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KOMPILASI PELACAKAN PUBLIKASI ILMIAH
Ruben Dharmawan
2009
Searching of Evidence
Rizaldy PinzonClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistic Unit
Gadjah Mada University School of Medicine
SEARCHING AND RETRIEVEING INFORMATION
Iwan DwiprahastoFaculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University
BERBURU INFORMASI KESEHATAN
Dr. Agus Budi Utomo
Maret 2010
The practice of EBM
Pertanyaan klinik Pelacakan bukti ilmiah yang terkini dan terbaik
Telaah kritisImplementasiEvaluasi dan pengawasan
Pelacakan bukti ilmiah
Manual Elektronik
4 Tipe Sumber Informasi
1. System
2. Synopses
3. Summaries
4. Studies
1. System
Sumber informasi yang berupa bukti klinis dan secara reguler mengalami pembaruan,
mirip textbook atau ringkasan.
Kadang berintegrasi dengan informasi kesehatan yang lain dan dapat memberikan
rekomendasi atau panduan dalam manajemen pasien.
Jumlahnya tidak banyak, tapi sangat mudah di akses.
1. System
Contoh :
PIER (http://pier.acponline.org/)
UpToDate (http://www.uptodate.com/)
Clinical Evidence (http://www.clinicalevidence.com)
EBM Guidelines:Evidence-Based Medicine:
(http://www.ebm.guidelines.com)
1. System
DynaMed (http://www.dynamicmedical.com/)
Merck Manual (http://www.merck.com/mrkshared)
2. Synopses
Jumlahnya ratusan, mudah diakses, mempunyai 2 fungsi:
a.sebagai media informasi bagi klinisi akan adanya suatu perkembangan klinis
(ringkasan penelitian) dan,
b.sebagai suatu database artikel jika ternyata telah ada suatu panduan lengkap
dan sistematis (systematic reviews).
2. Synopses
Bandolier (http://www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/)
ACP Journal Club: (http://www.acjc.org/)
InfoPOEMs: (http://www.infopoems.com/)
3. Summaries atau Syntheses
Merupakan kumpulan penelitian yang dianalisis secara sistematis (Systematic
Review), jumlahnya <50.000.
The Cochran Collaboration (http://www.cochran.org/)
Campbell Collaboration (Riviu Ilmu2 Sosial) (http://www.campbelcollaboration.org/)
MEDLINE via PubMed
3. Summaries atau Syntheses
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-
bin/mrwhome/106568753/HOME
DARE (Database of Reviews of Effects) :
http://www.york.ac.uk/
4. Studies
Kumpulan penelitian asli atau primer, jumlahnya jutaan sehingga membutuhkan
kemampuan melacak tersendiri.
MEDLINE database
MEDLINE
Merupakan database yang disusun oleh The National library of Medicine dengan jumlah referensi lebih dari 15 juta dan bertambah
10.000 -20.000 artikel setiap minggu.
Dapat diakses melalui PubMed dan lain2nya.
The Cochrane Library http://www.cochranelibrary.com/clibhome/clib.htm
PubMed Clinical Querieshttp://.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/static/clinical.shtml
CINAHL (Cummulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature)
http://www.cinahl.com/
Cochrane Controlled Trals Registryhttp://www.cochrane.org/reviews/clibintro.htm
Sumber informasi lain
Google (http://www.google.com)
SumSearch (http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/)
TRIP (http://www.tridatabase.com)
OVID http://www.gateway.ovid.com/autologin.html
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/
Kriteria pemilihan
1. Pendekatan berbasis bukti
2. Spesifik dan Komprehensif
3. Kermudahan penggunaan
4. Ketersediaan
Tips
Pelacakan yang spesifik akan
lebih cepat dan lebih berpeluang
untuk menemukan artikel yang
diinginkan
Tips
• Artikel spesifik– Penulis– Kata kunci– Volume dan nomor jurnal
• Bekal– Pengetahuan dan pengalaman
sebelumnya– Pemakaian frase yang tepat– Logika Boolean
Searching on the internet
Is named for the British mathematician George BooleIs named for the British mathematician George Boole
Much database searching is based on the principles of Boolean logic
Much database searching is based on the principles of Boolean logic
Boolean logic refers to the logical relationship among search termsBoolean logic refers to the logical relationship among search terms
Logika Boolean
Koneksi kata-kata
AND OR NOT
Boolean Searching
Boolean logic
OR
Query: I would like information about college.
OR
College17,320,770University33,685,205college OR university33,702,660
College17,320,770University33,685,205college OR university33,702,660
Search terms ResultsSearch terms Results
The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with OR logic, the more records we will retrieve
College 17,320,770
University 33,685,205
College OR university 3,702,660
College OR university OR campus 33,703,082
College 17,320,770
University 33,685,205
College OR university 3,702,660
College OR university OR campus 33,703,082
Search terms ResultsSearch terms Results
poverty AND crime
AND
Query: I'm interested in the relationship between poverty and
crime
Query: I'm interested in the relationship between poverty and
crime
AND
Poverty 783,447
Crime 2,962,165
poverty AND crime 1,677
Poverty 783,447
Crime 2,962,165
poverty AND crime 1,677
Search terms ResultsSearch terms Results
The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with AND logic, the fewer
records we will retrieve
The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with AND logic, the fewer
records we will retrieve
Poverty 783,447Crime 2,962,165poverty AND crime 1,677poverty AND crime AND gender 76
Poverty 783,447Crime 2,962,165poverty AND crime 1,677poverty AND crime AND gender 76
Search terms ResultsSearch terms Results
cats NOT dogs cats NOT dogs
NOT
Query: I want to see information about cats, but I want to avoid seeing anything about
dogs.
Query: I want to see information about cats, but I want to avoid seeing anything about
dogs.
NOT
Cats 3,651,252Dogs 4,556,515cats NOT dogs 81,497
Cats 3,651,252Dogs 4,556,515cats NOT dogs 81,497
Search terms ResultsSearch terms Results
Dapat digabung
Pelacakan yang kompleks
("signal transduction" AND
(phosphorylation OR kinase))
NOT xenopus
Capitalization and Punctuation
Capitalization and Punctuation
will generally return articles where Thrombin is the first word in a sentence.
will generally return articles where Thrombin is the first word in a sentence.
thrombin thrombin
will return all articles containing the termwill return all articles containing the term
ThrombinThrombin
In general, you should use lower-case in all of your searches unless you have a specific
reason to do otherwise.
In general, you should use lower-case in all of your searches unless you have a specific
reason to do otherwise.
"Life and death of a cell"
will return all articles containing the terms life, death, or cell in the title
will return a specific article
Life and death of a cell
How to find the article(s)
Keywords can either be searched in the Title/Abstract, or anywhere in the
article
Keywords can either be searched in the Title/Abstract, or anywhere in the
article
will cause an error since every article in the entire journal will have a “C” in it
will cause an error since every article in the entire journal will have a “C” in it
protein kinase c protein kinase c
forcing a phrase match will yield better results.
forcing a phrase match will yield better results.
"protein kinase c" "protein kinase c"
Article(s) from a particular institution
Article(s) from a particular institution
will return articles by an author claiming a Purdue affiliation (as well as any articles written by someone
named "Purdue").
will return articles by an author claiming a Purdue affiliation (as well as any articles written by someone
named "Purdue").
Purdue Purdue
AuthorAuthor
Using "Phrases"
articles containing only signal, only transduction, or even "transduction
signal" are not returned.
articles containing only signal, only transduction, or even "transduction
signal" are not returned.
signal transductionsignal transduction
will return articles which include either the term signal or the term transduction (or
both).
will return articles which include either the term signal or the term transduction (or
both).
"signal transduction""signal transduction"
Batasan waktu
Dapat menyempitkan pelacakan
Membatasi hanya pada artikel
yang dapat diakses “full text”
Using "Wildcards"
will return articles containing phosphatase and
phosphate.
will return articles containing phosphatase and
phosphate.
child*child*
will return articles containing child, childcare, and children
will return articles containing child, childcare, and children
phospha* phospha*
Capitalization and Punctuation
Capitalization and Punctuation
will generally return articles where Thrombin is the first word in a sentence.
will generally return articles where Thrombin is the first word in a sentence.
thrombin thrombin
will return all articles containing the termwill return all articles containing the term
ThrombinThrombin
In general, you should use lower-case in all of your searches unless you have a specific
reason to do otherwise.
In general, you should use lower-case in all of your searches unless you have a specific
reason to do otherwise.
Medical Subject Heading
www.bmjjournals.com
www.freemedicaljournals.com
www.cochrane.org
http://highwire.stanford.edu/
eclampsia and magnesium and
therapy
EBSCO Research Databasehttp://search.epnet.com
http://proquest.com/pqdauto
Pencarian gagal
• Masalah pada program search
engine
• Tidak ada artikel yang sesuai
Your search retrieved zero
articles
Tips
• Jangan terlalu spesifik
• Cek ejaan
• Bila ragu-ragu akan ejaan jangan
masukkan kata tersebut
• Gunakan wildcard
Mempelajari EBM secara online
Beberapa Referensi
1. Giustini D. How Google is Changing Medicine. BMJ. 2005; 331; 1487-8.
2. Tang, H and Ng, JHK. Googling for a diagnosis- use of Google as a diagnostic aid : Internet based study. BMJ. 2006; 333; 1143-5.
Discuss & Explain
• How to search• Where to search• What to search• Which one could answer the
question• Why do you choose the final one
• How to search• Where to search• What to search• Which one could answer the
question• Why do you choose the final one
TERIMA KASIH