Making Web Annotations Persistent over Time

transcript

Persistent Web Annotations Rob Sanderson, Herbert Van de Sompel

JCDL 2010, June 21-25, Surfers Paradise, Australia

RobertSandersonrsanderson@lanl.govazaroth42@gmail.com

HerbertVandeSompelherbertv@lanl.govhvdsomp@gmail.com

DigitalLibraryResearchandPrototypingTeam

LosAlamosNa@onalLaboratory,USA

Slide:2

Overview

•  BackgroundandResearchQues@on

•  OpenAnnota@onCollabora@on

•  Memento

•  Experiments

•  Conclusions

Slide:3

10+YearsofAnnota@onResearch

Slide:4

Our2020Vision

Slide:5

ScholarshipisMovingtotheWeb

•  Fromsilosofhighlycuratedcontenttoopenworldmodels

•  Publishingofscholarlycommunica@ononline:•  FirstJournals(DLib,PLoS,…)•  ThenUsers(Vivo,ORCID,…)•  NowData(NVO,OREChem,…)

•  NexttheScien@ficProcess?(MyExperiment,Annota@on,…)

•  Withthewebcomesnewchallenges…

•  Persistence

Slide:6

WebResourcesChange…

Google Sidewiki Annotation on http://news.bbc.co.uk/ as of 2010-06-14

Slide:7

ArchivedCopy,ButNoAnnota@ons

Archived page from: http://www.dracos.co.uk/work/bbc-news-archive/2010/03/08/07.05.html

Slide:8

CanWeFixThis?Automa@cally?

The desired outcome: Display the correct representation of the Web Resource with the Annotation.

Slide:9

PreviousAnnota@onPersistenceMethods

•  Migrateannota@onsfromoneversiontothenext:•  Seektodiscovernewloca@onofoldtargetsegment

•  Otherwisediscardtheannota@onasnolongerrelevant•  TreatstheAnnota@onasofsecondaryimportance

•  Focusedonheuris@cs:•  Crossformat,crossloca@on

•  Editedtextinsamedocument

•  Dynamicallyscalingtargetareas,marksofannota@on•  …

Slide:10

PersistentandWeb‐Centric?

•  OAC:DescribeAnnota@onsinaWeb‐centricModel

•  Memento:MakeNaviga@ngthePastWebEasy

•  GivenanAnnota@on,displayappropriatearchivedWebResource?•  GivenanarchivedWebResource,displayappropriateAnnota@ons?

Slide:11

OpenAnnota@onCollabora@on

•  Focus: Interoperabilitybetweensystemstoenablesharing

•  Founda@on: ArchitectureoftheWorldWideWeb

•  Framework: LinkedDataGuidelines

•  Funding: MellonFounda@onfor18months

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OACDataModel:Basics

•  Anoac:Annota@onisanore:Aggrega@onoftwoormoreresources,suchthatone(oac:Body)annotatesatleastoneother(oac:Target)

•  WegetOAI‐OREen@@esforfree(ore:ResourceMap,ore:Proxy)

•  Allresourcesareregularwebresources

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OACDataModel:Basics

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OACDataModel:Segments

•  MostAnnota@onsareaboutpartofaresource

•  Resourcesareatomic,intermsofiden@fica@on(byaURI)

•  SegmentsoftheresourceapplyinthecontextoftheAnnota@on

•  Solu@on:aaachaDescrip@onoftheSegmentofinteresttoanOREProxyfortheresource

Slide:15

OACDataModel:Segments

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OACDataModel:Time

•  Asregularwebresources,ResourceMap,BodyandTargethaverepresenta@onsthatcanchangeover@me

•  TheResourceMap,BodyandTargetcanchangeindependentlyofeachother

•  IfanAnnota@oninvolvesresourcesastheyexistedatapar@cularpointin@me,thisneedstoberecorded

•  ThreedifferentTimemodelsarepossible…

Slide:17

TimelessAnnota@ons

•  TheAnnota@onisalwaysapplicable,regardlessoftherepresenta@onservedfromtheURIsoftheBodyandTargets.

•  Example:"ThisisthehomepageofCNN"

•  TimelessAnnota@onsdonotneedaspecial@mestamp.

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UniformTimeAnnota@ons

•  TheAnnota@onisnotalwaysapplicable,butpertainstothestateoftheBodyandTargetatasinglemomentin@me.

•  Example:Tweetisaboutcontemporarystateofawebpage.

•  Addmem:whenpropertytoAnnota@on

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VariedTimeAnnota@ons

•  TheAnnota@onisnotalwaysapplicable,butpertainstothestateoftheBodyandTargetatdifferentmomentsin@me.

•  Example:Blogpostisaboutpreviousday'sstateofawebpage•  Addmem:whenpropertytoProxiesforresources

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Memento

•  Weknow:theURIoftheTargetandthe@meitwasannotated

•  Wedon'tknow:theURIwhereitisarchived•  Weneed:Memento

•  MementowantstomakeitEasytoNavigatetheWeb’sPast

•  Basicidea:UseHTTPtogetfromthecurrentresourcetothearchivedcopyofthatresourceatagiven@me,ratherthansearching

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IssueswiththePastWeb

•  Newnamesforarchivedresources

• Whatwascnn.com,becomesarchive.org/web/20010120…•  …Andlotsofothernames

• Withnowaytodiscoverthemwithoutsearchingbyhand

•  Peopledonotliketosearch•  Especiallywhenacomputercoulddoit.

•  Naviga@onisinconsistent•  Stuckinwebarchivecontentsilo(URIsrewriaen)•  Orendupbackinpresent(URIsnotrewriaen)

Slide:22

TheWebwithoutTimeDimension

eg: http://www.cnn.com/ eg: http://web.archive.org/web/ 20020209001709rn_1/www.cnn.com/?

Slide:23

TheWebwithTimeDimensionfromMemento

eg: http://www.cnn.com/ eg: http://web.archive.org/web/ 20020209001709rn_1/www.cnn.com/?

Slide:24

current

Apr 10 2001, 21:39:30 UTC

Aug 15 2004, 08:45:27 UTC

Aug 15 2007, 19:21:58 UTC

www.cnn.com web.archive.org

Slide:25

current

Apr 10 2001, 21:39:30 UTC

Aug 15 2004, 08:45:27 UTC

Aug 15 2007, 19:21:58 UTC

Original Resource

Mementos ?

Slide:26

current

Apr 10 2001, 21:39:30 UTC

Aug 15 2004, 08:45:27 UTC

Aug 15 2007, 19:21:58 UTC

Original Resource

Mementos ?

TimeGate

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current

Apr 10 2001, 21:39:30 UTC

Aug 15 2004, 08:45:27 UTC

Aug 15 2007, 19:21:58 UTC

Original Resource

Mementos ?

TimeGate

Conneg with TimeGate to Mementos Link Headers

Slide:28

Experiments

1.  Givenanannota@on,findtheappropriaterepresenta@ons•  Createannota@ononresourceknowntochange•  Canweusetheinforma@onfromtheannota@ontofaithfullyrecreatetheenvironmentthroughMemento?

2.  Givenanarchivedresource,findtheappropriateannota@ons•  Createannota@onsatdifferent@mesonresourceknowntobearchived

•  Canweusetheinforma@onfromMementotofindtheappropriateannota@ons?

Slide:29

Experiment1

Retrieve

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Experiment1

Reconstruct

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Experiment1:CreateAnnota@on

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Experiment1:TestwithoutMemento

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Experiment1:TestwithMemento

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Experiment2

•  Need to find Original URI, start, end time of representation •  Need searchable collection of annotations

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Experiment2:CreateAnnota@ons

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Slide:37

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Experiment2:TestwithoutMemento

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Experiment2:TestwithMemento

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Conclusions

•  Annota@on,asacorescholarlyprac@ce,isincreasinglyweb‐based

•  WeproposeusingOACandMementotoprovideasolu@onforpersistenceofannota@ons,bydisplayingannota@onsintheiroriginalcontextanddisplayingrelevantannota@onsforarchivedresources

•  Archivingofannotatedandannota@ngresourcesimportant

•  Interes@ngresearchques@onofwhetherannota@onspansmul@plearchivedresources

Slide:41

ThankYou

•  Authors:•  azaroth42@gmail.com/rsanderson@lanl.gov

•  hvdsomp@gmail.com/herbertv@lanl.gov

•  OAC:•  hap://www.openannota@on.org/•  hap://groups.google.com/group/oac‐discuss

•  Memento:•  hap://www.mementoweb.org/

•  hap://groups.google.com/group/memento‐dev

•  ThanksTo:•  ScoaAinsworth,LudaBalakireva,TimCole,AnnaGerber,BernhardHaslhofer,EricHetzner,JaneHunter,CliffLynch,MichaelNelson,DougReside,HariharShankar

Slide:42

MementoHTTPFlowHEAD R, (Accept-Datetime)

302M, Vary, TCN, LinkR,B,M

200, Content-Datetime, LinkR,B,M

GET G, Accept-Datetime

GET M, (Accept-Datetime)

Making Web Annotations Persistent over Time

Technology