Post on 01-Jan-2016
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Jethro Tull: A Synopsis•1674 -1741•Invented the seed drill in 1701•Effectively replaced methods of manual seed scattering on the surface of soil•Facilitated organizational agriculture with regular rows at fixed depths•Allowed for specialization of crops—potatoes and turnips•Increasing productivity of agriculture•Page 563
Jethro Tull: So What?
•Initiated the agricultural revolution
•Opened up new land enclosure acts
•Facilitated strengthening of British economy through increase in crops more trade goods
AJ
Above: Jethro Tull (1674 – 1741).
Inventor of the Seed Drill in
1701.
Emmeline Pankhurst: A Synopsis
• Founder of Women’s Social and Political Union
• Led the most renowned women’s suffrage movements of all time
• Used violence as a means of gaining the right to vote
• Went on hunger strikes• Jailed repeatedly• Achieved voting rights
for select women above the age of thirty in 1918
• Page 581
Emmeline Pankhurst: So What?
•Provided women above the age of thirty with the right to vote in 1918
•Provided the world as a whole with a different view of women due to her use of violence
•Made distinct strives towards gender equality
AJ
Emmeline Pankhurst. Leader
of women’s suffrage
movements throughout the nineteenth and
twentieth century.
Karl Marx: A Synopsis• 1818 – 1883• German journalist of Jewish
ancestry• Called for a worker led
revolution• Wrote and campaigned to
call for a revolution with works like The Communist Manifesto (1848)
• When calling for revolution, Marx declared the communist part as their leader
• Wanted the establishment of a worker led government to control the economy
• Believed in short term legislative goals
• Viewed class struggle as a perpetual stifle to societal advancement
• Pages 581 - 584
Karl Marx: So What?
• Provided the world with a new system of economy
•Gave power to the proletariats
•Wanted to diminish the oppression of workers
•Led to cultural tension at the height of the industrial revolution despite the economic gain
•Countries that adopted Marxism often suffered from a large poverty stricken population
AJ
Karl Marx: Founder of
Marxism and leader of the proletariat revolution.
Adam Smith: A Synopsis• 1723 – 1790• Moral philosopher and
distinguished writer• Published The Wealth of
Nations in 1776 a systematic explanation of capitalism
• Argued that national wealth should be measured by treasury of metals rather than by trade or productivity
• Explained the concept of supply and demand
• Argued for a laizze faire attitude towards government involvement in the economy
• Page 453
Adam Smith: So What?
• Began the phenomenon of capitalism provided countries on a global scale with a new system of economy
• Revolutionized trade and the economy as a whole with his explanation of supply and demand determined fair and unfair price ranges
• Gave power to merchants and artisans through his arguments for a laizze faire economic system allowed salesmen to determine the prices of their products
AJ
Adam Smith: Author
and capitalist
supporter.
AJ
1701: Jethro Tull Invents the Seed Drill
Beginning
of the Agricultural Revolution
1829: Invention
of the rocket
1833: The
Factory Act
1871: Trade Union Act
1918: British Voting Reform
Using Europe as an example, what are the political, economic, religious, social, and technological advantages and disadvantages of
industrialization?
Advantages: One advantage of industrialization exists in that the nation increases in productivity through the use of less human resources which leads to trading of surplus goods of consistent high quality with other nations…
Disadvantages: Disadvantages of industrialization exists in loss of jobs of skilled workers to relatively unskilled workers causing labor to be given to children who are unsuited to work in factories…
M S
Pages: 575-578
Why did Europe industrialize before China?
China: The Chinese failed to industrialize as a result of their isolation from the advancing west, their large population which depleted their resources, and cultural (philosophical) views being less concerned with practical problems…
Europe: Europe avoided many of the problems that China faced due to its access to resources such as fossil fuels, the new world, and imperialistic ideals…
MS
Pages: 479 & 571
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the systems of Adam Smith and Karl Marx? Which do you think would better serve a
government if adapted?
Adam Smith: Smith’s capitalist model follows a free market model controlled by supply and demand, competition between private sectors, high quality standards at affordable prices, and people who understand the complexity of the system. That said, the monopolies formed and the greed of the population can become unavoidable and hindering to the country.
Karl Marx: In Marx’s communist model, the government regulates prices in order for the population as a whole to have access to essentials. In addition, the government maintains the standards of quality while assuring that all people have their own role in society in an attempt to benefit the nation. That said, government regulation sometimes fails to benefit everyone, and less people are willing to do harder work without an incentive.
Pages: 453, 465, & 582-584
MS
The proletarian revolution that Marx believed would sweep away the ruling classes never happened in England (or in the USA or Germany). What methods did workers and reformers use to improve the quality of
life of the working class by 1918? Discuss specific efforts to improve life for men, women, and children. Describe reform methods, resistance to
reform, and the end results of the reform efforts to help men, women, and children.
Pages: Listed Above
MS
In order to compensate for the fact that the proletarian revolution did not result in the diminishment of the power of the ruling classes, as was expected, Europeans began to fight
for power—in multiple senses of the word. For example, individuals became concerned with their power as male and
female citizens—demonstrated when Europeans began campaigns for their right to vote.
A series of acts throughout the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries that
effectively convertedcommon lands
into privately owned lands. During the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, nearly 85% of British land became
enclosed.
Some Marxist philosophers argue
that landowners often exercised their
authority by appropriating
common land for personal gain. The
result was the creation of a landless working class forced into labor over the
newly enclosed lands in England.
CBPage 563
In Marxist theory, those who live
solely by the sale of their labor. In
other words, the working class.
Proletariats were implemented only for
labor oriented purposes in European society. As a
result, this social class as a whole was one of the
earlier labor work forces on a global scale. The
revolt of the proletariats led by Karl Marx and the
communist party resulted in havoc within Europe
and the declaration of the Communist Party. CB
Page 583
The organized marching of both men and women to encourage universal suffrage—particularly to encourage the extension
of the right to vote to women.
Though the extension of the right to vote to women was revolutionary in all senses,
the campaigns integral throughout the process did
much more. Such campaigns led by Emmeline Pankhurst and other provided women
with a non-stereotypical role in society due to the
implementation of violence and strikes. For both
reasons, the roles of women in society changed
dramatically due to these movements.
CBPage 580
The Chartists were a group of protesters who
campaigned and collected signatures in an attempt to gain universal
male suffrage. The chartists demonstrated the perseverance of the Europeans through their achievement of universal
male suffrage in 1918, and exemplified the more
modern Europe post industrialization.
The Chartists’ achievement of
universal male suffrage made distinct strives
towards political equality. The
perseverant example set by the Chartists
resulted in numerous future equality based
movements while managing to
demonstrate the positive aspects of
European industrialization.
CBPage 579
Glasgow
Manchester
Thames River
London
Atlantic Ocean
North Sea
Baltic Sea
Vienna
Danube River
Mediterranean Sea
Brussels
Rhine River
Leipzig
CB