LITERATURE THROUGHOUT THE CURRICULUM

Done by: Nour Kassem

Introduction Patterns of response to literature Forms of Response Literature and the Reading Program Response and Reading Comprehension Interpreting Pictures Literature and Children’s Writing Literature and the Social Studies Progra

m Evaluating Children’s Response

Children's literature or juvenile literature includes:

1. Stories2. Books 3. Magazines4. Poems All of which that are enjoyed by children.

Children’s Literature

Modern children's literature is classified in two different ways:

1. Genre 2. Intended age of the reader Adults can keep children’s interest in

books by showing their own excitement towards books.

Adults may also present continuous and rewarding experiences with literature to children.

These experiences should include: Good oral reading by adults Opportunities for children to talk about

what they read and hear Opportunities to participate in activities

that can enhance response to and understanding of literature

Patterns of Response to Literature

Children should be encouraged to enjoy literature in the classroom, the library, and at home.

Enjoyment can be enhanced by a literature program that introduces children to books they might not find on their own.

A well-planned literature program should establish regular times for oral reading by teachers and librarians and opportunities for children to share books with one another.

Activities to encourage response to literature must grow naturally out of the reading.

Introduction Patterns of response to literature Forms of Response Literature and the Reading Program Response and Reading Comprehension Interpreting Pictures Literature and Children’s Writing Literature and the Social Studies Progra

m Evaluating Children’s Response

Forms of Response

The emotional reaction The interpretive reaction The critical reaction The evaluative reaction

The Emotional Reaction The reader comments verbally or

perhaps non-verbally. This response is fundamental on which other responses are built upon.

Emotional involvement shows how much the child is interested in the material he is reading

The Interpretive Reaction

The interpretation of stylistic devices like metaphor, allusion, irony and symbols.

It is also shown in inferences about the events, characters, author’s motive and the setting.

Critical reaction The attention given to language,

content, writing style, use of rhetorical devices, response to author’s use of dialogue and description.

Evaluative reaction The reader tells what he or she thinks

what a character ought to do base on some absolute standard.

This response can also be about the author’s methods and the emotional appeal of the story.

Literature and the Reading Program

An integrated program might focus attention on story sequence, and at the same time provide activities such as drama and creative writing.

Response and Reading Comprehension The relationship of literary response to

reading comprehension is an important idea for teachers and librarians.

Robert Ruddell describes comprehension as occurring on three levels:

• Factual• Interpretive• Applicative

Response and Reading Comprehension He inferring from the techniques

an author uses to develop a character.

An emotional response gives reason to believe that the child is responding to the story.

Response and Reading Comprehension Literary responses and reading

comprehension skills are not specifically the same abilities, there are relationships which can be identified and used so that development of reading skills grows naturally into a mature response to literature.

Literal RecallRecall of details, main idea, sequence, comparison, case and effect, character traits.

Narration Squire’s term for a factual

retelling of the story

InferencePredicting outcomes,

inferring literal meanings from figurative language.

InterpretationMaking sense of the

story, relating the work to what the reader knows

about life

EvaluationJudgments of reality/ fantasy, fact, opinion

EvaluationLiterary judgment-

judgment of the worth of a story or of the quality of writing, effectiveness

of plot

AppreciationEmotional response to content, plot or theme,

reaction to author’s use of language.

Emotional Involvement

Comments showing interaction with a story or

poem.

Interpreting Pictures Picture reading is very likely

an important readiness activity for literary response as well as for reading comprehension.

Literature and Children’s Writing Experiences in responding to literature

can give children background for dealing with most rhetorical situations.

Prewriting is an important concept in the teaching of writing, for it has to do with experiences that give children background for writing.

Literature and Children’s Writing Children’s writing takes many forms

from letters to diaries, stories, poems, and informational writing.

Poetry, too , can serve as an inspiration as children work with that form of writing.

Literature and the Social Studies Program Acquainting children with the

lives of people who lived in other times and other places, and with the lives of people from a variety of cultures living in our world today.

Evaluating Children’s Response

Evaluation of children’s learning about literature is seldom done formally.

Nevertheless, there are literary behaviors which can be identified and observed throughout a school year.