Main slide• Digitalis leaves:

• Medical plant names.• Plant history.• Description of crude drug.• Origin and constituents.• Pharmacological activity and drugs.• Herbal-drug interactions.

• Jaborandi leaves.• Medical plant names.• Description.• Origin and constituents.• Pharmacological effects and therapeutic indications.• Drugs.

Rough and hairy leaves

Purple flowers

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Digitalis lanata Main slide

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Digitalis leaves :Foxglove leaves:Folia Digitalii• Digitalis purpurea

• Digitalis lanata

• Digitalis dubia

• Digitalis ferruginea

• Digitalis grandiflora

• Family : Scrophulariaceae

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• Digitalis is an example of a cardio-active or cardio tonic drug, in other words a steroid which has powerful action on the cardiac muscle in animals, and has been used in the treatment of heart conditions ever since its discovery in 1775.

• The discovery of digitalis is accredited to the Scottish doctor William Withering .

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Description

Biennial herbaceous plant .

Odor : distinct.

Taste : bitter .

D.purpurea : has hairy leaves with purple flowers.

D.lanata : has very hairy leaves with whitish pink flowers .

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Origin Southern and Central regions of Europe

Chemical constituents Glycosides: cardiac (steroidal) group:

1. Digoxin .

2. Digitoxin.

3. Gitoxin

(3 molecule of digitoxose + aglycone part )

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Uses:

1. Congestive heart failure.

2. Arrhythmia .

Drugs

Digoxin – zori : (Teva) Tablets 0.25mg

Lanoxin : (Wellcome) a) Tablets: 0.25mg

0.0125mg,0.00625mg

b) Elixir ped. : 0.05mg

c) Amp.: o.5mgMain slide

Drug interaction

• Acetaminophen, aspirin, digoxin    Decreased/delayed drug absorption

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Red flower

Oval with entire margin

Jaborandi leaves: Jaborandi leaflets:Folia Jaborandi

Pilocarpus jaborandi

Pilocarpus pinnatifolius

Family: Rutaceae

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Description:

Perennial mild trees (4-5m) height with red flowers .

The leaves (leaflets) are oval with entire margin.

Odor :characteristic

Taste :Bitter ,pungent and aromatic.

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Origin Brazil and Paraguay.

Chemical constituentsChemical constituents1-Alkaloids (0.5%-1%) imidazole group-

Pilocarpine.

2- volatile oil 0.5%

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The pharmacological effects and uses of pilocarpine

- Parasympathomimetic agent.

-Stimulates directly muscarinic receptors in the eyes which causes pupil constriction (myosis).

-Increase body secretions .

Uses:

1- Antidote in case of poisoning from atropine (parasympatholytic agent).

2- Treatment of Glaucoma.

3- treatment of xerostomia.Main slide

Glaucocarpine

®

Drops

Ophthalmic

solution

Taro 1%-4% Glaucoma

Mi-Pilo ® Ophthalmic solution

Fischer + lacrimol

2,4%

Control intra ocular pressure

Pilocarpine HCl ®

Drops

Ophthalmic solution

Vitamed 1%-4% Glaucoma

Timpilo ® Drops

Ophthalmic

solution

MSD +timolol

2,4%

Decrease

(IOP)

Salagen ® Tab Mega-pharm

5mg Radiatin induced xerostomia

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