Post on 13-Jun-2020
transcript
66
MAPS AND GLOBES1
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Identify in the picture the instrument we use to find north.
Look at the picture. What type of information does the big map show?
What is the difference between a physical map and a political map?
How many globes can you see in the picture?
What is the difference between a globe and a map?
Listen to the Maps song. Point to the words you hear.
Sing the song.
What do you know? Let’s find out!
LET’S BEGIN
I can see ...
Useful language
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
the Equator
compass
GPS
globe
map
continent
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Listen, read and act out.
Ana and Tom are exploring the map museum ...2
43
1
How strange! It’s not the
right shape.
Ana, look at this old map
of the Iberian Peninsula.
That’s because
it’s more than
500 years old.
Today, we have new ways
of looking at the Earth.
Like this digital map.
When I touch it, I get
information about
different places.
What do you
two know
about globes?
I know!
They’re
round!
Find out what is
on the other side
of the Earth.
It’s an archipelago ... How
do you pronounce that?
Read the descriptions to guess what they refer to. Then, choose the correct photo to give the answers.
1
a. It represents the Earth as a sphere. b. It works with the help of satellites.
Story
A trip to the map museum
It’s New Zealand!
Not exactly ...
Globes are shaped
like a sphere.
1 12 2
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Work together
You are going to design the floor plan of a new school. In groups, think of the areas and the different rooms that your dream school will have.
Materials: paper, pencil, colouring materials, ruler, A3-coloured card, glue stick, scissors.
A floor plan
9
Steps
Each group member decides which part of the school they are going to work on (classroom, toilets, dining hall and library).
Design your room, drawing the floor plan and adding any important details. Think about these things to include:
• Size and scale. How big or small will it be?• Furniture. Will there be desks, chairs or shelves?• Doors and windows. Where will the door be? How many
windows will it have?
As a group, prepare a blank school floor plan and answer the questions to help you decide where each room should go.
a. Where is the north in your school floor plan? Which rooms should get most sunlight?
b. What is the best location for the toilets?c. Does any room need to be bigger or smaller?d. Is there room for the corridors?
Think first
1
2
3
Evaluate your cooperative learning.
The toilets should be ...
... should / shouldn’t be
bigger / smaller than ...
Useful language
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World mapsWe know what the Earth really looks like because we can take
photos of it from aeroplanes and satellites. We use these photos
to create maps and globes.
Maps show the Earth as flat. There are lots of imaginary lines
on a world map which help us locate different places on the
Earth’s surface.
Looking at the world
Where is there more land: in the Northern or in the Southern Hemisphere?
Name some countries that are in the Northern Hemisphere.
Look for some countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Which continent are they in?
3
1
2
What is the name of the
person who makes maps?
Lines of latitude go horizontally around the Earth. We use these lines to measure distance from the Equator.
Lines of longitude go vertically around the Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole. We use these lines to measure distance from the Greenwich Meridian.
The Equator divides the Earth into the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
The Greenwich Meridian divides the Earth into the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
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NorthernHemisphere
SouthernHemisphere
GlobesGlobes show the Earth as a sphere. They represent the Earth as
it really is. Globes also show how the Earth is tilted on its axis.
The Earth’s axis goes through the North Pole and the South Pole.
Globes are more realistic than maps. They show the correct
shape, size and distances of land and water on the Earth, but in
smaller proportions.
Make a list of the countries the Equator passes through.
Which ocean do the Greenwich Meridian and the Equator cross at?
Do most people use maps or GPS to get to places? What are the advantages of it?
4
5
6
North Pole
axis
South Pole Meridian Line, Greenwich (London)
the Equator
Gre
enw
ich
Mer
idia
n
... are better than ...
because ...
Useful language
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Parts of a map
Which archipelago is Lanzarote part of?
Use a ruler. What is the real distance of 1.5 centimetres on the map?
What do these symbols represent?
2
3
1
ISLAND OF LANZAROTEOrzola
ArrietaTinajo
El GolfoN
S
EW
airport
museum
port
park
hospital
beach
road
motorway
0
0 5 miles
5 10 km
La Santa
Mirador del Río
Arrecife
Costa Teguise
Puertodel Carmen
TíasYaiza
Playa Blanca
Parque Nacionalde Timanfaya
Haría
Teguise
Los Valles
TalcheSan
Bartolomé
Maps are tools that show us different places on Earth. Each part
of a map provides important information. Look at this map of
Lanzarote and learn how to read it.
The compass rose shows the cardinal points: north, south, east and west.
The scale shows the real distance between places.
Symbols are small pictures that represent real things like mountains, rivers, roads and buildings.
The key tells us the meaning of symbols.
Costa Teguise
What are maps used for?
Think of different types
of maps.
a b c d
A compass has a magnetic
needle that always points
north.
Project tips
north.
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Types of maps
There are many types of maps which all show
you different information.
Physical mapsPhysical maps show the location of important
natural features, such as mountains, rivers
and lakes. Different colours are used to
show the elevation of land and the depth
of water.
Political mapsPolitical maps show land divided into different
areas and countries. They also show the
capital cities of countries and other important
cities. Each colour shows the separate areas of
land divided by political borders.
Look at the maps of the United Kingdom.
a. How many countries make up the UK? What are their capital cities?
b. Which is the highest mountain in England?
Can you name the countries which border Spain?2
1
ENGLAND
London
IRELAND
SCOTLAND
NORTHERNIRELAND
WALES
Edinburgh
Belfast
CardiffCelticSea
Manchester
Swansea
Glasgow
Derry-Londonderry
citycapital cityborder
N
S
EW
ATLA
NTI
C O
CEAN
No
r t h S
ea
E n g l i s h C h a n n e l
N
S
EW
Ben Nevis1,344m
Slieve Donard850m
Pennines
Grampia
n M
ount
ains
Northwes
t High
lands
Cambrian
Mou
ntai
ns
Southern Uplands
Thames
EdenScafell Pike978m
Snowdown1,085 m
CelticSea
E n g l i s h C h a n n e l
2,0001,0005002000 sea level
2003,0005,000
Depth (in metres)
Height (in metres)Highest points
ATLA
NTI
C O
CEAN
No
r t h S
ea
political map of the United Kingdom
physical map of the United Kingdom
The highest mountain is ...
Useful language
What do different colours
on a physical map mean?
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Maps of local areas
Street mapsStreet maps are maps of smaller areas, such as a town or a city.
They show natural features, like forests and rivers, and
man-made features, such as hospitals, roads and parks. You can
use these maps to find directions to places you want to go to.
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
B
C
D
E
F
MA
I N S
TR
EE
T
N E W P O R T R O A D
MARKET LANE
RIV
ER
SI D
E A
VE
NU
E
P I NE T
R E E ST R E E T
BU
TT
ER
F I EL D
PA
RK
W I N D Y B R I D G E
A S H T O N R O A D
KN
IGH
T'S LAN
E
RO
SE
ST
RE
ET
BUTCHER'S LANE
WIN
DS
OR
RO
AD
MU
RK
Y
RI V
ER
tourist information
hotel
museum
car park
hospital
post office
petrol station
university
shopping centre
train station
restaurant
bank
bus station
police station
public telephone
public toilet
Street maps show you the names of streets.
Street maps are usually divided into squares to help you find places on the map more easily. Each square corresponds to a letter and a number.
Look at the street map. What places can you find in these squares?
a. A4 b. E5 c. B8 d. C1
Where can you go if ...
... you want to visit an exhibition? ... you break your leg?
Design symbols for a school, cinema and library.
2
3
1
What do the letters GPS
stand for?
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Going placesStreet maps can help you go from one place in town to another.
A metro map helps you find your way around a large city by
travelling underground.
turn left turn right go straight on
go past it is on the left
it is on the right
How do I get from the ... to
the ...?
Go straight on and turn left
/ right.
It is on the left / right.
Take the ... line. It is the first
/ second, etc., stop.
Take the ... line to ... station
and then take the ... line to
... station.
Useful language
Look at the street map. Ask your partner how to go from the supermarket to the bank.
MA
I N S
TR
EE
T
C H U R C H R O A D
PA
RK
ST
RE
ET
C E N T R A L A V E N U E
C A S T L E S T R E E T
M U S E U M S T R E E T
100 m
N
S
EW
Look at the metro map. How do you get from Queensway Station (red line) to Leicester Square (black line)?
4
5
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A large-scale map shows more details and
features are larger.
In this map, one centimetre equals 100
metres.
A small-scale map shows less details and
features are smaller.
In this map, one centimetre equals 500
metres.
The scale of a map Do maps show features in
their real size?
A map shows a large area of land on a piece of paper or on a
screen. Natural and man-made features are scaled down so
they fit on the map.
All the different things on the map (roads, squares, parks, etc.)
are reduced by the same amount. Not all maps have the same
scale. The two maps below show the same place, but on
different scales.
N
S
EW
100 m
A1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B
C
D
E
F
8 9
500 m
A1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B
C
D
E
F
8 9
N
S
EW
What can you see on the small-scale map that you cannot see on the large-scale map?
Use the large-scale map and a ruler to find out the real distances between the following places:
• from the museum to the post office
• from the public toilets to the taxi station
• from the petrol station to the tourist information office.
Now use the small-scale map. Is the distance the same?
2
3
1
The ... is ... metres from
the ...
Useful language
Large-scale maps Small-scale maps
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wall
window
doorway
door
stairs
lift
publictoilet
table
chairs
toilet
sink
wall
window
doorway
door
stairs
lift
publictoilet
table
chairs
toilet
sink
wall
window
doorway
door
stairs
lift
publictoilet
table
chairs
toilet
sink
wall
window
doorway
door
stairs
lift
publictoilet
table
chairs
toilet
sink
wall
window
doorway
door
stairs
lift
publictoilet
table
chairs
toilet
sink
Floor plansA floor plan shows, from above, the location and size of the
rooms in a building. You often find floor plans in museums,
hospitals, shopping centres, airports, etc.
Like maps, floor plans use different scales. A floor plan with
a small scale shows less detail, so the features look smaller.
A floor plan with a large scale shows more detail, so the
features look larger. Look at this floor plan of a museum.
Floor plans also use symbols to show things like stairs, lifts,
furniture, windows and doors.
There is a / an ...
There are some ...
There isn’t a / an ...
There aren’t any ...
Useful language
Look at the map above. Do the toilet doors open from right to left or from left to right? How do you know?
Draw a floor plan of your house on two different scales:
• on a large scale to show only your bedroom
• on a small scale to show the entire house
Compare your floor plan with your partner. How similar are they? How different is your bedroom?
6
5
4
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Our world
Maps are important because they provide you with lots of
useful information. Depending on what you are looking for,
you need to look at one map or another. There are road maps,
weather maps, streets maps, political maps, physical maps, etc.
Each type of map you know is a tool that can help you in any
situation, from finding the nearest street to locating the nearest
continent.
Our worldThe importance of maps
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SPAIN
N
S
EW
PORTUGAL
FRANCE
Andorra
Illes Balears
ATL
AN
TIC
OC
EAN
Strait of Gibraltar
Mediterranean Sea
Cantabrian Sea
MOROCCO
ALGERIACanarias
I B E R I A N P E N I N S U L A
Madrid
A Coruña
SevillaAlmería
Alicante
Teruel
Which countries are to the north of Spain? And to the west? Which continent is to the south of Spain?
How many countries make up the Iberian Peninsula?
Look at the climate map. Can you identify what the different colours represent?
Look at the climate map. Identify the climate of:
a. Madrid b. Alicante c. Sevilla
1
2
3
4
28 18
30 18
26 1628 18
28 16
28 18
27 18
26 1826 16
26 18
24 1822 14
26 11
18 8
20 12
18 10
18 10
20 11
18 10
18 8
20 14
17 8 16 10
15 8
20 14
28 15
28 16
16 8 18 10
25 1825 17
20 12
29 17
10 2
weather map
climate mappolitical map
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Maps do not just help you find your way around your local area.
They open up the world to you. You can learn a lot about other
countries: how big they are, what countries they are next to, the
names of their important cities and much more!
1 What is the capital city of England?
2 What is the highest mountain in Scotland?
3 Which country is to the north of England?
4 How do you get from Big Ben to Waterloo station?
5 Which river runs through London? Where can you cross it?
6 Name the sea the Thames River flows into.
Which map do you need?
19
Work with your partner. Ask questions 1–6 and answer them, using the correct maps.
Which map do you use if you want to go mountain climbing in Scotland? And if you want to know where London is located? Which map do you use to find the London Eye?
6
5
N
S
EW
Ben Nevis1,344m
Slieve Donard850m
Pennines
Grampia
n M
ount
ains
Northwes
t High
lands
Cambrian
Mou
ntai
ns
Southern Uplands
Thames
EdenScafell Pike978m
Snowdown1,085 m
CelticSea
E n g l i s h C h a n n e l
2,0001,0005002000 sea level
2003,0005,000
Depth (in metres)
Height (in metres)Highest points
ATLA
NTI
C O
CEAN
No
r t h S
ea
EdinburghEdinburghEdinburghEdinburghEdinburghEdinburgh
citycapital cityborder
N
S
EW
ATATALA
NTI
CO
CEAN
No
r t hS
ea
g l i s h C h a n n e l
Waterloo Bridge
LondonEye
Yo
r k R
oa
d
Waterlootube station
BigBen
Jubi
lee
Gar
dens
Belv
eder
e Ro
ad
DowningStreet
Westminster BridgeBridge St.
Vic
tor i
a E
mb
an
km
en
t
Wh
i t eh
al l
Northumberland Ave
A301Ri
ve
r
Th
am
esa
b c
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REVIEW
What type of information can you find in each map from activity 1?
2
20
Copy and complete in your notebook. 1
N
S
EW
Ben Nevis1,344m
Slieve Donard850m
Pennines
Grampia
n M
ount
ains
Northwes
t High
lands
Cambrian
Mou
ntai
ns
Southern Uplands
Thames
EdenScafell Pike978m
Snowdown1,085 m
CelticSea
E n g l i s h C h a n n e l
2,0001,0005002000 sea level
2003,0005,000
Depth (in metres)
Height (in metres)Highest points
ATLA
NTI
C O
CEAN
No
r t h S
ea
maps
..... map..... map ..... map
Correct the following false sentences in your notebook. 3
a Lines of longitude go horizontally around
the Earth.
b The Equator goes from the North Pole to
the South Pole.
c Greenwich Meridian divides the Earth
into the Northern and the Southern
Hemisphere.
d Globes show the Earth as flat.
Pretend to be a cartographer. In your notebook, draw an imaginary island and add details. This list can help you.
4
• Add the capital city. Is it in the north? In
the south?
• Add two main cities to your island. Where
are they?
• Make sure there is more than one mountain
and use colours to show their height.
• Use different colours to show water depth.
• Add symbols and the key to show what
they represent.
• Do not forget the compass rose.
• Think about the scale you want to use.
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Read the definitions and complete the words they refer to in your notebook.
In pairs, put the words in order to make questions. Test your partner.
a C..... r.....: It shows the cardinal points on a map: north, south,
east and west.
b S.....: This small image shows the real distance between two
places.
c S.....: They are small pictures on a map that represent real
places.
d K.....: It shows what the symbols used on a map represent.
5
6
21
Use maps on the internet.
Study skills
Pupil A Pupil B
a. map / as / flat / a / does / the / show / Earth ?
b. are / cardinal / the / points / what ?
c. map / shows / which / features / natural ?
d. is / what / floor / a / plan ?
a. does / flat / a / globe / as / show / Earth / the ?
b. is / where / Equator / the ?
c. important / maps / why / are ?
d. symbols / what / are / a / map / on ?
What do you know now? Check your progress!
• Open an internet browser and search for
a map website.
• Type the name of a country, city, town
or an address into the search bar.
• You can zoom in and zoom out to have
a closer view or a general one.
• You can also choose a satellite view of the area.
• You can click and hold the mouse to move the
map.
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