The Cold War Abroad

The Early Cold War

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Hiroshima & Nagasaki

ReadingGeorge Kennan’s “Long Telegram”

The “Iron Curtain”

The Truman Doctrine https://www.youtube.com/

watch?v=wmQD_W8Pcxg

“It must be the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

The Marshall Plan

The Berlin Airlift June 1948 to May 1949

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 1949

“The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all.”

Communist Advances The Soviet Union’s first atomic test, 1949

The Chinese Communist Revolution, 1949

Decolonization

NSC-68

United States National Security Council, April 1950

Recommended a massive U.S. military buildup

Placed a priority on the “containment” of Communism

Opposition: (1) isolationists; (2) anti-Communists favoring rollback; (3) strategists favoring non-military efforts

Changed U.S. Geography

The Korean War

VietnamA Cold War Example

ReadingVietnamese Declaration of Independence

The Vietnam War: The Setup

Resistance to foreign occupation

Ho Chi Minh

Battle of Dienbienphu, 1954

Geneva Convention, division of Vietnam in two

South Vietnam rejects national elections

The Diem regime

The Diem Regime

John F. Kennedy, 1963 “In the final analysis, it is their war. They are the

ones who have to win it or lose it. We can help them, we can give them equipment, we can send our men out there as advisers, but they have to win it, the people of Vietnam, against the Communists.”

The Gulf of Tonkin Incident

Served as the justification for full-scale US involvement.

Lyndon B. Johnson, 1965 “The point I want to make is why---oh, why---oh, why

don't people concern themselves sometimes with a country that is trying to maintain her independence from aggression, that is being invaded, that is trying not to be swallowed up, that is trying not to have an ideology imposed upon her?”

The My Lai Massacre

Napalm

The Tet Offensive

Vietnam War

Protests

CubaCould the Cold War Become Hot?

ReadingThe Second Declaration of Havana

Bay of Pigs

April 1961

The CIA armed and trained Cuban dissidents

The operation was a complete failure

The incident justified Cuban fears

Operation Mongoose

The Cuban Missile Crisis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZAwvCKoSi8

October 1962

The Nuclear Paradox How do you use nuclear weapons to threaten without

risking nuclear war?

Public OpinionCreating a Cold War Consensus

Suppressing Dissent Federal employees

Hollywood

Senator Joseph McCarthy