IT 101

J.J. Ekstrom, Ph.D.

Networking, Information Management,Information Assurance and Security,Software Development, Systems EngineeringIT Curriculum Development

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Education and Academia

BS BYU 1974MS BYU 1976Ph.D. BYU 1992BYU PT faculty 1979-1987, 2000Associate Professor, EIT 2001BYU Continuing Status 2007IT Program Chair 2007Programmer since 1966

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System Software

Operating SystemsCompilersLinkers/LoadersObject-oriented Design and Programming Systems

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Embedded Systems

Automatic Storage and Retrieval SystemsMilitary applicationsMicroprocessor Control ROMs

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Application Areas

MedicalBankingInventory and material managementInformation retrieval and indexingNetwork managementLAN switch software designEmail archiving and management

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Business

6-8 Startups (Depending on how you count)4 Large CompaniesVPDirectorCTOConsulting EngineerMTS

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What you should remember:

You will probably do a lot of different things during your lifeYou will have to learn continuously or become obsoleteThe only physical constant in life is changeStay close to the Spirit, He gives you glimpses of what is over the horizon.

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Networking and Buzzwords

OSI ModelInternet ModelDevices: Hosts, Hubs, Switches, RoutersNetwork DesignNetwork DeploymentNetwork Management

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Alphabet Soup:OSI 7 layer modelInternet/internetISPIPTCPIETFIEEEpingtracerouteSNMPSMTPIMAPPOPFTPSCPSSH

802.11g802.1Q802.1DHTTPHTMLURLRIPOSPFBGP4JavaScriptJ2EEPHPPerlPythonRubyVBVPscript…

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There ain’t no magic!

All of the acronyms have simple meaningsYou can figure out anything in IT if you are willing to dig a bitThere is a world of information at your fingertips, don’t be afraid to Google for answers.A college education can only prepare you to learnThe details will be obsolete within a few years of graduationI don’t use a language that was available when I got my Master’s Degree! (except English ;-)

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Details for those who care:

Credits: Data Communications and

Networking, 2nd Edition. Behrouz A. Forouzan, McGraw-Hill, ©2001, 1998

Website associated with text.

Some slides for digging:

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Figure 3-1

WCB/McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

OSI Model

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Figure 3-2

WCB/McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

OSI Layers

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Figure 3-14

WCB/McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

Summary of Layer Functions

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Figure 24-1

An Internet According to TCP/IP

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Different Standards Bodies:

OSI – Open Systems InterconnectIEEE 802 – Physical -> Data Link Divide DL into

Logical Link Control (LLC) Media Access Control (MAC)

802.11 wirelessIETF – Internet ProtocolsOMG – Middleware DMTF – Management Models… many others

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Figure 12-1

WCB/McGraw-Hill The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998

OSI Model and Project 802

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Figure 24-2TCP/IP and the OSI Model

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Physical / Data Link

Remember that IP rides on something else, PPP, PPPOE, Ethernet, Token ring, ATM…The following discussion takes the lower layers for granted.The only time you have to think about the physical and Data Link is when they don’t work.80% of the time when a network doesn’t work it’s the cables!

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Troubleshooting: Ping fails

Ping tests layers 1,2,3Start at the physical layer and work up. Cables NIC – do you have a link light?

MAC layer self configures, see if you can sniff (carry a laptop and a

hub) Almost never the problem!

If you have link, problem is probably setup of addressing.

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Figure 24-3

IP Datagram

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Figure 24-4

Internet Address

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Figure 24-5

Internet Classes

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Figure 24-6

IP Addresses in Decimal Notation

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Figure 24-7

Class Ranges of Internet Addresses

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Figure 24-8Network and Host Addresses

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Figure 24-9

A Network with Two Levels of Hierarchy

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Figure 24-10

A Network with Three Levels of Hierarchy

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Figure 24-11

Addresses with and without Subnetting