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Lesson 11 & 12:
Applying a Biopsychosocial Framework to
Anxiety Disorder
Monday, 3 September 2012
No exam question because just had SAC :)
Monday, 3 September 2012
WHAT ARE YOU SCARED
OF .....
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Snakes
Spiders
Heights
Small places
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Anxiety Disorders
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Panic Disorder
Phobic Disorder
Generalised Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Axis I
Feelings of extreme apprehension, fear, stress and unease
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We will be focusing on Simple Phobia for our studies
Simple Phobia - also known as specific phobia is the fear of a
single specific object or event that triggers a panic response
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Woman with a Chicken Phobia
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Man with peaches phobia
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Agoraphobia
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Age of Onset
Generally develop in childhood and
eventually disappear
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Applying Biopsychosocial Model to Anxiety
Biological
Psychological
Social
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Biological FactorsAmygdala:
Critical role in anxiety and fear
Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA): GABA reduces feelings of anxiety. Low level GABA
levels -> higher levels of anxiety.
Stress Response: Fear elicits a strong
stress response (flight or fight)
Genetic Predisposition: Amygdala, neurotransmitters and stress response can be inherited leading to predisposition to
phobiasMonday, 3 September 2012
Biological Treatments
Involve medications - particularly targeting
GABA
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Neurotransmitter - GABA
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GABA in ACTION
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Valium - GABA targeted
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Psychological Factors
BehaviouralPhobias are a
result of environmental
factors through classical and
operant conditioning
CognitivePhobias based on our thought processes and
feelings
PerceptualPhobias unresolved
conflicts linked with oedipal and electra complexes in phalic stage of personality development (Freud)
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Psychological TreatmentsClassical & Operant
Conditioning- pairing positive
experiences with stimuli to extinguish the fear
Systematic Desensitisation- Counter conditioning (reverse classical conditioning) which weakens association
between the CS and CS by slowing exposing person to feared stimuli
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- As like classical and operant, but with thought
processes
Unconscious (hypnosis)- uncovering what the ‘symbols’ really mean
FloodingExposure for prolonged
periods to anxiety causing stimuli
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Social Factors
Observational learning - parent fears = child fears
Cultural factors - Non religious people fear death,
however those that believe in heaven do not
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Social Treatments
Linked closely with psychological treatments
Focus on questioning thinking about stimuli
Counter-conditioning
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Best to use aspects from all areas!!!!
BioPsychoSocial
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Essential Learning Activities
Activity 1: Create a Triple Bubble Concept Map of the Biopsychosocial Model of
Anxiety
Activity 2:Construct a mind map that describes the psychotherapies for simple
phobia (CBT, Systematic Desensitisation & Flooding) include strengths and limitations of each method
Activity 3:Choose one of the simple phobias listed below. Using systematic
desensitisation, outline the steps involved in the treatment of your phobia
i. spidersii. heights
iii. public placesMonday, 3 September 2012