Mapa de relacionamentos dos grupos de pesquisa em CM · Biotechnological products from the marine...

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Challenges in Marine Biodiversity and Biodiscovery.

Roberto G. S. Berlinck(Instituto de Química de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo)

JAPAN-BRAZIL SYMPOSIUM ON RESEARCH COLLABORATION15th – 16st March 2013, Tokyo (東京)

~ 8,500 km

“Amazônia Azul”Brazil: a country of continental dimensions

Contextualization of Marine Biodiversity and Biodiscovery Research in Brazil

Marine Biology

Biotechnology

Sources: Fundação Universidade do Rio Grande (FURG) - http://www.furg.br/ciencias.marinhas/ISI Web of Science

Marine Biodiscovery

Only 14 articles referring to “marine biotechnology” in keywords havebeen published by Brazilian researchers between 2000 and 2012.

Three Most cited

Clementino, MM. et al. (2008) Extremophiles., 12, 595-604. (11 citations)

Rodrigues, JAG. (2011) Acta Scient.-Technol., 33, 137-144. (7 citations)

Costa-Lotufo, L.V. et al. (2009) Quimica Nova, 32, 703-716. (6 citations)

Marine Biodiversity

167 articles referring to “marine biodiversity” in keywords have beenpublished by Brazilian researchers between 2000 and 2012.

Three Most cited

Schipper, J. et al. (2008), Science, 322, 225-230. (237 citations)

Hoorn, C. et al. (2010), Science, 330, 927-931. (112 citations)

Floeter, S. R. et al. (2010), J. Biogeogr., 35, 22-47. (90 citations)

Biotechnological products from the marine environment

Source: Teixeira, V.L. (2010)

Marine algae: alginates, agar, carragenaans

- 55,000 tons/year US$ 585 million dollars net value: US$ 5,6 Billion/year

87 Marine Biotech Companies over the World

Leading research centers on Marine Biotechnology

Center of Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine (http://cmbb.ucsd.edu/)

Scripps Institution of Oceanography - USA

GeoMarine Biotechnologies (www.geomarinebiotech.com) – India

Center of Applied Marine Biotechnology (www.cambie.ie) – Ireland

Center of Excellence in Biomedical and Marine Biotechnology

(www.floridabiotech.org) - USA

Marine Biotechnology Research Centre (www.crbm-mbrc.com/index.php?lang=en)

Canada

Marine Biotechnology in Brazil until 2010

Sectorial Plan of Ocean Resources (VI PSRM)

Interministerial Comission for Ocean Resources (CIRM)

Executive Committee for the Assessment and Evaluation of the Biotechological Potencial of Marine Biodiversity (Biomar) since 2005

National Policy Proposal

1. Evaluate biotechnological potential of marine organisms

2. Establish conditions for feasibility

3. Provide expertise for supervision

4. Establish steering committees for scientific assessment

Marine Biotechnology in Brazil until 2010

Sectorial Plan of Ocean Resources (VI PSRM)

Interministerial Comission for Ocean Resources (CIRM).

Executive Committee for the Assessment and Evaluation of the Biotechological Potencial of Marine Biodiversity (Biomar) since 2005

New Pharmaceuticals discovery

Development of biological technologies to identify ecological stress

environment protection

Development of molecular tools to identify emerging diseases in marine animals

fisheries and marine resources protection

Development of molecular tools for rapid diagnosis to garantee food resources

238 Researchers

Regions with the largest number of research groups on marine biotechnology

Marine Biotechnology in Brazil

89 research groups – 11 on natural products chemistry

238 Researchers

~ 8,500 km

“Amazônia Azul”Brazil: a country of continental dimensions

34,622 km coastline

6th largest in the world

CanadaIndonesiaGreenlandRussiaPhillipines

Source: Professor Nobuhiro Fusetani (retired from the University of Tokyo)

Number of publications in Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Fonte: SCImago Journal & Country Rank - http://www.scimagojr.com/countryrank.php

JapanX

Brazil

Number of publications in Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Miscellaneous)

JapanX

Brazil

Number of publications in Animal Science and Zoology

BrazilX

Number of publications in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

Número de publicações em oceanografia

JapanX

Brazil

Number of citations/article in Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

JapanX

Brazil

Number of citations/article in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

BrazilX

Fonte: ISI – Web of Science - http://apps.isiknowledge.com/

Research in Marine Sciences – Japan x Brazil

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Pesquisa Ciencias Marinhas/Brasil

pesquisas ciências marinhas/Japan

Research on Marine Algae – Brazil x Japan

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Marine algae/Brasil

marine algae/Japan

Research on Marine Bacteria – Japan x Brazil

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Marine Bacteri*/Brasil

marine bacteri*/Japan

Research on Marine Sponges – Japan x Brazil

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Marine Sponge/Brasil

marine sponge/Japan

Marine Natural Products – Japan x Brazil

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

marine natural product*/Brasil

marine natural product*/Japan

Scientific Output and Visibility

1A 1B 1C 1D 2

CNPq research fellowships

Fonte: Plataforma Lattes

Profile of Researchers Developing Projects on Marine Sciences in Brazil

Source: Plataforma Lattes

Profile of investigators developing research in marine biotechnology (Brazil)

bolsistas nível 1 bolsistas nível 2

CNPq research fellowships

Brazil

Area: 248.808,8 km2

SP coastline accounts for 622 Km

Research on Marine Biodiversity and Biodiscovery at Sao Paulo State

Marine Protected Areas

2009 (MPA): 52% area –sustainable use (Nagoya aim is for 10% of MPA)

Biota-FAPESP Program: Time Line

1999: BIOTA- FAPESP, The Virtual Institute of Biodiversity

2009: 10 years - Planning for the next 10 years

Gaps: research on marine biodiversityeducation transposition

http://www.fapesp.br/biota/10scienceplan.pdf

Marine Biodiversity Specific Goals:

• a) spatial-temporal studies of mangroves, as a key ecosystem, and of other marine environments;

• b) determine and monitor populations;

• c) use data generated to improve biodiversity conservation policies;

• d) identify endangered species, mapping their occurrence, status of the population and actions to reduce their extinction risk;

• e) identify invasive species, monitoring their occurrence, expansion rate and implement control actions;

• f) stimulate bioprospection of marine organisms, as a potential source of new lead-molecules of economic interest.

• g) training of taxonomists for key taxa;

• h) Education and science outreach

Marine biodiversity:

Inventory, taxonomy, isolation (biological and

culture collections)

-Isolating and identifying coastal phytoflagellates.

-Red algae taxonomy (DNA barcoding), culture

collection

-Brachyura taxonomy

-Cnidaria taxonomy

-Squid taxonomy

Marine biodiversity specific goals:

• a) spatial-temporal studies of mangroves, as a key ecosystem, and of other marine environments;

Uca burgersi Holthuis, 1967.

Foto: Aline S. Benetti

U. rapax

U. victoriana

0,25 µm

Uca maracoani

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa

of the genus Uca

Spermatophore, spermatozoa

A. S. Benetti

• b) determine and monitor populations;

• Inventory of species (update)

• Taxonomic revisions

• Life cycle of some species

• Factors affecting asexual reproduction

• Protocols for keeping species in

laboratory

• Seasonal patterns of occurrence

• Reproductive patterns

• Feeding behaviour

A. C. Morandini

• c) use data generated to improve biodiversity conservation policies;

- Inventory surveys (rare, invasive, etc)

- Squids population dynamics and distribution

- Fisheries and human dimensions

- Sustainable use of resources

Gracilaria caudataA. Migotto, MA Gasalla

• d) identify endangered species, mapping their occurrence, status of the population and actions to reduce their extinction risk;

• e) identify invasive species, monitoring their occurrence, expansion rate and implement control actions;

Source of basic information: Inventories, taxonomy, population

genetics, etc.

Cassiopea

Marine biodiversity specific goals:• f) stimulate bioprospection of marine organisms, as a potential

source of new lead-molecules of economic interest.

Main products - Didactic materials S. Ursi

- Expositon “Underwater Trail at Schools” 20 posters + microscopic observation + “curiosity cabinet” + games

All materials focus on marine environment and its biodiversity and conservation

- 20 Lesson plans Biota Neotropica articles as knowledge source

Material elaborated at graduation discipline in 2010-2011

- Site dissemination of some materials: www.botanicaonline.com.br

Education and science outreach

Challenges

• Lack of integration among FAPESP

programs (Biota, Bioen & Climate Change)

• Low integration between selected projects

• Absence of a database of previous projects

and publications (non Biota)

• Short term projects

• MAP of marine biodiversity

Suggestions

• Larger integration between SinBIOTA and OBIS

(submission of data to SinBiota would connect

directly to OBIS) – previous projects already in OBIS

(via SinBiota) up to now individual actions

109 records

estimated

distribution

Suggestions

Coordination of efforts for collecting

larger expeditions

End of 2011 (FAPESP): research ship Alpha Crucis (64 m)

Suggestions

• Ocean and marine planning (committee with

researchers from the selected projects)

• update inventories of marine species

• identification guides

• new methodologies (morphology, histology, biology)

• aggregate data from different projects in

educational approach

• digital material for basic education

Perspectives and Necessities

- Increase the number of scientificresearchers dedicated to marine biodiversity and biodiscoveryresearch

- Increase in funding support

- Stimuli to new, emerging groups

- Address problems and questionsrelated to the Brazilian marine environment

- Commitment with a sustainablemanagement of marine resources

ありがとうございます

Thank you very much

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