MARC 21: prologue

Md. Zahid Hossain ShoebDeputy Librarian

Independent University, Bangladesh

Friday, 05 July, 2013

Training programme on MARC 21Bangladesh Association of Librarians, Information Scientists and Documentalists

Presentation contents

• Bibliographic record and access point

• MARC record basics

• MARC record history and progression

• MARC 21 component, format and elements

• MARC 21 record example

• MARC 21 in Bangladesh

Part 1

The Bibliographic Record

The Bibliographic Record

The description of an item of recorded information, which includes all the data necessary to uniquely identify it, together with access points.

The Bib Record and the Library Catalog

• Find

• Identify

• Select

• Acquire

Description and Access: Summary

Access Points(Used to identify and collocate an item)

• Title proper• Place of publication• Year• Names

• Personal• Corporate• Conference• Geographic

• Uniform titles• Topical terms

Bibliographic Description(Used to uniquely identify an item)

1. Title and statement of responsibility2. Edition3. Publication and manufacturing4. Physical description5. Series6. Notes of useful information7. Standard numbers

Part 2

The Bibliographic Record and MARC

Who’s MARC, anyway?

• Actor, author or artist?

No—none of them!

Catalog card similar to OPAC display

OPAC View(Koha)

Catalog card similar to OPAC display

OPAC Staff View(Koha)

Catalog card similar to OPAC display

ISBD View(Koha)

OPAC display derived from MARC record

MARC View(Koha)

MARC record view - more

MARC View(Evergreen)

MARC record view - more

MARC View(Voyager)

MARC record view - more

MARC View(bookwhere)

What is MARC record?

• What is a MARC record? – A MARC record is a MA chine-Readable Cataloging record. – "Machine-readable" means that one particular type of

machine, a computer, can read and interpret the data in the cataloging record (bibliographic record)

– “an assemblage of formats, publications, procedures, people, standards, systems, equipment, etc., that has evolved over the years stimulating the development of library automation and information networks…nationally and internationally.” - Henriette Avram (1919-2006)

– A way ro share bibliographic data among libraries. It is used for encoding metadata and transmitting it from one system to another

– All MARC standards conform to ISO 2709:1996 Information and documentation -- Format for Information Exchange

Who uses MARC?

• Public, Academic, Research, Corporate Libraries (and many more)

• Book vendors• Library of Congress (Free)• Bibliographic Utilities (Not Free)

Brief History of MARC 21

• 1966-1968: Dr. Henriette Avram leads the MARC development project for the Library of Congress. The British National Biography also develops a MARC format.

• 1970s-1980s: Some countries independently develop their own MARC formats, while other countries base their MARC formats on those of the US and UK.

• 1977: UNIMARC is developed as an exchange format, and some countries later adapt it to operate as their national formats.

• 1990s: MARC-to-SGML DTDs developed, later followed by XML DTDs and MCL schemas.

• 2000: US and Canadian MARC formats officially merge as MARC 21 • Present: Libraries across the world have adopted the MARC 21 format

Progression to MARC 21

US-MARC

UK-MARC

US-MARC-based

UK-MARC-based

Other MARC

formats

UNI-MARC

US-MARC-based

UK-MARC

Other MARC

formats

UNI-MARC-based

MARC 21

MARC 21: components

• A leader • A directory • An assortment of content field – Control fields – Code and number fields – Variable data fields

Variable data fields

• 1XX Main entry fields • 2XX Title and edition fields • 3XX Physical description fields • 4XX Series fields • 5XX Notes fields • 6XX Subject fields • 7XX Added entry and linking fields • 8XX Series added entry and holding data fields • 9XX Local data fields

MARC 21: formatsName Description

Authority records

provide information about individual names, subjects, and uniform titles. An authority record establishes an authorized form of each heading, with references as appropriate from other forms of the heading.

Bibliographic recordsdescribe the intellectual and physical characteristics of bibliographic resources (books, sound recordings, video recordings, and so forth).

Classification recordsMARC records containing classification data. For example, the Library of Congress Classification has been encoded using the MARC 21 Classification format.

Community Information records

MARC records describing a service providing agency. For example, the local homeless shelter or tax assistance provider.

Holdings records provide copy-specific information on a library resource (call number, shelf location, volumes held, and so forth).

MARC 21: elements

245 14 $a The great cat massacre and other episodes in French cultural history / $c Robert Darnton.

250 \\ $a 2nd Vintage Books ed.

260 \\ $a New York : $b Vintage Books, $c 1990.

300 \\ $a xiii, 298 p. : $b ill. ; $c 21 cm.

504 \\ $a Includes bibliographical references and index.

TAG INDICATOR DELIMITER SUBFIELD CODE FIELD

Example of MARC 21 record=LDR 00000nam\a2200000\a\4500=005 20111115115722.0=008 111126s2008\\\\ii\a\\\\\b\\\\001\0\eng\\=020 \\$a9780073046235=040 \\$aBD-DhIUB$cBD-DhIUB=082 00$a332.1068$222=100 1\$aRose, Peter S.=245 10$aBank management & financial services /$cPeter S. Rose, Sylvia C. Hudgins.=246 3\$aBank management and financial services=250 \\$a7th ed.=260 \\$aNew York :$bMacmillan,$cc2008.=300 \\$axxv, 722 p. :$bill. ;$c25 cm.=504 \\$aIncludes bibliographical references and index.=650 \0$aFinancial institutions$zUnited States.=650 \0$aBank management$zUnited States.=700 1\$aHudgins, Sylvia Conway,$d1956-

MARC 21 in BangladeshActionAid Bangladesh

Ananda Mohan College

Ayesha Abed Library, BRAC University

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Central Library

Bangladesh Agricultural University

Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistic

Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies

Bangladesh National Museum

Bangladesh University of Health Sciences

Bir Shreshtha Noor Mohammad Public College

Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed

Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET)

Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

Daffodil International University

Dhaka College

East West University

Eastern University

Green University of Bangladesh Library

Independent University, Bangladesh, Library

Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University

Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Manarat International University

Martin Luther College

Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University

Ministry of Education Bangladesh Secretariate

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Library

National Academy for Educational Management (NAEM), Ministry of Education.

Noakhali Science and Technology University

Northern University Bangladesh

Premier University

Rajshahi University Library

Seminar Library-Dept. of Information Science and Library Management, University of Dhaka

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Library

Southeast University

Web resources

1. Understanding MARC bibliographic1. http://www.loc.gov/marc/umb/Clear and concise overview of (nearly) everything MARC.

2. Online Dictionary for Information Science1. http://lu.com/odlis/index.cfmA useful LIS dictionary with many examples and external links.

3. OCLC Bibliographic formats and standards1. http://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/Essential reference for all catalogers.

4. Library of Congress. MARC standards1. http://www.loc.gov/marc/Much more than just MARC. Essential reference.

THANK YOU