Landing Distance Dispatch brief.pdf

transcript

Landing performancePerformance Engineer Briefing

Presented by

HOU Runtian / Flight Operations Support Director

Introduction

• For Landing Performance, the regulation requires a check of:• Maximum Certified Weight• Landing distance• Go Around Climb Gradients

• These checks are required • At Dispatch for destination Airport and destination alternate airport • During the flight in case of diversion

Introduction

• Certification standards and Operational rules mainly address Dispatch

• Landing distance assessment in flight not yet covered by regulations

• Outputs from Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment Aviation Rulemaking Committee (TALPA ARC) are retained by Airbus for Landing distances computation in Flight

Introduction

Before 2012 Changes:

• Certified landing distance was ALD

• Used as a reference for Dispatch

• Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment

Introduction

Actual Landing Distances

ALD:• Simplified model:

• At Dispatch, Landing performance assessment is based on forecasts and not on real values as for Takeoff performance

• Runway in use (QFU) for Landing is not always known at dispatch time

• No effect of Temperature• No effect of Runway slope

• Very short distance due to minimum airborne distance. On DRY Runway, Flight tests are based on:• Minimal Flare• Touchdown vertical speed 8 ft/sec• Glide angle up to 3.5°• That gives a time between threshold and touch down below 4s

Actual Landing Distances

• The ALD determined in this manner on dry runway does not include any margin and provides optimistic results.

Introduction

Before 2012 Changes:• Certified landing distance was ALD

Introduction

2012• Airbus decided to simplify, clarify and secure Landing

Performance calculation• ALD not used and not published in Operational documentation

anymore (only available in PEP Airplane Flight Manual)

Introduction

2012•RLD is the reference for Dispatch.• In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight assessment

Introduction

Content

Dispatch1

In-Flight2

In-Flight with Failure3

1 - Dispatch

AFM: The « Landing distance » panel is renamed « Required Landing Distance »

AFM: All the certified landing distances (ALD and RLD)

TLO: "Landing point" and "Landing chart" calculations in manual approach / manual braking are unchanged(based on RLD) (No need to recompute Landing charts)

TLO: Landing Point option renamed « Landing Point Dispatch »

1 - Dispatch

A318 / A319 A320 / A321

FLIGHT CREW OPERATING

MANUAL

1 - Dispatch

Contaminated Runway:

RLDCONTA = MAX (1.15 x ALDCONTA ; RLDWET)

Wet Runway:

RLDWET = 1.15 x RLDDRYRLDWET = 1.15 x 1.667 x ALDDRY

RLDWET = 1.917 x ALDDRY

Dry Runway:

RLDDRY = = 1.667 x ALDDRY

1 - Dispatch

2012• FCOM – DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states

Contaminated Runway:

RLDCONTA

Wet Runway:

RLDWET

Dry Runway:

RLDDRYProcedure:

If Runway forecasted Contaminated :

Check RLDCONTACheck RLDWET

Retain MAX of RLDWET and RLDCONTA

1 - Dispatch

2012• FCOM – DISPATCH: RLD for all runway states

Content

Dispatch1

In-Flight2

2 - In-Flight

Before 2012 Changes:

• Certified landing distance was ALD

• Used as a reference for In-Flight Assessment

• In-Flight Landing Distance is the new reference for In-Flight assessment

In-Flight Landing Distances

• For In-Flight Landing Distance assessment, ALD is not the right answer.

2 - In-Flight

• Use of More Operational Runway Conditions• 6 braking performance levels

• Labelled by Reported Braking Action (RBA)• Good, Medium, Poor and intermediates

• Tool required for Runway Condition assessment

IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE

2 - In-Flight

• In-Flight Landing distance• All relevant parameters considered

• Pressure altitude• Planned approach speed• Outside temperature and wind• Runway slope• Reverse thrust use

• Realistic Airborne PhaseALD In-Flight LD

DRY ~4s to 5s FLARE~VAPP at touch down

7s FLARE96% VAPP at touch down

CONTA 7s FLARE93% VAPP at touch down

7s FLARE96% VAPP at touch down

2 - In-Flight

AFM: The « Operational landing distance » panel is redesigned

Calculation based on TALPA ARC modelNew features: • FMS VAPP Speed modelling

• Overweight landing• Operational LD factor• Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure

•TLO: New calculation mode « Landing point in-flight »•TLO: Landing charts Autoland & Autobrake based on

In-Flight Landing Distance instead of ALD

2 - In-Flight

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II M I M I M I I M I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 452.3 I 603.8 I 1056.0 I 1.150 I 1214.4 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I % I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 128.135 I 128.206 I 35.7 I************* I 123.135 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I M I I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 0.000 I************* I************* I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

2 - In-Flight

A318 / A319 A320 / A321

MANUAL

2 - In-Flight

IN FLIGHT PERFORMANCE

2 - In-Flight

LANDING DISTANCE - DRY

LANDING DISTANCE - GOOD

2 - In-Flight

LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM TO POORLANDING DISTANCE – GOOD TO MEDIUM

LANDING DISTANCE - MEDIUM LANDING DISTANCE - POOR

Content

Dispatch1

In-Flight2

3 - In-Flight with Failure• Analytical computation

• Aircraft in degraded condition• Appropriate speed increment

• Available in combination with• Manual or Automatic landing• Manual or Automatic braking• Overweight• MEL• CDL

• Based on In-Flight LD concept• RBA• Realistic air distance

3 - In-Flight with Failure

•New In-Flight Failure function in PEP AFM

•Certified

•Replaces Landing distance Factors from Paper AFM

TLO: •New calculation mode « Landing point in-flight » with In-Flight Failure option

Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure

Calculation of landing distance following in-flight failure: ResultsI--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II AIRBORNE DISTI GROUND DIST I OLD I LD FACTOR I FACTORED OLD I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II M I M I M I I M I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 495.0 I 723.0 I 1218.0 I 1.150 I 1400.7 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II VAPP CAS I VAPP IAS I BRK ENER I VLS CAS I VREF CAS I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I % I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 138.135 I 137.935 I 44.8 I************* I 123.135 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DELTA VREF I APPR COR I DV WIND I DV A/THR I DV ICE ACCR I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I KT I KT I KT I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 10.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I 5.000 I 0.000 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II DV CDL I DV ADDITIONALI LD REF I FAILURE COEF I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II KT I KT I M I II--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------II 0.000 I 0.000 I 1056.0 I 1.153 I I--------------I--------------I--------------I--------------I

ADDITIONAL OUTPUTS / IN FLIGHT FAILURE CASES

FLAP LEVER LDG: CONF 3

Ground idle inop = all engines

+ + =/

A318 / A319 A320 / A321

MANUAL

SYSTEM

Failures

3 - In-Flight with FailureSY

SummaryComparison between ALD & IFLD

Dispatch

• PEP

• FCOM

In-Flight

• PEP

• FCOM-QRH

In-Flight with failure

• PEP

• FCOM-QRH

Landing Distance Dispatch brief.pdf

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