Post on 01-Jun-2018
transcript
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
1/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
SEPARATION PROCESS 1
LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
2/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
ECE 3223
Book: Transport Processes and Separation Process principles, 4 t Edition, C!"! #eankoplis, Unit operation o$ c e%icalen&ineerin& '())*+, !L!-cCa.e, "!C!S%it and P! /arriott
0ssess%ent: inal E2a% 3)Co5rse6ork 4)
Test 1, Test (, 0ssi&n%ent
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
3/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Chemical engineering
7 C e%ical en&ineerin& is to, on an ind5strialscale, c an&e c e%icals into a %ore 5se$5l and8al5a.le $or%, appl9in& p 9sical, c e%icaland or .iolo&ical sciences!
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
4/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Learning objectives
7 To introd5ce t e $5nda%ental o$ separation processes and an o8er8ie6 o$ t e s9lla.5s o$t e s5.;ect!
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
5/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Learning o tcomes
7 On co%pletion o$ t is topic, st5dents s o5ld .ea.le to list do6n all .asic separation processesand t eir applications in t e ind5stries!
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
6/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Se!aration Processes I
7 0s one o$ t e essential 5nit operation, se!aration !rocesses are applied in %ost o$t e %odern c e%ical, p ar%ace5tical and ot er process plants!
7 Con8entional separation processes incl5de distillation, a.sorption, adsorption, etc!7 Ne6er separation processes are like %e%.rane .ased tec ni
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
7/20Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Chemical Engineering $aterials
7 In all processes, %aterials are essential! or instance,
7 Nat5rall9 occ5rrin& ra6 %aterials
7 Plant or ani%al %atter
7 C e%ical inter%ediates
7 aste prod5cts
7 0ll o$ t e %aterials %entioned on a.o8e are mi%t res !7 In &eneral processes condition, minim m or ma%im m re& irement
re&ardin& one or %ore o$ t e co%ponents in t e %i2t5re is ine8ita.le!
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
8/20
Se!aration !rocesses
7 To ac ie8e t e p5rit9 de%ands, re%o8al o$ one or%ore o$ t e %aterials present in t e %i2t5re isnecessar9!
7 S5c a re%o8al is re$erred to as a Se!arationProcess !
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
9/20Last Updated:February 10, 2015
E%am!le o' se!aration !rocesses
7 -i2t5res are a co%.ination o$ solids, lisolid %i2t5re!7 I%%isci.le li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
10/20
Se!aration an( $ass Trans'er
7 In separation process, at least one o$ t eco%ponents %o8in& o5t o$ t e ori&inal s9ste%'%i2t5re+!
7 S5c a %otion is ter%ed as mass trans'er)7 -ass trans$er is t e dri8in& $orce .e ind %ost
separation processes!
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
11/20Last Updated:February 10, 2015
*ail" $ass Trans'er Phenomenon
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
12/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
$ass trans'er in Se!aration !rocesses
7 -ass trans$er in separation processes is 6 en%ass is trans$erred $ro% one p ase to anot erand t e principle is t e sa%e 6 et er &ases,solids or li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
13/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
1! E8aporation7 @aporisation o$ one li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
14/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
A! Distillation7 Partial 8aporisation o$ a %i2t5re, separation
ac ie8ed .9 8olatilit9 di$$erences7 Cr5de oil Petrol, diesel, LP# etc7 -et anol> ater %i2t5re7 Li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
15/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
4! #as a.sorption7 0 co%ponent is re%o8ed $ro% a &as strea% .9
treat%ent 6it a li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
16/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
*! Lili
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
17/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
! LiSolid leac in&7 0 sol5te is re%o8ed $ro% a solid .9 contactin& it
6it a li
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
18/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Classi'ication o' Se!aration Processes
! -ec anical p 9sical separations7 iltration7 Sedi%entation7 Centri$5&ation
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
19/20
+in( o t,
7 Relati8e 8olatilit97 Rao5ltFs la67
DaltonFs la67 @apor press5re
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
8/9/2019 Lec 1-Introduction (1)
20/20
Last Updated:February 10, 2015
Re'erences
C! "! #eankoplis, Transport Processes and Separation Process
Principles, 4t Ed!, Prentice /all ())A! Sections 1)1-1)./.)1/.)2
! L! -cCa.e, "! C! S%it and P! /arriott: Unit Operations o$C e%ical En&ineerin&, t Ed!, -c#ra6 /ill, ())4!Cha!ters 1/ 10
Seader and /enle9, Separation Process Principles, (nd Ed!,ile9, ())3!
Sections 1) -1)3 3)1