LEMON Production in India and Karnataka

VASANTH KUMAR,C.M.Sc. (Agri), Agril. Economics

UAS GKVK Bangalore

AREA , PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF LEMON IN THE WORLD,INDIA AND KARNATAKA

( 2009-10 to 2013-14)

• The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a small evergreen tree native to Asia.

• The tree's ellipsoidal yellow fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary purposes throughout the world, primarily for its juice, though the pulp and rind (zest) are also used in cooking and baking.

• The juice of the lemon is about 5% to 6% citric acid, which gives lemons a sour taste. The distinctive sour taste of lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade.

INTRODUCTION

Top lemon producing countries — 2013 (in million metric tons)

Source: UN Food & Agriculture Organization

world's top three lemon-producing nations by tonnage were China, Mexico, and India, which together accounted for nearly half (47.3%) of all global production.

Country Production (Tonnes) Portion of Total

China 2,318,833 16.70%

Mexico 2,147,740 15.46%

India 2,108,000 15.18%

The exact origin of the lemon is not known, but it is believed that this juicy fruit was originated in Asia, particularly in China and India; where it is still widely grown.

Scientific classificationKingdom:PlantaeOrder:SapindalesFamily:RutaceaeGenus: Citrus Species:C. × limonBinomial name Citrus × limon, often given as C. limon(L.)

Culinary Uses• Lemons are inseparable elements of many popular drinks.

Lemonade is one of the world's favorite refreshing summer drinks. Another drink which is equally popular on all corners of the globe is the lemon tea. Needless to explain the popularity of lemon juice.

• As garnish and as a cooking ingredient, the astringent juice enhances and sharpens the taste of meat, fish and vegetable dishes. Fish are marinated in lemon juice to neutralize the odor.

• In USA, the popularity of lemons can be judged by the number of lemon-flavoured food items like lemon pastries, tarts and traditional American lemon meringue pie. Lemon-flavoured hard-boiled candy, cakes, biscuits, and puddings are popular all over the world.

Other Uses

• Citric acid: It is one of the major sources of obtaining commercial grade citric acid.

• Lemon battery: A popular science experiment in schools involves attaching electrodes to a lemon and using it as a battery to power a light. The electricity generated in this way can also power a small motor.

• Sanitary kitchen deodorizer: It is also used in producing kitchen deodorizer to remove grease, bleach stain, and disinfect.

• Insecticide: The d-limonene in lemon oil is used as a non-toxic insecticide treatment.

Medicinal Benefits

For centuries lemon has been widely used for its medicinal properties. It contains higher concentrations of the Vitamin C. They also contain smaller, but significant amounts of the B vitamins thiamine, riboflavin and niacin.

• When applied on hair, it works as a natural hair lightener

• Hot lemon water is a traditional cure for constipation

• Applying lemon juice to facial blemishes is a popular form of treating acne

• It is also said that lemon helps to stimulate the metabolism

• Lemon is used in facial masks for refreshing the skin

• Lemon juice sweetened with honey, or spiced with salt and ginger, is an old larder remedy for cold and sore throat

• Since lemon juice is the rich source of the Vitamin C, it is a highly effective antioxidant

• Lemon-juice prevents or restrains influenza, malaria and cold

• When mixed with water, lemon juice is useful in quenching the thirst of the patients suffering from diabetes

• Lemon-juice gives immediate relief in abdominal disorders

• Lemon acts as a sedative for the nerves and the heart and allays troublesome palpitation.

ALL INDIA AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF LEMON

Year Area (in '000 ha) Production (in '000 MT) Productivity (in MT/ha)

2009-10 205.7 2029.2 8.9

2010-11 219.1 2108 9.6

2011-12 234 2272.1 9.7

2012-13 255.21 2523.51 10.45

2013-14 257.55 2569.26 11

CAGR(%) 4.598499 4.832668 4.327917

Source :www. indiastat.com

Area of Lemon in India(in ‘000 Hectares)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

50

100

150

200

250

300

Area(in '000 ha)

Area(in '000 ha)

Production of Lemon in India(in ‘000 MT)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Production (in '000 MT)

Production (in '000 MT)

Productivity of Lemon in India(in MT/ha)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

2

4

6

8

10

12

Productivity (in MT/ha)

Productivity (in MT/ha)

State-wise Area of Lemon in India (in ‘000 Hectare) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

YearAndhra

PradeshGujarat Karnataka

Maharashtra

Madhya

PradeshIndia

2009-10 39.5 37.1 9.0 41.5 11.4 205.7

2010-11 45.8 39.2 10.1 43.0 12.6 219.1

2011-12 47.8 40.20 11.5 44.20 13.4 234.0

2012-13 49.30 40.60 11.80 44.80 14.21 255.21

2013-14$ 51.04 40.80 12.20 45.00 14.35 257.55

CAGR 0.0542046 0.0191949 0.0627313 0.0163256 0.0471 0.045985

CAGR(%) 5.42046 1.91949 6.27313 1.63256 4.71 4.598499

Source : Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India.

State-wise Area of Lemon in India (in ‘000 Hectare)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-130

5

10

15

20

25

Andhra PradeshGujarathKarnatakaMahararashtraMadhya pradesh

State-wise Production of Lemon in India (in ‘000 MT)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

Year Andhra Pradesh Gujarat KarnatakaMaharashtra Madhya

PradeshIndia

2009-10 662.3 385.6 201.8 166.6 94.3 2029.2

2010-11 686.6 409.1 224.1 258 103 2108

2011-12 717.5 425.1 268.4 290 130.2 2272.1

2012-13 739.53 433.12 275.2 246 235 2523.51

2013-14$ 765.53 433.12 283.5 248 237.4 2569.26

CAGR 0.02939367 0.0235151 0.0703514 0.0828177 0.2028011 0.0483267

CAGR(%) 2.93936667 2.3515073 7.0351397 8.2817676 20.280107 4.8326684

State-wise Production of Lemon in India (in ‘000 MT)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14$0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Andhra Pradesh

Guja-

Karna-

Mahara-

Madhya Pradesh

Leading Lemon Producing states

Source : Indian Horticulture Database 2013

State-wise Productivity of Lemon in India (in MT/Hectare)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

Year Andhra Pradesh Gujarat KarnatakaMaharashtra Madhya

PradeshIndia

2009-10 15.1 10.4 22.4 4 13 8.9

2010-11 15 10.4 22.3 6 13.2 9.6

2011-12 15.2 10.6 23.3 6.4 13.6 9.7

2012-13 15.2 10.85 23.7 7.35 13.65 10.45

2013-14$ 15.2 11.06 23.63 8.24 13.82 11

CAGR0.001321009 0.01238187 0.010748582 0.155509297 0.012308627 0.043279

CAGR(%)0.132100857 1.23818664 1.074858185 15.5509297 1.230862742 4.327917

State-wise Productivity of Lemon in India ( MT/Hectare)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

Andhra Pradesh Gujarat Karnataka Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh0

5

10

15

20

25

2009-10 2010-112011-122012-132013-14$

AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF LEMON IN KARNATAKA(2009-10 TO 2013-14)

Year Area (‘000 ha) Production('000 MT) Productivity (MT/ha)

2009-10 9 201.8 22.4

2010-11 10.1 224.1 22.3

2011-12 11.5 268.4 23.3

2012-13 11.8 275.2 23.7

2013-14 12.2 283.5 23.63

CAGR(%) 6.273128155 7.035139708 1.074858185

Area of Lemon in KARNATAKA(in ‘000 Hectares)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Area (‘000 ha)

Area (‘000 ha)

Production of Lemon in KARNATAKA(in ‘000 MT)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

50

100

150

200

250

300 Production('000 MT)

Production('000 MT)

Productivity of Lemon in KARNATAKA(in MT/ha)(2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-1421.5

22

22.5

23

23.5

24

Productivity (MT/ha)

Productivity (MT/ha)

District-wise Area of Lemon in Karnataka (in Hectares)

(2009-10 to 2013-14)

year Bagalkot Bijapur Gulbarga Hassan Tumkur

2009-10 965.8 2400.6 1028.8 348.7 343.6

2010-11 1036.7 2715.6 1216.2 378.8 388.8

2011-12 1105.2 3086.1 1295.1 403.4 414.0

2012-13 1154.5 3244.9 1328.9 413.9 424.8

2013-14 1183.7 3456.6 1373.9 427.9 439.2

District-wise Area of Lemon in Karnataka (in Hectares) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

Bagalkot Bijapur Gulbarga Hassan Tumkur0

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4000

2009-102010-112011-122012-132013-14

District-wise Production of Lemon in Karnataka (in ‘000 MT) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

Year Bagalkot Bijapur Gulbarga Hassan Tumkur

2009-10 21.63 53.77 23.05 7.81 7.70

2010-11 23.12 60.56 27.12 8.45 8.67

2011-12 25.75 71.91 30.18 9.40 9.65

2012-13 27.36 76.90 31.49 9.81 10.07

2013-14 27.97 81.68 32.47 10.11 10.38

District-wise Production of Lemon in Karnataka (in ‘000 MT) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

Bagalkot Bijapur Gulbarga Hassan Tumkur0.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

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90.00

2009-102010-112011-122012-132013-14

Production (‘000 MT)

District-wise Productivity of Lemon in Karnataka (in MT/ha) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

Year Bagalkot Bijapur Gulbarga Hassan Tumkur

2009-10

18.4 22.4 19.4 20.4 20.5

2010-11

19.3 23.9 21.3 21.1 21.3

2011-12

20.3 23.5 20.4 21.4 21.3

2012-13

21.7 24.7 20.7 21.3 22.9

2013-14

21.5 25.4 20.7 22.63 22.2

District-wise Productivity of Lemon in Karnataka (in MT/ha) (2009-10 to 2013-14)

2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-140

5

10

15

20

25

30

BagalkotBijapurGulbargaHassanTumkur

Productivity (MT/ha)

Marketing Channels of lemon

• Marketing channels are routes through which agricultural produce move from producers to consumers. The length of the channel varies from commodity to commodity, depending on the quantity to be moved, the form of consumer demand and degree of regional specialization in production.

Supply Chain Management(SCM) in Lemon

• Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption.

Supply Chain Management(SCM) in Lemon

References

• www.indiastat.com• Indian Horticulture Database 2013• www.districtsofindia.com• www.nhm.nic.in• www.agricoop.nic.in