Lesson 4 Farming Systems

transcript

Systems ModuleSystems ModuleGeography Geography

LessonsLessons

Lesson 4 Farming Lesson 4 Farming systemssystems

Aim- How does the Aim- How does the farming system work?farming system work?

PROCESSESPloughingPlanting

Weed & PestControl

HarvestingSilage/Grazing

ShearingMilking

Weed & PestControl

ShearingMilking

INPUTSINPUTS

Inputs are: Physical (climate, relief, soil) or Human (money,machines, labour)

OUTPUTSOUTPUTS

Outputs are: Crops or Animal Rearing and / or ProductsOutputs are: Crops or Animal Rearing and / or Products

Weed & PestControl

ShearingMilking

Weed & PestControl

ShearingMilking

Farming can be classifiedby Inputs, Processes or Outputs

ARABLE, PASTORALARABLE, PASTORALor MIXEDor MIXED

INTENSIVE orINTENSIVE or EXTENSIVEEXTENSIVE

SUBSISTENCE or SUBSISTENCE or COMMERCIALCOMMERCIAL

Classification by INPUTClassification by INPUT

INTENSIVE farming – high levels of input INTENSIVE farming – high levels of input producing a high yield per hectare.producing a high yield per hectare.Examples include, arable farming in East Examples include, arable farming in East Anglia, England and rice farming in South Anglia, England and rice farming in South East Asia.East Asia.

EXTENSIVE farming – low levels of input EXTENSIVE farming – low levels of input producing a low yield per hectare.producing a low yield per hectare.Example, sheep farming in North WalesExample, sheep farming in North Wales

Classification by PROCESSES Classification by PROCESSES Arable vs. PastoralArable vs. Pastoral

ArableArable

Growing and harvesting of cropsGrowing and harvesting of crops

Pastoral

Specialise in rearing of animals

Both pastoral and arable farming

Classification by OUTPUTClassification by OUTPUT

SUBSISTENCE farmingSUBSISTENCE farming

Produce is consumed by the Produce is consumed by the farmer, any surplus is usually farmer, any surplus is usually

sold to buy other goods sold to buy other goods

• COMMERCIAL farmingCOMMERCIAL farming

The majority of produce is The majority of produce is sold to make financial profitsold to make financial profit

Task 1Task 1

Complete the following interactive Complete the following interactive activitiesactivities

Farming system

Arable, pastoral or mixed?

Commercial or subsistence?

Farming system

TASK 2TASK 2

Complete the summary exercise in word Complete the summary exercise in word documentdocument

Climate

Relief (shape of the land)

Soil type

Accessibility to the market and labour supply

The main factors affecting the distribution of farming in the UK are:

What effects the distribution of farming in the UK?

FARMING IN THE UKFARMING IN THE UK

Market Gardeninginvolves intensivefarming of highvalue fruit and

salad vegetablesin greenhouses

Market Gardeninginvolves intensivefarming of highvalue fruit and

salad vegetablesin greenhouses

Sheep and beefcattle are reared

for wool andmeat, mainly in

upland areas

Sheep and beefcattle are reared

for wool andmeat, mainly in

upland areas

Dairy Farmingis the rearing ofcows for milk,

usually in flatterareas - good grassso lush pastures

Dairy Farmingis the rearing ofcows for milk,

usually in flatterareas - good grassso lush pastures

Arable Farming inthe UK is mainlycereal crops, butalso vegetables

and animal feeds

Arable Farming inthe UK is mainlycereal crops, butalso vegetables

and animal feeds

South Penquite Farm – a case study

South Penquite Farm

South Penquite is a 80 hectare working hill farm situated high on Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.

The farm has a flock of 400 ewes and a herd of 60 cows as well as many horses, ponies, goats, donkeys and chickens.

South Penquite Farm

The farm has achieved organic status under the guidance of the Soil Association. It takes two years to convert the land over which time they have not used any pesticides or nitrogen fertilizers.

South Penquite Farm

South Penquite started the conversion to becoming an organic farm in May 1999 and from June 2001 they have been able to offer organic beef and lamb.

The farm has diversified.

They offer a range of countryside holidays which include camping and horse riding. For the camping they have a limited number of pitches to minimize the impact on the environment. They also have facilities for field studies and opportunities for educational groups to learn about local environment.

South Penquite Farm

Riding HolidaysCamping Field Studies

Organic quiz!

Task 3Task 3

Using the information from this case study Using the information from this case study farm, write a list of bullet point notes, farm, write a list of bullet point notes, based on what you have learnt about based on what you have learnt about Organic farmingOrganic farming

HomeworkHomework

In preparation for your next Geography lesson, In preparation for your next Geography lesson, you need to have researched ‘Organic Farming’ you need to have researched ‘Organic Farming’ and ‘Intensive farming’ finding as much and ‘Intensive farming’ finding as much information as possible to either bring to the information as possible to either bring to the lesson or have a list of useful websites ready for lesson or have a list of useful websites ready for the lesson. the lesson.

Without doing this homework, you will jeopardise Without doing this homework, you will jeopardise next lessons work and consequently your grade next lessons work and consequently your grade for the workfor the work

Lesson 4 Farming Systems

Technology