thermal− Mechanical− Chemical− Electrostatic / magnetic
INGRID project :
http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/ingrid-project/Source :
→ Consortium of 7 European partners
→ This project aims to develop a demonstrator renewable energy storage
→ Budget 23,9 million € (30,5 million $)
→ Connected to 3500MW of renewables (solar, wind, biomass).
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 05 / 11
Long distance transmission HVDC Technology :
→ More efficient: Over long distances, HVDC transmission can move more power with less electrical losses than an equivalent AC transmission line.
→ Two conductors needed instead of three for alternating voltage (or one if we use the earth like a second conductor)
Superconductor technology :
→ The resistance of superconductive material is low, there is no current wastage when they are used to conduct electricity.
→ To show their properties, and be of any use, they must be at critical temperature, which can be costly.
http://www.crosssoundcable.com/CableInfonew.htmlSource:
http://physicsworld.com//superconducting-wire/Source:
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 06 / 11
Smart Grid system
Definition :
The smart grid is a “smart” electricity distribution network use to optimize the production, the distribution and the electrical consumption.
There are five main issues :
→ Use the existing power grid optimally.→ Improve the quality of service.→ Ensure the integrity of network.→ Reduce the cost of electricity
in isolated networks.→ Optimize the production facilities
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 07 / 11
Smart Grid Project « DESERTEC »“Within 6 hours deserts receive more energy from the
sun than humankind consumes within a year.”Dr Gerhard Knies
DESERTEC mission :
→ Respond largely to the needs of the producer countries of North Africa and the Middle East.
→ Provide 15% (initially) of electricity for Europe.
http://www.desertec.org/de/smallplan.jpgSource :
22000MWby
2050
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Smart Grid Project « Maui Smart Grid »
Approximately 90 MW of potential renewables within project period
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Smart Grid Project « DENA Grid study II »
→ Prepare the ground for the evolution of the grid in the next 40 years.
→ Transport the excess generated power capacity to the centers of power demand in the west and south of Germany
→ Integrated renewables in the German Grid on the assumption that they will account for 39% by 2020.
09/11/2012Mickaël HERVY 10 / 11
Smart Grid Project DENA Grid study II
Development of the power plant fleet in Germany in accordance with DENA Grid Study II
Two technical challenges:
→ the location of renewables.→ the variability of renewables.
Conclusion
HVDC transmission lines
Supraconductor technology
connect several regions of the world
between them
Efficient grid
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