Post on 23-Feb-2016
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Lesson 1: Early Cultures
Chapter 1:Peopling the Western Hemisphere
Indian Groups in Chapter 1
Olmec
Lesson 1 Lesson 2
Aztec Maya Mound Builders Anasazi
Inca
Click on an Indian tribe name to learn more about that tribe.
Once on the page, click on the Indian tribe page again to return to this page,
or click anywhere on the page to continue the slideshow.
Vocabulary
Ice Age A period of extreme cold during which much of Earth’s water was frozen into glaciers.
Term Definition
A huge sheet of ice.
To spend most of one’s time doing one kind of job.
A culture that has complex systems of government, education, religion, and often many people living in cities.
A method of supplying dry land with water through a series of ditches or pipes.
glacier
specialize
civilization
irrigation
Click on the vocabulary term to reveal the definition.
THE FIRST AMERICANS
Click on the picture to learn more about the Ice Age, glaciers, Beringia, and the first Americans.
Hunter-Gatherers & The Earliest Farmers
Asians traveled
across a land bridge called Beringia to America.
Europeans traveled
across a North Atlantic land
bridge to America.
The people spread out around North and South America Some were Hunter-Gathers Others became Farmers
The first settlers came over on land bridges. Land bridges were formed when glaciers took so much water that
ocean levels dropped and land appeared. When the glaciers melted the land bridges were covered with water
the people and animals could not return to Asia and Europe.
Hunter-Gatherers
Hunted animals Example: Mammoth
Gathered Dug up roots Wild fruits Nuts Mushrooms
Planted Corn Beans Squash Tomatoes Sunflowers
The Earliest Farmers
THE OLMEC AND THE MAYA
Farmers Specialized: Focused on one
kind of job Made complex communities
One of the earliest places this
development occurred was in
what today is Mexico.
OlmecMaya
The Olmec
One of the earliest civilizations in the Americas.
Farmers in southern Mexico
Built a trading city call La Venta
Created a calendar Played ceremonial
ball gamesThe Olmec were among the first to use
stone in sculpture and architecture.
The Maya
Farmers in southern Mexico and Guatemala Corn (maize) was the main source of food
Large populations in big cities Artists Scientists Historians Traders
First to understand concept of zero Mysteriously disappeared around 909 A.D.
THE MOUND BUILDERS AND THE ANASAZI
Mound Builder lands
Anasazi lands
The Mound Builders
Some Mound Builders: Adena Hopewell Cahokia
Mounds used for: Religious ceremonies Bury dead Sundials and tracking
starsThe Great Serpent Mound in
Cincinnati, Ohio was made by the Hopewell.
Anasazi
Lived in Four Corners Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona all
meet Made villages
Beneath rock cliffs On sides of canyons Tops of mesas – tall, flat hills
Used irrigation to farm in desert
Time Lines: The Maya and the Anasazi
A.D. 1 A.D. 300 A.D. 600 A.D. 900 A.D. 1200 A.D. 1500
200 – Anasazi culture begins
250 – Maya culture flourishes
600 – Anasazi begin to build large village buildings
900 – Anasazi culture flourishes
1300 – Anasazi culture ends
900 – Maya culture ends
Time Lines: The Maya and the Mound Builders
1000 B.C 500 B.C. A.D. 1 A.D. 500 A.D. 1000 A.D. 1500 A.D. 2000
700 – Adena people build burial mounds
800 – Maya settle in Mexico
500 – Hopewell people build many mounds
1000 – Cahokia people build flat-topped temple mounds
900 – Maya culture ends250 – Maya
culture flourishes
1700 – Mound Builder culture ends
Lesson 2: Aztec and Inca
Chapter 1:Peopling the Western Hemisphere
Vocabulary and People
empire A large area where different people are controlled by one ruler or government.
Term Definition
The practice of people owning other people and focing them to work..
1400s Emperor who enlarged the Inca Empire.
slavery
Pachakuti Inca
Click on the vocabulary term to reveal the definition.
THE AZTEC
1st Location: Valley of Mexico (A.D. 1100) 2nd Location: Tenochtitlan (A.D. 1325)
“Land of prickly pear cactus” Language: Nahuatl
Tenochtitlan
Built “chinampas” (“floating gardens”) for food
Large Empire
War was important Forced enemies
into slavery
THE INCA
Capital: Cuzco Rich mountain valley in southern Peru
Built empire through war
Strong Leaders
Pachakuti Inca Emperor of Inca Greatly expanded
Incan Empire Organized empire
Cleared land for settlement
Appointed governors Made citizens help
expand empire and spread religion
Statue of Pachakuti Inca
Skilled Builders
The Inca built: more than 19,000
miles of roads within their empire.
straw bridges between high mountain peeks.
terraces up mountainsides for farming.
irrigation systems.