Language Arts

1/15/14

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• Review DO & IO worksheet

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Review• What questions do Direct Objects answer?• What type of verbs are they always used with?• What is an Indirect Object? • What must be present in order to have an IO

in a sentence?

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• Transitive Verb:– An action verb that has a direct object.– It transfers the action to an object.

Ex. Scriptwriters set the pace of their movies.

Ex. An earthquake shook San Francisco.

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• Transitive Verb:– An action verb that has a direct object.– It transfers the action to an object.

Ex. Scriptwriters set the pace of their movies.

Ex. An earthquake shook San Francisco.

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• Intransitive Verb:– An action verb that does not have a direct object.– It does not need an object to complete its

meaning.

Ex. The action moves quickly.

Ex. Rosie was shopping.

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• Intransitive Verb:– An action verb that does not have a direct object.– It does not need an object to complete its

meaning.

Ex. The action moves quickly.

Ex. Rosie was shopping.

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• Sometimes an intransitive verb is followed by a word that looks like a direct object, but is really an adverb. Remember, an adverb tells where, when, how, or to what extent; a direct object answers the question whom or what.

• Sometimes verbs can be transitive or intransitive – always look for the object!– Ex. She reads my note versus She reads aloud.– Ex. Albert ate an apple versus Albert ate already.

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• Review– What is a Transitive Verb?– What is an Intransitive Verb?

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• Transitive & Intransitive Verbs Worksheet– Underline the subject once and verb twice for all.– If the action verb is TRANSITIVE, write T and label

the DO and IO (if there is one). – If the action verb is INTRANSITIVE, write I.

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WriteSource p. 7291. The wolf snarled fearsomely. 2. The coach gave the player a penalty for poor sportsmanship. 3. The leaves on this bush are purple. 4. Near the end of the race, Taylor ran faster than ever before. 5. Jorge has been transferred to Jackson Park Middle School.6. Casey told the truth when he said he didn’t do it.7. I read a letter to the editor about the rising energy costs. 8. Ted worked quietly.

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WriteSource p. 7299. The sound of the fire alarm blasted through the halls.10. Eva plays the drums in a band that she and her friends put

together.11. Before eating his breakfast, Najee took a vitamin.12. Have you ever seen a telephone with a dial?13. The sky seems a little green this afternoon.14. The maintenance staff cleans the pool once a week.15. The housekeeping staff cleans regularly.

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• Verbals:– A word that is formed from a verb and acts as a

noun, an adjective, or an adverb. – Three kinds of verbals: gerunds, participles, and

infinitives.

• WriteSource p. 730

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• Gerunds– A gerund is a verb form that ends in –ing and is

used as a noun. – A gerund often begins a gerund phrase – Gerund phrases can be subjects, predicate nouns,

direct objects, indirect objects, or objects of prepositions.

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• Gerunds– Ex. Worrying is useless. – Ex. You should stop worrying about so many

things.– Ex. Eating healthy is important.– You should stop eating junk food if you want to be

healthy.

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• Gerunds– Ex. Worrying is useless. (gerund = subject)– Ex. You should stop worrying about so many

things. (gerund = direct object)– Ex. Eating healthy is important. (gerund = subject) – You should stop eating junk food if you want to be

healthy. (gerund = direct object)

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• Gerunds

Subject Herding is something that border collies do well.

Predicate Noun It is their running that directs other animals.

Direct Object These dogs are working.

Indirect Object They give herding their full attention.

Object of a Preposition

They are experts at controlling sheep and cows.

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• Participle– A participle is a verb form ending in –ing or –ed. – A participle is used as an adjective and often begins a

participial phrase.– Participles can modify nouns and pronouns.

– Ex. A tired hiker woke a sleeping bear.

– Ex. The terrified traveler wanted to run.

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• Participle– A participle is a verb form ending in –ing or –ed. – A participle is used as an adjective and often begins a

participial phrase.– Participles can modify nouns and pronouns.

– Ex. A tired hiker woke a sleeping bear.

– Ex. The terrified traveler wanted to run.

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• Infinitive– An infinitive is a verb form introduced by “to”– It may be used as a noun, an adjective, or an

adverb.– Think: “To infinity and beyond!”

– Ex. Sam’s dog runs to distract the bulls.– Ex. Ringo the cat liked to nap indoors every

morning.

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• How can you tell the difference between an infinitive and a prepositional phrase that begins with to?– If a verb follows “to”, it is an infinitive phrase.– If a noun or pronoun follows “to”, the words are a

prepositional phrase.

• WriteSource p. 731 #1-10

Work Time

• Complete Identifying Verbals worksheet.

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• Review DO & IO worksheet