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7/27/2019 Master Drug List
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Generic Name: Acetaminophen Trade Name: Tylenol
Classification: Central analgesic/Non-narcoticanalgesic/antipyretic
Action: Appears to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS and , to a lesserextent, block pain impulses through peripheral action. Acts centrally on
hypothalamic heat-regulating center, producing peripheral vasodilation (heat loss,
skin erythema, diaphoresis).
Adult Dosage: 325-650 mg q4-6h, max 4 g per day Reason Receiving: Pain relief
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationRare- hypersensitivityreaction
Drug:Alcohol(chronicuse), liver enzymesinducers(e.g., cimetidine),hepatotoxic medications(e.g., phenytoin), warfarinFood: None Known
Assess onset, duration, locationand intensity of pain. Assess forclinical improvement and reliefof pain, fever.
Generic Name: acetaminophen and
hydrocodone
Trade Name: Vicodin
Classification: Opioid agonist
(schedule III)
Action: Binds with opioid receptors; also antipyretic
Adult Dosage: 500 mg/5 mg one to twotablets q.4-6h as needed for pain
Reason Receiving: moderate to moderately severe pain
Newborn Dosage: Safety andeffectiveness has not been established
Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Lightheadedness/dizziness
Sedation
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation
Respiratory depression
Skin rash and pruritus
Give without regard to meals.
Tablets may be crushed.
Obtain VS before giving
medication; respirations 12 or
less (20 or less in kids) hold
medication and call physician.
Assess onset, type, location,
duration of pain.
Evaluate for urinary retention.
Monitor daily bowel pattern
and stool consistency.
Start deep breathing and
coughing exercises.
Assess for clinical
improvement; record onset of
relief of pain, cough.
Caution with breastfeeding
mothers
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Generic Name: acetaminophen 500mg and oxycodone 5 mg
Trade Name: Tylox
Classification: opioid analgesic; non-narcotic analgesic, antipyretic
Action: semisynthetic narcotic analgesia involving the CNS, andblocks pain impulses; also, results in antipyresis
Adult Dosage: one capsule q6h asneeded for pain
Reason Receiving: moderate to moderately severe pain orantiemesis
Newborn Dosage: safety andeffectiveness has not been established Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Dizziness/lightheadedness
Sedation
Nausea, vomiting
Skin rash and pruritus
Constipation
May be habit forming
Caution if breasting feeding
mother
Assess onset, type, location and
duration of pain.
Assess for clinical improvement
and relief of pain/fever.
Assess mental and/or physical
abilities
Generic Name: Acetylsalicylic Acid Trade Name: AspirinClassification: Nonsteroidal salicylate/Anti-inflammatory
Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, acts on the hypothalamus heat-regulating center,interfers with production of thromboxane A, a substance that
stimulates platelet aggregation.
Adult Dosage: 80-325mg/day Reason Receiving: Reduces inflammation due to osteoarthritis
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C (D if full dose used in 3 rd trimester ofpregnancy)
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
GI distress(includingabdominal distention,cramping, heartburn, mildnausea); allergic reaction(including bronchospasm,
pruritis, urticaria)
Drug: ETOH, NSAIDs,Antiacids, urinary alkalinizers,Anitcoagulants, heparin,thrombolytics, Plateletaggregation inhibitors, valproicacid, methotrexate, zidovudine,
ototoxic meds, vancomysin,probenecid, sulfinpyrazone.Food: None Known
Assess type, location, durationof pain, inflammation Monitorurinary pH Assess skin forecchymosisReport tinnitus or persistent
abdominal GI pain
Generic Name: Acyclovir Trade Name: Zovirax
Classification:Synthetic Nucleoside/Antiviral Action: Converts to acyclovir triphosphate, becoming part of DNAchain.
Adult Dosage: 200mg Q4H, 5 times per day Reason Receiving: Prevent infection
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationRare; vomiting, diarrhea, rash, HA History of allergies
Assess herpes simplex lesions bftreatment to assess therapeutic effect
Provide comfort measures
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Generic Name: Albuterol Trade Name: Albuterol Sulfate
Classification: Sympathomimetic/Bronchodilator Action: Stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors in lungs, resulting inrelaxation of bronchial smooth muscle.
Adult Dosage:2.5mg 3-4 times/day over 5-15 mins Reason Receiving: Relief of bronchospasm
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
HA, nausea,restlessness,nervousness, tremors,dizziness, throat drynessand irritation, pharyngitis,B/P changes, heartburn,transient wheezing.
Drug: Beta-blockers,digoxin, MAOIs, tricyclicantidepressants, Thyroidhormone.Food: None Known
Monitor rate, depth, rhythm,type of respirations and pulse.Assess lung sounds.Increasefluids. Rinse mouth with waterafter inhalation.
Generic Name: Allopurinol Trade Name: Zyloprim
Classification: Antigout/Xanthine oxidase inhibitor Action: Decreases uric acid production by inhibiting xanthineoxidase, an enzyme
Adult Dosage:600-800mg/day Reason Receiving: Decrease uric acid due tochemotherapy
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Somnolence; Unusual hair loss;diarrhea; HA
Tell patient to drink 10 to 12 glasses ofwater daily. Monitor I&O, assess cbc,uric acid hepatic function tests Assessurine for color, clarity, odor, assess fortherapeutic response
Generic Name: Alprazolam Trade Name: Xanax
Classification: benzodiazepine(schedule IV)/Antianxiety Action: Enhances the action of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA) in the brain
Adult Dosage: 0.25-0.5mg 3 times per day Reason Receiving: Treatment for Anxiety
Geriatric Dosage: 0.25mg 2-3 times a day Pregnancy Category: DSide Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationAtaxia, light headedness,mild somnolence, slurredspeech, confusion,constipation
Drug: Potentiated effectswhen used with other CNSdepressants (including alcohol).Ketoconazole, nefazodone,fluvoxamine may inhibit hepaticmetabolism, increase serum
concentration. Food: Noneknown
Offer emotional support assessmotor responses, performhepatic/renal function test, bloodcounts periodically. Evaluate fortherapeutic response
Generic Name: Amitriptyline HCL Trade Name: Elavil
Classification:Antineuralgia/Antidepressant Action: Blocks reuptake of neurotransmitters, at presynaptic membranes,increase availability of receptor sites.
Adult Dosage: 25-100mg at bedtime Reason Receiving: Relief of neuropathic pain
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Dizziness, somnolence,dry mouth, orthostatichypotension, HA,increased appetite,weight gain, nausea,fatigue, unpleasant taste
Drug: CNS depressants,Antithyroid agents,Phenothiazine,Cimetidine, valporic acid,clonidine,sympathomimetics.Food: None Known
Assess location, type,frequency, duration of pain.Monitor B/P & Pulse. Assesspain relief.
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Generic Name: Amlodipiine Besylate Trade Name:Norvasc
Classification: Calcium Channel Blocker/Antihypertensive Action: Inhibits Ca movement across cardiac and vascularsmooth muscle cell membranes.
Adult Dosage: Initially 5mg/day as a single dose. Increase by2.5mg/day for 7-14 days
Reason Receiving: Hypertension
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Peripheral edema, HA, flushing,dizziness, palpitations, nausea,unusual fatigue or weakness
Assess b/p, apical pulseAssess for peripheral edema.Assess skin for flushing.
Generic Name: Amphotericin B Lipid Trade Name: Abelcet
Classification:Antifungal/Antiprotozoal Action:Generally fungistatic but may become fungicidal with highdosages or very susceptible microorganisms. Binds to stero;s om fungal
cell membrane.Adult Dosage: 2.5-5mg/kg/day at a rate of2.5mg/kg/hr
Reason Receiving: Prevents fungal infection
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category:B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Chills, fever, increased serumcreatinine, multiple organ failure
Hx fo allergies to amphotericin B,sulfite. Monitor b/p, temp, pulse,resp. Evaluate IV site forphlebitis(heat, pain, red streakingover vein). Monitor I&O.
Generic Name: Aripiprazole Trade Name: Abilify
Classification: Dopamine agonist/Antipsychoiticagent
Action: Provides partial agonist activity at dopamine andserotonin (5-HT1A) receptors and antagonist activity at serotonin (5-HT2A) receptors.
Adult Dosage: 2-5mg/day Reason Receiving: Depression
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Weight gain, HA, insomnia,vomiting
Periodically monitor weight. Monitor forextrapyramidal symptoms (abnormalmovement), tardive dyskinesia(protrudingtongue, puffing of cheeks,chewing/puckering of mouth). Monitor B/P,pulse. Assess for therapeutic response.
Generic Name: Ascorbic Acid Trade Name: Vitamin C
Classification: Vitamin Action: assist in tissue repair, involved in oxidation reaction
Adult Dosage: 50-200 mg per day Reason Receiving: supplement
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: A
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationAbdominal cramps, NV, diarrhea,increased urination.
Monitor for Abdominal cramps, NV,diarrhea, increased urination.
No complaints of abdominal cramp,NV.
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Generic Name: aspirin Trade Name: Ecotrin
Classification: nonsteroidal salicylate Action: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, acts on thehypothalamus regulating center and inhibits plateletaggregation
Adult Dosage: 325-650 mg Reason Receiving: prophylactic for MI
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationGI distressAllergic reaction
Alcohol, NSAIDs,antacids, heparin, plateletaggregation inhibitors,valproic acid
Assess skin for ecchymosisAssess pain levelAssess PLT
Generic Name: Atenolol Trade Name: Tenormin
Classification: Beta-AdrenergicBlocker/Antihypertensive
Action: Blocks beta1-adrenergice receptors in cardiactissue.
Adult Dosage: 25-50mg daily Reason Receiving: hypertension
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: D
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Hypotension manifested as coldextremities, constipation ordiarrhea, diaphoresis, dizziness,fatigue, HA, nausea
Assess B/P, apical pulse beforeadmin med. Respiration fordifficulty in breathing. Monitor I&O.Monitor bowel activity. Assessextremities for coldness.
Generic Name: atorvastatin calcium Trade Name: LipitorClassification: HMG-CoA reductaseinhibitor; antihyperlipidemic
Action: inhibits the enzyme that catalyzes the early step in cholesterolsynthesis; decreased LDL and VLDL, and increases HDL
Adult Dosage: 10-20 mg (80 max) Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: Safety not established Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E EvaluationGenerally well tolerated; if any, mildand transient.HeadacheMyalgia, rash, pruritis, allergy
Monitor for headacheAssess for rash, pruritus, malaiseMonitor cholesterol, triglyceride labs fortherapeutic response
Generic Name: azithromycin Trade Name: Zithromax
Classification: macrolide; antibiotic Action: binds to ribosomal receptor sites of susceptible organisms, inhibitingRNA-dependent protein synthesis; bacterostatic/bactericidal
Adult Dosage: 1200 mg once weekly Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominalpain Check for GI discomfort, nausea,vomitingMonitor daily pattern of bowels and stoolconsistencyMonitor hepatic function tests, assess forhepatotoxicity (malaise, fever, abdominalpain, GI disturbancesBe alert for superinfection (fever,vomiting, diarrhea, anal/genital pruritus,oral mucosal changes
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Generic Name: Baclofen Trade Name: Lioresal
Classification: skeletal muscle relaxant, antispastic Action: inhibits transmission of reflexes at spinal cord level
Adult Dosage: 40-80mg/day Reason Receiving: spasms due to spinal injury
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category:C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationTransient somnolence, asthenia, dizziness,light headedness, NV. Hypotension,confusion,
Assess for paradoxical reaction. For longterm therapy, hepatic/renal function test,Evaluate for therapeutic response.
K-3.6NA- 141CL- 105BP 151/84-132-78No pt complains of somnolence,dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea
Generic Name: betamethasone Trade Name: Diprolene
Classification: adrenocorticosteroid;anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant
Action: controls rate of protein synthesis, prevents or controlsinflammation; decreases tissue response to inflammatory process
Adult Dosage: 0.6-7.2 mg/day po Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: 0.0175-0.25mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided doses po
Pregnancy Category: C (D if in first trimester)
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Increased appetite
Abdominal distention
Nervousness
Insomnia
False sense of well being
Topical: burning, stinging,pruritus
Question for hypersensitivity toany of the corticosteroids
Obtain baselines for height,weight, BP, glucose, electrolytes
Monitor BP, blood glucose,electrolytes
Apply topical preparationsparingly and not on broken skinor areas of infection
Do not apply to wet skin, face oringuinal areas
IM inject slowly, deep IM intolarge muscle
Generic Name: bisacodyl Trade Name: Dulcolax
Classification: GI stimulant Action: stimulates intramural nerve plexi of colonic smooth muscle
Adult Dosage: 10 mg rectally Reason Receiving: induce bowel movement
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationSome degree of abdominaldiscomfort
NauseaMild crampsFaintness
With rectal, mild burning ofrectal mucosa
AntacidsCimetidine
FamotidineRanitidineMilk
Chill for 30 min in frig if too softMoisten suppository with cold
water before insertionEncourage adequate fluidintakeAssess BS for peristalsisMonitor bowel activity and stoolconsistencyMonitor electrolytes
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Generic Name: budesonide Trade Name: Symbicort/FormoterolClassification: anti-inflammatory, antiallergy Action: relieves symptoms of allergic rhinitisAdult Dosage: 1 spray each nostril per day Reason Receiving:
Newborn Dosage: nebulizer 0.5 mg/day Pregnancy Category: B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Flu-like symptoms, headache,pharyngitisBack pain, vomiting, altered taste,voice changes, abdominal pain,nausea, dyspepsia
Monitor relief of symptoms
Generic Name:Bupropion HCL Trade Name:Wellbutrin XL
Classification:Aminoketone/Antidepressant Action: Blocks reuptakeof neurotransmitters,(serotonin,norepinephrine) at CNS presynaptic membranes, increasing availability
at postsynapticeceptor sites.Reduces firing rate of noradrenergic
neurons.Adult Dosage:150mg daily Reason Receiving: Major depression
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category:B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Constipation, weight gain or loss,nausea, vomiting, anorexia, drymouth, HA, diaphoresis, tremor,sedation, insomnia, dizziness,agitation.
Hepatic/renal function tests.Assess appearance, behavior,speech pattern, level of interest,mood.
Generic Name: busPIRone Trade Name: BuSparClassification: nonbarbiturate Action: binds to serotonin, dopamine at presynaptic neurotransmitter
receptors in CNS; anxiolytic
Adult Dosage: 5 mg 2-3 times a day Reason Receiving: augment depression meds
Geriatric Dosage: 5 mg bid Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Dizziness, somnolence,nausea, headacheNervousness, fatigue,insomnia, dry mouth,lightheadedness, moodswings, blurred vision,poor concentration,diarrhea, paresthesia
Alcohol, other CNSdepressantsErythromycin, MAOIsSt. Johns wortGrapefruit and grapefruitjuice
Offer emotional support ifanxiousAssess motor responses(agitation, trembling, tension),autonomic responses (cold,clammy hands; diaphoresis)Monitor LFTs, renal function,blood counts for long-term useAssist with ambulation if dizzy
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Generic Name: Calcium Carbonate- Vit D Trade Name:Alpo-Cal, Caltrate
Classification: electrolyte replenisher Action:Assists in regulating release/storage of hormones.Neutralizes/reduces gastric acid(increases ph)
Adult Dosage: 1-2 g a day in divided doses Reason Receiving: prevention of calcium deficiency
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side Effects
Nursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationMilk alkali syndrome(HA,decreased appetite, NV, unusualfatigue) Chalky taste
Assess BP, EKG, and cardiacrhythm renal function, serummagnesium phosphate, potassiumconcentrations.
Generic Name: Calcium Polycarbophil Trade Name: Fiber-Lax
Classification: Bulk-forming laxative/antidiarrheal Action: Retains water in intestines, opposesdehydrating forces of bowel.
Adult Dosage: 2 tab- 625 mg orally Reason Receiving: Prevents Constipation
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects
Nursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationAbdominal pain, Nausea, vomiting Take with adequate amount of
water(8 ounces)
Generic Name: carbamazepine Trade Name: Tegretol
Classification: iminostilbene derivative;anticonvulsant, antipsychotic
Action: decreases sodium, calcium ion influx into neural membranes,reducing post-tetanic potentiation at synapses; anticonvulant effect
Adult Dosage: 200 mg bid Reason Receiving: withdrawal
Geriatric Dosage: 100 mg 1-2 times a day Pregnancy Category: D
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Drowsiness, dizziness,nausea, vomiting
Visual abnormalities(spots, difficult focusing,blurred), drymouth/pharynx, tongueirritation, headache, fluidretention, diaphoresis,constipation, diarrhea
Anticoagulants,clarithromycin, diltiazem,
erythromycin, estrogens,propoxyphene,quinindine, steroidsAntipsychotics,haloperidol, tricyclicsOther anticonvulsants,barbiturates,benzodiazepine, valproicacid, MAOIsSt. Johns wort,grapefruit, grapefruit juice
Monitor CBC, iron, UA, BUNAssess for early signs of toxicity
(fever, sore throat, mouthulcerations, unusualbruising/bleeding, joint pain)
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Generic Name: carvedilol Trade Name: CoregClassification: beta-adrenergic blocker;antihypertensive
Action: has nonselective beta-blocking and alpha-adrenergic blocking activity;causes vasodilation; reduces cardiac output and tachycardia; reduces peripheralvascular resistance
Adult Dosage: 6.25 mg/day (50 max) Reason Receiving: HypertensionNewborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Generally well tolerated with mildtransient side effectsFatigue, dizzinessDiarrhea, bradycardia, rhinitis, backpain
Monitor BP for hypotension and resp fordyspneaAssess pulse for quality, irregular rate,bradycardiaMonitor EKG for arrhythmiasAssist with ambulation if dizzinessoccursAssess for CHF (dyspnea, night cough,peripheral edema, distended neck veins)Monitor I&O
Generic Name: cefazolin Trade Name: cefazolin
Classification: first-gen cephalosporin Action: Inhibits cell wall synthesis of bacterial cell
membranes; bactericidalAdult Dosage: 0.5-1 g q.6-8 h postop Reason Receiving: Prophylaxis postoperatively
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Oral candidiasisMild diarrheaMild abdo crampingVaginal candidiasisNausea
AminoglycosidesFurosemideProbenecidWarfarin = bleedingNo herbs or food
Assess oral cavityMonitor daily bowel activity andstool consistencyMonitor I&O, renal functiontestsBe alert for superinfection(fever, vomiting, diarrhea)
Generic Name: Cefepime HCL/ Trade Name: Maxipime
Classification: 4 generation cephalosporin Action: binds to bacterial cell membranesAdult Dosage:1-2 grams q12h over 7-10days Reason Receiving: pneumonia
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category:B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Oral candidiasis, mild diarrhea, mildabdominal cramping
Question for allergies tocephalosporins and penicillins
Assess oral cavity for white patches.Monitor bowel activity, I&O, renalfunction test
Generic Name: Ceftriaxone Trade Name: RocephinClassification: 3
rgeneration
cephalosporin/AntibioticAction: Binds to bacterial cell membranes, inhibits cell wallsynthesis. Bactericide.
Adult Dosage: 1-2g as a single dose or in 2 divideddoses
Reason Receiving: Treatment of gram(-) infections
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Oral candidiasis, milddiarrhea, mild abdominal
Drug: ProbenecidFood: None Known
Assess hx of sensitivity. Assessoral cavity. Monitor bowel
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cramping, vaginalcandidiasis
pattern and activity. Asses forsuperinfection: fever, vomiting,diarrhea, anal/genital pruritis,oral mucosal changes.
Generic Name: Cetirizine HCl Trade Name: ZyrtecClassification: 2nd Generation Piperazine/Antihistamine Action: Competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on
effector cells in GI tract, blood vessels, respiratory tract.Adult Dosage: Initially 5-10mg/day as a single or in 2 divideddoses
Reason Receiving: Seasonal Allergies
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Pharyngitis; dry mucousmembranes, nose, throat; N/V;abdominal pain; HA; dizziness;fatigue; thickening of mucus;somnolence; photosensitivity;urinary retention
Assess lung sounds. Increasefluids to maintain thin secretionsand offset thrist. Monitorsymptoms for therapeuticresponse.
Generic Name: Chemo-Cytarabine Trade Name: Cytarabine
Classification:Antimetabolite/Antineoplastic Action: Converted intracellularly to nucleotide. Cell cycle-specificfor S phase of cell division.
Adult Dosage: 75-200mg/m2/day for 5-10 days Reason Receiving: Prevents cell growth
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: D
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Asthenia, fever, pain, alteredtaste/smell, nausea, vomiting
Monitor CBC for evidence ofmyelosuppression.Monitor for blood dyscrasias(fever,sore throat, signs of local infection,unusual bruising/bleeding).Increase fluid intake
Generic Name: Chemo-cyclophosphamide(sye-cloe-FOSS-fa-mide
Trade Name: Cytoxam
Classification: alkylating agent Action: Inhibits DNA,RNA protein synthesis
Adult Dosage:400-1800mg/m2 per treatment course (1-5days)
Reason Receiving: ACL
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Marked leucopenia 8-15 days afterinitial therapy. Nausea vomiting
Obtain WBC count weekly duringtherapy or until maintenance dose isestablished than at 2-3 wk intervals.Monitor CBC, Monitor for hematologictoxicity.
No complaints of NVWBC-4.0L RBC- 2.78LPLT- 152L Seg. Neu-2.6Lymph-0.5L Mono-0.8Baso- 0.0 EOSN-0.0
Generic Name: Chemo- Decitabine DACOG Trade Name:
Classification: antineoplastic Action: exerts cytotoxic effect on rapidly dividing cells
Adult Dosage: 15 mg given over 3hrs q8h Reason Receiving: treatment of AML
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: D
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationFever, nausea, cough, constipation, Monitor for fever, sore throat, signs of Did not administer. No c/o of NV,
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diarrhea, peripheral edema,echhymosis, arthralgia.
local infection. Monitor and report N/V,diarrhea, If pt has active oruncontrolled infection, treatment shouldbe stopped and not restarted untiltoxicity if resolved.
diarrhea, peripheral edema,echymosis, arthralgia.Pt being treated for pneumonia.Temp-96.5Pt c/o unproductive cough
Generic Name: Chemo-etoposide (eh-TOE-poe-side) Trade Name: Toposar, VePesid
Classification: Epipodophyllotoxin Action: Inhibits single and double stranded breaks in DNA.Adult Dosage: 150 mg/m2/day for 2-3 days, 2-3 cycles Reason Receiving: ACL
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Mild to moderate nausea/vomiting,alopecia.
Obtain hematologic test beforeadministration at frequent intervalsduring therapy. Use anti-emetics tocontrol nausea and vomiting.
No complaints of NVHGB-9.9L HCT-25.9LWBC- RBC-PLT- Seg. Neu-2.6Lymph-0.5L Mono-0.8Baso- 0.0 EOSN-0.0
Generic Name: Chemo-Midostaurin Trade Name:Chemo-Midostaurin
Classification: Kinases inhibitor Action: blocks a key class of enzymes kinases that often spur cancercell growth. It works by targeting the FLT3 cell receptor, which is
overactive in the white blood cells
Adult Dosage: Reason Receiving: reduces the number of circulatingleukemia cells
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category:
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Generic Name: cholecalciferol Trade Name: Vitamin D3Classification: Fat-soluble vitamin/NutritionalSupplement
Action: Stimulates calcium/phosphate absorption from smallintestine, promotes secretion of calcium from bone to blood,promotes reabsorption of phosphate in renal tubules; acts on bonecells to stimulate skeletal growth and on parathyroid gland tosuppress hormone synthesis and secretion
Adult Dosage: 400 units per day Reason Receiving: Vitamin deficiency
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category:A(C if used in doses above RDA)
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
None Known Begin therapy at lowest possibledosage. Encourage adequate fluidintake. Monitor Ca+, P+, Mg+, BUNlevels
Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin HCl Trade Name: Cipro
Classification: Fluoroquinolone/Anti-infective Action: Inhibits enzyme, DNA gyrase, in susceptible bacteria,interfering with bacterial cell replication.
Adult Dosage: 500-750 mg q8-12h Reason Receiving: Prevent infection
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationNausea, diarrhea, dyspepsia, Question for history of sensitivity to
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Vomiting, constipation, flatulenceConfusion, crystalluria, abdominalpain
Ciprofloxacin, quinolones. Eval for foodtolerance, bowel activity, dizziness,HA, visual changes, chest, joint pain
Generic Name: citalopramhydrobromide
Trade Name: Celexa
Classification: antidepressant(serotonin inhibitor)
Action: relieves depression
Adult Dosage: 20 mg Reason Receiving: Depression
Newborn Dosage: not indicated Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S.E. Evaluation
Nausea, dry mouth, somnolence,insomnia, diaphoresis.Tremor, diarrhea, fatigue, anxiety,vomiting, anorexia
Observe, record behaviorAssess psychological status, thoughtcontent, sleep pattern, appearance,interest in environment, mood
Generic Name: Clindamycin Trade Name: Cleocin
Classification: Lincosamide/Antibiotic Action: Inhibits protein synthesis of bacterial cell wall by binding to bacterialribosomal receptor sites. Topically, decrease fatty acid concentration on skin.
Adult Dosage: 1.2-1.8g/day in 2-4 divided doses Reason Receiving: Treatment of infection
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Abdominal pain, nausea,vomiting, diarrhea Drug:Adsorbentantidiarrheals,Erythromycin,Neuromuscular blockers.Food: None Known
Monitor bowel activity/pattern.Assess hx of sensitivity. Monitorfor superinfection: fever,vomiting, diarrhea, anal/genitalpruritis, oral mucosalchanges(ulceration, pain,erythema)
Generic Name: Clopidogrel Trade Name: Plavix
Classification: Thienopyridine derivative/Antiplatelet Action: Inhibits binding of enzyme adenosine phosphate (ADP) to itsplatelet receptor and subsequent ADP-mediated activation of a glycoproteincomplex.
Adult Dosage: 300mg loading dose then 75mg/day Reason Receiving: Graft patency(Saphenous vein)Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Skin disorders, URI,chest pain, flu-likesymptoms, HA, dizziness,arthralgia
Drug:Aspirin, NSAIDs,Fluvastatin, phenytoin,tamoxifen, tolbutamide,torsemide, warfarin.Food: None Known
Monitor platelet count. AssessBUN, creat, bilirubin, AST, ALT,WBC, Hgb
Generic Name: Clonidine HCL Trade Name: Clonidine
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Classification: Antiadrenergic, sympatholytic/Antihypertensive Action: Prevents pain signal transmission to brain and produce analgesiaat pre- and post-alpha-adrenergic receptors in spinal cord
Adult Dosage: 0.1mg twice/day Reason Receiving: HTN
Geriatric Dosage: 0.1mg at bedtime Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Dry mouth, somnolence,dizziness, sedation,constipation
Drug: beta-blocker,Tricyclic antidepressants.Food: None Known
Obtain B/P before admin.Monitor bowel activity. Sideeffects diminish with therapy.
Generic Name: Clonozepam Trade Name: Klonopin
Classification: benzodiazepine (ScheII)/anticonvulsant
Action: Depresses all levels of CNS; depresses nerve impulsetransmission in motor cortex. Suppresses abnormal discharge inpetit mal seizures.
Adult Dosage:1.5mg/day in 3 divided doses Reason Receiving: Bipolar Disorder
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: D
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Mild, transient drowsiness; ataxia;
behavior disturbances(aggression,irritability, agitation)
Hx of seizure disorder.Implement
safety measures. Performrenal/hepatic function test.Evaluate for therapeutic response.
Generic Name: Clotrimazole Cream Trade Name: Lotrimin
Classification:Antifungal Action: binds with phospholipids in fungal cell membrane.
Adult Dosage: 1% Reason Receiving: treat fungal infection
Geriatric Dosage: apply twice a day up to 8weeks Pregnancy Category:C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Pruritis, burning, stinging,
erythema, urticaria
Drug: None Known
Food: None Known
Check skin for erythema,
urticaria, blistering, pruritis,stinging, burning
Generic Name: Colchicine Trade Name: Colchicine
Classification:Alkaloid/Antigout Action: Decrease leukocyte motility, phagocytosis, lactic acid production
Adult Dosage: 0.6-1.2mg up to 6mg Reason Receiving: Gouty Arthritis
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: D(parental)/C(oral)
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationN/V, abdominaldiscomfort
Drug: Bone marrowdepressants,clarithromycin,erythromycin, NSAIDs.Food: None Known
Increase fluid intake. MonitorI&O. Assess therapeutic relief.
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Generic Name: collagenose top oint Trade Name: Santyl
Classification: enzumatic debriding agent Action: debrides dead skin
Adult Dosage: small amount applied daily Reason Receiving: treatment of pressure ulcer
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category:
Side Effects
Nursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationAdverse reactions, burning sensation,erythema,
Contradictions- patients who haveshown local or systemic hypersentivityto collogenose. Avoid products withsilver or mercury.
No complains of pain or erythemaobserved
Generic Name: conjugated estrogen Trade Name: Premarin
Classification: estrogen; hormone Action: increases synthesis of DNA, RNA, various proteins in target tissues;reduces release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (FSH) and LH release;promotes normal growth, development of female sex organs, prevents bone loss
Adult Dosage: 0.3-0.625 mg/day Reason Receiving:
Newborn Dosage: not indicated Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Vaginal bleeding; breast
pain/tenderness, gynecomastiaHeadache, hypertension, intoleranceto contact lenses
Assess BP periodically
Check for edema, weigh dailyReport S/S of thromboembolic disorders(sudden severe headache, SOB,vision/speech disturbance,weakness/numbness of extremity, loss ofcoordination, pain in chest, groin or leg)
Generic Name: Cyclobenzaprine Trade Name: Flexeril
Classification: skeletal muscle relaxant Action: reduces tonic somatic muscle activity at thebrainstem.
Adult Dosage: Initially 5 mg 3 times per day Reason Receiving: muscle spasms- fibromyalgia
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Somnolence, dry mouth, dizziness Record onset, type, location,duration of muscular spasm. Checkfor immobility, stiffness, swelling.Assess for therapeutic response.
Generic Name: cyclophosphamide Trade Name: CytoxanClassification: alkylating agent;antineoplastic
Action: inhibits DNA, RNA protein synthesis; prevent cell growth, potentimmunosuppressant
Adult Dosage: 400-1800 mg IV Reason Receiving: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Newborn Dosage: 2-3 mg/kg/day po Pregnancy Category: D
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Marked leucopenia 8-15 days afterinitial therapyNausea, vomiting, alopeciaDiarrhea, darkening of skin/fingernails,stomatitis, headache, diaphoreis
Monitor cbc, serum uric acid, electrolytesMonitor WBCMonitor for hematologic toxicity (fever,sore throat, signs of local infection,unusual bruising/bleeding)
Generic Name: dantrolene sodium Trade Name: Dantrium
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Classification: skeletal muscle relaxant Action: interferes with release of calcium ion
Adult Dosage: up to 100mg 2-4 times per day Reason Receiving: relief of spasticity due to spinal injuries
Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationDrowsiness, dizziness, weakness genera lmalaise, diarrhea. HA, confusion
constipation, Urinary frequency
Baseline Hepatic function test ( AST,ALTalkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin) Record
onset, type location, duration of muscularspasms. Assess for therapeutic response,relief of pain.
No hepatic test data availablePropphylactic use due to spinal injury
LBM-9/29/2010No confusion , dizziness, weakness,reportedUrostomy
Generic Name: Dexamethasone Trade Name: Decadron
Classification:Long-actingglucocorticoid/Corticosteroid
Action:inhibits accumulation of inflammatory cells atinflammation site and release of mediators ofinflammation
Adult Dosage: 8-20mg once, then 4mg Q4-6 Reason Receiving:Antiemetic
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category:C(D if used in 1st
trimester)
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Insomnia, facial edema
(moonface), moderate abdominaldistension, indigestion, increasedappetite, nervousness.
Question for hypersensitivity to any
corticosteroids. Height, weight, BP,serum glucose, electrolytes.Assess for edema. Bowel activity
Generic Name: Digoxin Trade Name: Lanoxin
Classification: Cardiac Glycosides/Antiarrhythmic Action: Increase influx of calcium from extracellular to intracellularcytoplasm
Adult Dosage: 0.5-0.75mg additional doses of 0.125-0.375mgat 6-8 hr intevals
Reason Receiving: Treatment of CHF
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
None Known Drug:Amidarone, beta-blockers, Ca channel
blockers, K-depletingdiuretics,symoathomimetics.Food: Fiber(bran),Pectin.
Assess AP for 60secs. Monitorpulse for bradycardia. Assess
for GI disturbances, neurologicabnormalities. Monitor K, Mg.
Generic Name: diltiazem Trade Name: Cardizem
Classification: Ca channel blocker, antihypertensive Action: InhibitsCa movement across cardiac, vascularsmooth-muscle cell membranes. Causing dilation
Adult Dosage: 60-120 twice a day Reason Receiving: Hypertension
Geriatric Dosage:60-120 twice a day Pregnancy Category: CSide Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Peripheral edema,dizziness, light-headedness, H/A,bradycardia, asthenia,nausea, constipation,flushing
Beta blockers,carbamazepine,theophylline, digoxineffects
Assess B/P and PulseAssess renal and hepaticfunction.Assist with ambulation.Dont abruptly d/c medication
May be crushed
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Generic Name: Diphenhydramine HCL Trade Name: Benadryl
Classification: Ethanolamine/Antihistamine/Anticholinergic Action: Competitively blocks effects of histamine atperipheral H1 receptor sites
Adult Dosage:25-50 mg Q4H Reason Receiving: pre med for blood
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: B
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Drowsiness, dizziness, muscleweakness, hypotension, urinaryretention, thickening of bronchialsecretions, dry mouth
Monitor BPR- rate, depth, rhythm.
Assess lung sounds for rhonchi,wheezing, rales.
Generic Name: diphenoxylate HCL Trade Name: Lomotil
Classification: antidiarrheal Action: reduces intestinal motility of gastric mucosa
Adult Dosage: 5-15 mg/day Reason Receiving:
Newborn Dosage: Not recommended Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Drowsiness, light-headedness,dizziness, nausea, headache, dry
mouth
Encourage adequate fluid intake; and,assess hydration status (skin turgor,
mucous membranes for dryness andoutput)Assess bowel soundsMonitor bowel activity and stoolAssess for abdominal distention
Generic Name: Docosahexanoic Acid Trade Name: Fish Oil
Classification: Dietary supplement Action: Unknown
Adult Dosage: 1000mg capsule Reason Receiving: CAD/HTN
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: Unknown
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
GI upset, diarrhea,
increased burping, acidreflux/heartburn/indigestion,abdominal bloating,abdominal pain, fishyaftertaste.
Drug: None Known
Food: None Known
Take with meals to avoid GI
upset.
Generic Name: Docusate Na Trade Name: Colace
Classification: Bulk-producing laxative/Stool softener Action: Decreases surface film tension by mixing liquid withbowel contents
Adult Dosage: 50-500mg/day in 1-4 divided doses Reason Receiving: Stool Softner
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationMild GI cramping Drug: None significant
Food: None Known
Encourage adequate fluid intake.Assess bowel sounds. Monitorbowel activity. Record time ofevacuation
Generic Name: Doripenem Trade Name: Doribax
Classification: Carbapenem/antibiotic Action: inactivates penicillin-binding proteins, resulting in inhibition of cellwall synthesis
Adult Dosage: 500mg q8h for 10-14 days Reason Receiving: Treatment of complicated UTIs due to susceptiblegram(+), gram(-) and anaerobic bacteria
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Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Diarrhea, nausea, HA,altered mental status
Drug: ProbenecidFood: None Known
Hx of allergies. Monitor bowelpattern/activity. Monitor fornausea/vomiting
Generic Name: Doxepin HCL Trade Name: SinequanClassification: Tricyclic/Antidepressant Action: Increases synaptic concentrations of norepinephine,
serotonin.
Adult Dosage: 25-150mg/day at bedtime Reason Receiving: Treatment of depression
Geriatric Dosage: 10-25mg/day at bedtime Pregnancy Category: C(B for topical form)
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Orthostatic hypotension,somnolence, dry mouth,HA, increased appetite,weight gain, nausea,unusual fatigue,unpleasant taste
Drug:Alcohol, other CNSdepressants may increase CNS,respiratory depression,hypotensive effects. Antithyroidagents may increase risk ofagranulocytosis. Cimetidine mayincrease concentration risk oftoxicity. May decrease effects ofclonidine. MAOIs may increase
risk of seizures, hyperpyrexia,hypertensive crisis.Phenothiazines may increaseanticholinergic, sedative effects.Sympathomimetics mayincrease cardiac effects.Food: grapefruit, grapefruit
juice may increaseconcentration/toxicity
Monitor B/P, pulse, weight.Supervise suicidal-risk ptclosely during earlytherapy.Therapeutic level: 110-250 ng/ml
Generic Name: DOXOrubicin Trade Name: adriamycinClassification: anthracycline antibiotic;antineoplastic
Action: inhibits DNA, DNA-dependent RNA synthesis by binding the DNAstrands; prevents cell division
Adult Dosage: 30 mg/m Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: D
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Complete alopecia, nausea, vomiting,stomatitis, esophagitisReddish urineAnorexia, diarrhea
Monitor for stomatitis; assess mucousmembranesMonitor daily bowel pattern and stoolconsistency.Monitor for hematologic toxicity (fever,sore throat, signs of local infection,unusual bruising/bleeding)Monitor for symptoms of anemia
Generic Name: Enoxaparin Na Trade Name: Lovenox
Classification: Low Molecular Weight Heparin Action: Potentiates action of antithrombin III, inactivates coagulation factorXaAdult Dosage: 1mg/kg q.12hr Reason Receiving: Prevent DVT
Geriatric Dosage: Same as Above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Injection site hematoma,Nausea, peripheraledema
Drug: antiplatelet agents,aspirin, NSAIDs,thrombolytics mayincrease risk of bleeding.Food: None known
Monitor CBC, platelet count.Assess any sign of unusualbleeding(bruising, bleedingfrom gums, blood in stool).
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Generic Name: erythromycinophthalmic ointment
Trade Name:
Classification: Macrolide; antibiotic Action: penetrates bacterial cell membranes, reversibly binds tobacterial ribosomes inhibiting protein synthesis
Adult Dosage: thin layer to affectedarea bid
Reason Receiving: prevention of gonococcal ophthalmianeonatorum, superficial ocular infections
Newborn Dosage: 0.5-2 cm no laterthan 1 hour after deliver
Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S.E. Evaluation
Sensitivity reaction withincreased irritation, burning,itching, inflammation
Urticaria
Place gloved finger on lowereyelid and pull out; place to inch of ointment in; close eyegently for 1-2 minutes
Monitor daily pattern of bowelactivity
Assess skin for rash
Assess for hepatotoxicity
(malaise, fever, abdominal pain,GI disturbances)
Be alert for superinfection (fever,vomiting, diarrhea, oral mucosalchanges)
Monitor for high-dose hearingloss
Generic Name: Escitalopram Oxalate Trade Name: Lexapro
Classification: Serotonin reuptakeinhibitor/antidepressant
Action: Blocks uptake of neurotransmitter serotonin at neuronalprsynaptic membranes, increasing its availability at postsynapticreceptor sites
Adult Dosage: Initially 10mg/day, increase to 20mg after a minof 1 wk.
Reason Receiving: depression
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Nausea, dry mouth, somnolence,insomnia, diaphoresis
Assess appearance, behavior,speech pattern, level of interest,mood.
Generic Name: etoposide Trade Name: Etopophos
Classification: epipodophyllotoxin;antineoplastic
Action: induces single- and double-stranded breask in DNA; inhibits, alters DNAsynthesis
Adult Dosage: 100 mg Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: D
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Mild to moderate nausea/vomiting,alopecia, diarrhea, anorexia, stomatitis
Monitor Hgb, Hct, WBC, PLTMonitor bowel pattern and stoolconsistencyMonitor for hematologic toxicity (fever,sore throat, signs of local infection,
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unusual bruising/bleeding)Monitor for symptoms of anemiaAssess for paresthesias (peripheralneuropathy)
Generic Name: FeFum/Vit C/B12/stomc Trade Name: ChromagenClassification: multivitamin with iron Action: replace iron and vitamins
Adult Dosage: 1 tablet per day Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category:
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
ConstipationDiarrheaStomach upset
AntacidsCefdinirCefditorenEtidronateFluoroquinolonesLevodopaTetracyclinesThyroid hormones
WarfarinDairy products, tea orcoffee within 2 hours
Take with glass of waterMay take with food, but best onempty stomachDo not lie down for 30 minutesafter taking
Generic Name: fentanyl Trade Name: (sublimaze)
Classification: narcotic agonist(schedule II) Action: binds to opioid receptors in CNS reducing stimuli fromsensory nerve endings, inhibits ascending pain pathways;alters pain reception
Adult Dosage:50-100mcg/dose q1-2h Reason Receiving: abdominal pain
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Post-op confusion, blurred vision, chills,orthostatic hypotension, nausea, vomiting,
diaphoreses, Dyspnea, confusion,constipation
Have nalozone available. Establishbaseline, BP, R. Assess type, location,
intensity, duration of pain.
Not given in last 24 hours.
Generic Name: Fentanyl Patch Trade Name:
Classification: Opioid, narcotic agonist (sch. II) Action: Binds to opioid receptors in CNS
Adult Dosage: 12mcg/hr-100mcg/hr Reason Receiving: analgesic for pain
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/TAdministration & Side Effects Evaluation
Headache, pruritus, NV, diaphoresis,Dyspnea, confusion, dizziness,diarrhea, constipation, difficultyurinating.
Assist with ambulation. Opiateantagonist(narcan) must be available.
Assess BP, HR, Respirations, O2stats. type, location, intensity, durationof pain. Encourage to deep breatheand turn q2h.
Patch assessed-BPHRO2
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Generic Name: Na Ferric Gluconate Trade Name: Ferrex
Classification: Trace element/Hematinic Action: Repletes total iron content in body. Replaces iron found in Hgb,myoglobin. Specific enzymes; allows oxygen transport via Hgb.
Adult Dosage: 125mg in 100mL 0.9% NaCl infused over 1 hr Reason Receiving: Treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Flushing, hypotension,hypersensitivity reaction Drug: Oral IronFood: None Known Monitor vital signs, labs (i.e.CBC, serum iron). Do not givewith oral iron. Assess pt for RA,may exacerbate joint pain,swelling.
Generic Name:Fexofenadine HCL Trade Name:Allegra
Classification:Antihistamine Action: prevents allergic rhinitis symptoms or pruritus
Adult Dosage: 60 mg twice a day Reason Receiving: allergies
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Rare: drowsiness, HA, fatigue,nausea, abdominal distress.
Assess for therapeutic response. Pt reported a decrease in allergicrhinitis symptoms.No c/o of fatigue Nausea, GIdistress
Generic Name:Filgrastin Trade Name: Neupogen
Classification: Granulocyte Colony Stimulanting factor Action: Stimulates production, maturation, activation ofneutrophils
Adult Dosage: 5mcg/kg/day Reason Receiving: Prevent infection
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Nausea/Vomiting, Mild to severebone pain, Diarrhea, Fever, fatigue
Be alert to ARDS. Monitor b/p,temp, CBC, plts count, Hct, uricacid
Generic Name: Finasteride Trade Name: Proscar
Classification: Androgen hormone inhibitor/Benignprostatic hyperplasia agent
Action: Inhibits 5-alpha reductase, an intracellular enzyme that convertstestosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in prostate gland, resu;ting in
decreased serum DHTAdult Dosage: 5mg once a day Reason Receiving: BPH
Geriatric Dosage: Same as Above Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Gynecomastia, sexualdysfunction(impotence,decreased libido,decreased vol ofejaculate).
Drug: None SignificantFood: None Known
Diligent monitoring of I&O, espin those with lg residual urinaryvol, severely diminished urinaryflow for obstructive uropathy
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Generic Name: Fluconazole Trade Name: Diflucan
Classification: antifungal Action: directly damages fungal membrane
Adult Dosage: 400mg perday Reason Receiving: prevention of candidiasis
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects
Nursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationDizziness, HA, constipation, diarrhea,nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
Establish baselines for CBC serumpotassiumHepatic function studies
K-3.9(normal 3.5-5)No Pt complaints of dizziness, HA,Constipation, diarrhea, NV,abdominal pain
Generic Name: fluoxetine Trade Name: Prozac
Classification: psychotherapeutic Action: selectively inhibits serotonin uptake in CNS, enhancingserotonergic function; relieves depression, obsessive-compulsive and bulimic
Adult Dosage: 20 mg Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Headache, asthenia, insomnia,anxiety, drowsiness, nausea, diarrhea,decreased appetiteDizziness, tremors, fatigue, vomiting,constipation, dry mouth, abdominalpain, diaphoresis, rash
Assess appearance, behavior, speechpattern, level of interest, moodMonitor daily bowel pattern and stoolconsistencyAssess skin for rashMonitor glucose, sodium and weight
Generic Name: Fluticasone Trade Name: Advair
Classification: Corticosteroid/Anti-inflammatory Action: Controls rate of protein synthesis, depresses migration ofpolymorphonuclear leukocytes, reverses capillary permeability, stabilizeslysosomal membranes.
Adult Dosage: 100mcg q.12h Reason Receiving: COPD
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Throat irritation,hoarseness, dry mouth,cough, temporarywheezing, oropharyngealcandiasis (particularly ifmouth is not rinsed withwater after each admin.)
Drug: RitonavirFood: None Known
Monitor rate, depth, rhythm,type of respiration. Assess lungsounds. Assess oral mucousmembranes. Monitor pulse.
Generic Name: Folic Acid Trade Name: Folvite
Classification: Coenzyme/Nutritional Supplement Action: Stimulates production of platelets, RBCs, WBCs
Adult Dosage: 0.4mg/day Reason Receiving:Anemia
Newborn Dosage: 0.1mg/day Pregnancy Category: Category:A(C if more thanRDA)
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
None Known Assess for therapeutic relief fromiron deficiency symptoms(fatigue,
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SHOB, sore tongue, HA, pallor)
Generic Name: Furosemide Trade Name: Lasix
Classification: Loop Diuretic Action: Excretion of Na, Cl, K by direct action at the ascending loop ofhenle
Adult Dosage: 20-80mg/dose; may increase by 20-40 mg/dose q.6-8h
Reason Receiving: HTN
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Increase UOP, frequency,Nausea, dyspepsia,abdominal cramps,diarrhea or constipation,electrolyte imbalance
Drug:Amphotericin B,nephrotoxic, ototoxicmeds, anticoagulants,heparin, lithium, othermed causinghypokalemiaFood: None Known
Monitor B/P, vital signs,electrolytes, I&O, weight.Assess muscle strength,tremor, muscle cramps, alteredmental status.
Generic Name: Gabapentin Trade Name: Neurontin
Classification:Anticonvulsant/Antineuralgic Action: May increase synthesis or accumulation of gamma-aminobuytricacid(GABA) by binding to as-yet-undefined receptor sites in brain tissue
Adult Dosage: 200mg Reason Receiving: Neuropathy pain
Geriatric Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Fatigue, drowsiness,dizziness, ataxia
Drug:Antiacids decreaseabsorption. Morphine mayincreaseCNS depression.Food: None known
Monitor for seizure activity. Donot abruptly stop taking
Generic Name: glipizide Trade Name: Glucotrol
Classification: 2nd generation. Hypoglycemic Action: Promotes release of insulin from beta cells ofpancreases, insulin sensitivity at peripheral sites
Adult Dosage: 5mg daily Reason Receiving: DM Type II
Geriatric Dosage: 2.5 mg daily Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Altered taste, dizziness,somnolence, weight gain,constipation, diarrhea,heartburn, nausea,vomiting, H/A
Beta blockers, MAOIS,ciprofloxacin, ranitidine,LG doses of salicylates effects.Corticosteroids, lithium,thiazide diuretics effects. effects of oral
anticoagulants
Check serum glucose level.Assess for hypoglycemia andhyperglycemia.
Generic Name: glyburide Trade Name: Diabeta
Classification: second generation sulfonylurea Action: hypoglycemic
Adult Dosage: 2.5-5 mg; max 20 mg/day Reason Receiving: diabetes mellitus type 2
Geriatric Dosage: 1.25-2.5 mg/day Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Altered taste, dizziness, Beta blockers, cimetidine, Check serum glucose
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somnolence, wt gain,constipation, diarrhea,heartburn, N&V,headachePhotosensitivity, skin rash
ciprofloxacin, fluconazole,MAOIs, ranitidine,salicylates,corticosteroids, lithiumthiazide diuretics; Garlic
Assess learning needsAssess for hypoglycemia
Generic Name: guar gum Trade Name: Benefiber
Classification: soluble fiber Action: dissolves in water for form gel-like material that passes through stomach,small intestine, colon and out of body; helps to lower blood cholesterol and glucoselevels
Adult Dosage: 2 tsp 3x qd Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: ask MD before use Pregnancy Category:
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Generally well toleratedBloating, diarrhea, gas and generaldiscomfort
Assess bowel pattern and stool consistencyAssess abdomen for bloating
Generic Name: heparin Trade Name: Hep-Lock
Classification: blood modifier; anticoagulant Action: Interfers with blood coagulation by blocking conversion of PTto thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin
Adult Dosage: 5000 units Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Pruritus, burning (soles offeet)
Antithyroid; valproic acid;other anticoagulants,cats claw, eveningprimrose, ginkgo,
Monitor PTT (1.5-2.5)Assess hct, plt count, ast, altAssess for decrease in BP,increased pulse, complaint ofback pain, severe headacheAssess peripheral pulsesAssess skin for ecchymosis,petechiaeCheck for excessive bleeding
Generic Name: Hydralazine Trade Name: Apresoline
Classification: Vasodilator/Antihypertensive Action: Direct vasodilating effects on arterioles.
Adult Dosage: 10mg 4X/day Reason Receiving: HTN
Geriatric Dosage: 10mg 2-3X/day Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
HA, palpitations,
tachycardia
Drug: Diurectics, other
hypertensives.Food: None Known
Monitor B/P, pulse before
admin. Assess for HA,palpitations, tachycardia,peripheral edema.
Generic Name: Hydrocortisone Sod Trade Name:
Classification: adrenal corticosteroid Action: inhibits inflammatory cells at inflammation sites.
Adult Dosage: 14-240 mg Q12H Reason Receiving: anti-inflammatory
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Newborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Insomnia, Heartburn, anxiety,abdominal distention, increasedappetite, increased susceptibility toinfection, diarrhea or constipation. HA,
edema, frequent urination.
Baseline weight, BP, serum glucose,cholesterol electrolytes.
Assess for edema. Be alert to infection.Monitor daily bowel pattern.
Electrolytes.Watch for hypercalcemia (muscletwitching, cramps) Hypokalemia(weakness, paresthesias)
Generic Name: Hydrocortisone topical Trade Name:
Classification: Glucocortosteroid Action: prevents tissue response to inflammatory process
Adult Dosage: apply sparingly Reason Receiving: rash
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category:C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationPruritus, redness irritation. Monitor for therapeutic relief. Pt. stated some relief. Patient applied
AM 9/23/10
Generic Name: hydrocodone Trade Name: VicodinClassification: opiod analgesic (sch. III); narcotic analsegic Action: binds with opioid receptors within CNS; alters pain
Adult Dosage: 5-15 mg q4-6h prn Reason Receiving: post-op pain
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Sedation, dizziness,diaphoresis, facialflushing, somnolenceurinary retention, blurredvision, constipation, drymouth, headache, N & V,
painful/difficult urination
CNS depressantsMAOIsAlcoholKava kava, St. JohnsWort, valerian
Assess pain (level, location,duration, description)Assess for therapeuticresponseObtain VS before givingAssess for urinary retention
Monitor bowel activity and stoolconsistencyInitiate deep breathing/cough
Generic Name: Hydroxyzine Trade Name: Atarax
Classification:Antihistamine/antipruritis Action: Competes with histamine for receptor sites in GI tract, bloodvessels, respiratory tract. Diminishes vestibular stimulation, depresseslabyrinthine function.
Adult Dosage: 25mg 3-4X/day Reason Receiving: Itching
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Drowsiness, dry mouth,
marked discomfort withIM injection
Drug:Alcohol, other CNS
depressants, MAOIsFood: None Known
Monitor electrolytes, Assess
motor responses, hepatic/renalfunction tests, lung sounds
Generic Name: ibuprofen Trade Name: Motrin
Classification: nonsteroidal anti- Action: produces analgesic, anti-inflammation effects,
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inflammatory decreases fever
Adult Dosage: 200-400 q4-6h prn Reason Receiving: inflammation of the labia
Newborn Dosage: safety and efficacynot established in those younger than6 months
Pregnancy Category: B (D if in third trimester or near delivery)
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Nausea with or withoutvomiting
Dyspepsia
Dizziness
Rash
Assess onset, type, location,duration of pain, inflammation
Inspect appearance of affectedjoints for immobility, deformities,skin condition
Assess temp
Monitor for evidence of nauase,dyspepsia
Monitor CBC, hepatic/renalfunction tests
Monitor daily pattern of bowelactivity
Assess for skin rash
Assess for therapeutic response Monitor temp for fever
Generic Name: Ipratropium Trade Name: Atrovent
Classification:Anticholinergic/Bronchodilator Action: Blocks action of acetylcholine at parasympathic sites in bronchialsmooth muscle.
Adult Dosage: 500 mcg 3-4 times/day Reason Receiving: Treatment of bronchospasm
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Cough, dry mouth, HA,nausea
Drug:Anticholinergics,meds with anticholinergicproperties.
Food: None Known
Monitor rate, depth, rhythm,type of respirations and pulse.Assess lung sounds. Increase
fluids. Rinse mouth with waterafter inhalation.
Generic Name: Hydromorphone Trade Name: Dilaudid
Classification: opioid agonist(sch II) Action: binds to opioid receptors in CNS
Adult Dosage:10mg/ml Reason Receiving: pain relief
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Drowsiness, dizziness, hypotension,decreased appetite,
Vital signs bf giving meds. Assess forpain relief, cough. Assess breathsounds. Monitor bowel activity. Initiatedeep breathing and cough exercises.
TPR-BPLungsLBMPain decreasedCoughing
Generic Name:Isosorbide mononitrate Trade Name: ImdurClassification:Antianginal Action:stimulates intracellular cyclic guanosine
monophosphate
Adult Dosage: 5-20mg BID Reason Receiving: Relief of esophageal spasm withgastroesophageal reflux
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: C
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Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
HA, face/neck flushing,weakness, dizziness,orthostatic hypotension,N&V, restlessness,blurred vision, and GI
upset
Drug: ETOH,antihypertensives,vasodilators, Sildenafil,tadalafil, vardenafil.Food: None Known
Best if taken on an emptystomach, assess for facial/neckflushing, assess pain
Generic Name: Insulin Aspart/Insulin Glargine Trade Name: Novolog/Lantus
Classification: Exogenous insulin Action: Facilitates passage of glucose, K, Mg across cellular membranes ofskeletal/cardiac muscle, adipose tissue. Controls storage, metabolism ofcarbs, protein, fats. Promotesconversion of glucose to glycogen in liver.
Adult Dosage: 0.5- 1 unit/kg/day Reason Receiving: DM
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: B/C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Localized redness,swelling itching. Adversereaction- severehypoglycemia
Drug: Beta-blockers,Glucocorticoids, Thiazidediuretics.Food: None Known
Assess for hypoglycemia: cool, wetskin, tremors, dizziness, HA, anxiety,tachycardia, numbness in the mouth,hunger, diplopia. Assess forhyperglycemia: polyuria, polyphagia,polydipsia, N/V, dim vision, fatigue,
Kussmaul Resp.
Generic Name: Labetalol HCL Trade Name: Trandate
Classification:Alpha-, beta-adrenergicblocker/antihypertensive
Action: Blocks alpha1-, beta1-, beta2-(large doses) adrenergicreceptor sites. Large doses increase airway resistance.
Adult Dosage: Initially, 100mg BID adjust in increments of 100mg BID q2-3days
Reason Receiving: hypertension
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C(D if used in 2nd or 3rd trimester)
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Drowsiness, difficulty sleeping,excessive fatigue, weakness,diminished sexual function,transient scalp tingling.
Assess renal/hepatic functionBP, Apical Pulse immediately bf drugadministration. If pulse less than 60 or
systolic less than 90 hold med. Contactphysical
Generic Name: lamotrigone Trade Name: Lamictal
Classification: anticonvulsants Action: may block sodium channels, stabilizing neuronal membranes; producesanticonvulsant activity
Adult Dosage: 200 mg/day Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Dizziness, headache, diplopia, ataxia,nausea, blurred vision, somnolence,rhinitis
Rash, pharyngitis, vomiting, cough, flu-like symptoms, diarrhea, fever,insomnia
Assess for rashAssist with ambulation if dizzyAssess for clinical improvement.
Assess for visual abnormalities,headache
Generic Name: Leucovorin Calcium Trade Name: Wellcovorin ???
Classification: folic acid antagonist Action: competes with methotrexate for transport into cell
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Adult Dosage: 5-15 mg per day Reason Receiving: folic acid deficiency???non hodgkins
lymphomaNewborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: na
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
When combined with
chemotherapeutic agents, diarrhea,stomatitis, NV lethargy Malaisefatigue.
Give as soon as possible, preferably
within one hour, for treatment ofoverdose of folic acid antagonist.Monitor for vomiting. CBC with diff.PLT, Electrolytes, Hepatic functiontests.
Generic Name:Levetiracetam Trade Name: Keppra
Classification:Anticonvulsant Action:Inhibits burst firing without affecting normal neuronalexcitability
Adult Dosage:Initially 500mg q.12h Reason Receiving:
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Drowsiness, asthenia(loss ofenergy), HA, infection.
Hx of seizure disorder. Monitor forhypersensitivity. Monitor renalfunction tests.
Generic Name: Levothyroxine Trade Name: Synthroid
Classification: Thyroid Hormone Action: Involved in normal metabolism, growth, development,esp. of CNS in infants. Possesses catabolic, anabolic effects.
Adult Dosage:150 mcg Reason Receiving:Hypothyroidism
Geriatric Dosage:25 mcg Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
HA, allergic rhinitis, upperrespiratory infection,muscle pain, fatigue
Drug: Cholestryramine,colestipol, estrogens, oralanticoagulants,sympathomimetics, H2antagonist, proton pumpinhibitors.Food: None Known
Obtain weight, Monitor pulse,observe for anxiety andtremors, assess appetite andsleep pattern
Generic Name: lidocaine patch Trade Name: Lidoderm
Classification: antiarhythmic anesthetic Action: inhibits conduction of nerve impulses
Adult Dosage: one patch Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: one patch Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Burning, stinging,
tenderness at applicationsite
Anticonvulsants, beta
blockers, otherantiarrhythmics, St.Johns wart
Monitor VS following
administrationAssess BP for hypotensionAssess for drowsiness (sign ofhigh serum levels)
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Generic Name: linezolid Trade Name: Zyvox
Classification: antibiotic Action: protects against bacteria (enterococci, staphylococci, streptococci)
Adult Dosage: 400 mg q12h Reason Receiving:
Newborn Dosage:10 mg/kg/dose q8-12h Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Diarrhea, nausea, headache Monitor daily bowel pattern/stoolconsistency; mild GI effects may be okaybut more severe be alert to colitisBe alert for superinfectionMonitor CBC weekly
Generic Name: Lisinopril Trade Name: Zestril
Classification: ACE inhibitor Action: suppresses RAA system to help lower BP
Adult Dosage: 10-40 mg/day Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: 10-40 mg/day Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Headache, dizziness,postural hypotensionChest discomfort, fatigue,rash, abdominal pain,nausea, diarrhea, URI
Alcohol, diuretics,hypotensive agents (mayincrease effect).Lithium, NSAIDs, K-sparring diuretics.Ephedra, ginseng,yohimbe
Obtain BP & apical pulse priorMonitor BP regularlyWatch for orthostatic HTNMonitor CBC, renal, potassiumAssess for edema.Auscultate lungs for ralesMonitor I&O; weigh dailyMonitor bowel patternAssist with ambulation if dizzy
Generic Name: lithium carbonate Trade Name: Lithobid
Classification: psychotherapeutic; antimanic Action: affects storage, release, reuptake of neurotransmitters;increased reuptake of norepi causing antimanic effect
Adult Dosage: 300 mg 3-4 times q.d. Reason Receiving: manic phase of bipolar disorder
Geriatric Dosage: 900-1200 mg/day Pregnancy Category: D
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Dose related and seldomoccur at lithium serumlevels less than 1.5mEq/LOccasionally, fine handtremor, polydipsia,polyuria, mild nausea
Haloperidol, antithyroidmeds, diuretics, NSAIDs,molindone,phenothiazines
Monitor serum lithium levelsClinical assessment oftherapeutic effect; assessbehavior, appearance,emotional status, response toenvironment, speech pattern,thought content.Monitor for signs of lithiumtoxicity
Generic Name: loperamide Trade Name: Imodium
Classification: antidiarrheal Action: slows intestinal motility, diminishing loss of fluid/electrolytes
Adult Dosage: 2 mg after loose stool Reason Receiving: cancer treatment-induced diarrhea
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Newborn Dosage: not recommended Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Rare: Dry mouth, drowsiness, abdodiscomfort, allergic reaction
Encourage adequate fluid intakeAssess bowel soundsMonitor daily bowel activity/stool
Withhold if abdo pain, distention, fever
Generic Name: Lorazepam Trade Name: Ativan
Classification: Benzodiazepine (Sche IV)/Antianxiety Action: Enhances action of inhibitory neurotransmittergamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in CNS, affecting memory,motor, sensory, cognitive functioning
Adult Dosage: 1-10mg/day in 2-3 divided doses Reason Receiving: Treatment of anxiety related todepressive episode
Geriatric Dosage: 0.5-1.0mg/day Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
HA, fatigue, drowsiness Drug: Clarithromycin,erythromycin,fluconazole, ketoconazolemay increaseconcentration. Food:Allfoods delay absorption.
Monitor BP, HR, RR,CBC with diff, Hepatic functionest. Evaluate for therapeuticresponse
Generic Name: magnesium hydroxide Trade Name: Milk of Magnesia
Classification: antacid, anticonvulsant, electrolyte, laxative Action: acts in stomach to neutralize gastric acid; osmotic effectprimarily in small intestine, draws water into intestinal lumen
Adult Dosage: 2-4 tabs or 5-15 mL prn 4 times a day Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: same Pregnancy Category: BSide Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
CrampingDiarrheaIncreased thirstFlatulence
AntacidsFluoroquinolonesKetoconazoleTetracyclinesCalciumCNS depressant medsDigoxin
Drink full glass of water withdoseMonitor daily bowel activity andstool consistencyBS for peristalsisAssess for wt loss, nausea,vomiting
Generic Name: Magnesium Oxide Trade Name: Mag-ox
Classification:
Antacid/Anticonvulsant/Electrolyte/Laxative
Action: Essential for enzyme activity, nerve conduction,
muscle contractionAdult Dosage: 1-2 tablets 2-3x/day Reason Receiving: Magnesium replacement
Geriatric Dosage: Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Chalky taste, diarrhea,laxative effect, N/V,stomach cramps, reducedresp rate, decreasedreflexes, flushing,
Drug:Antacids,fluoroquinolones, ketoconazole,tetracyclines, methenamine,laxatives, digoxin, oralanticoagulants, phenothiazines,ciprofloxacin, Na polystyrene
Assess renal function. MonitorMg. Monitor forhypermagnesemia: dizziness,palpitations, altered mentalstatus, fatigue, weakness.
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hypotension, decreasedheart rate
sulfonate, Calcium, CNSdepressants meds.Food: None Known
Generic Name: magnesium sulfate Trade Name:Classification: antacid, anticonvulsant,electrolyte, laxative
Action: found primarily in intracellular fluids
Adult Dosage: 3 g q6h for 4 doses as needed;IV 4 g then 1-4 g/hr by cont. infusion
Reason Receiving: protocol for magnesium deficiency
Newborn Dosage: not used (12yrs+) Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S.E. Evaluation
Chalky tasteDiarrheaLaxative effectNausea and vomitingStomach crampsReduces respiratory rateDecreases reflexesFlushingHypotension
Decreased heart rate
Assess GI painMonitor daily pattern of bowel activityand bowel soundsAssess renal function, serummagnesiumAssess pt for weight loss, nausea,vomitingMonitor renal functionMaintain adequate fluid intake
Test patellar reflexesRespiratory rate should be over 16
Generic Name: medroxyprogesterone Trade Name: Depo-Provera
Classification: hormone Action: inhibits secretion of pituitary gonadotropins; preventsovulation
Adult Dosage: 5-10 mg for 12-14consecutive days
Reason Receiving: birth control
Newborn Dosage: safety and efficacynot established
Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Transient menstrualabnormalities (spotting,
amenorrhea) Edema
Weight change
Breast tenderness
Anxiety
Insomnia
Fatigue
Dizziness
Depression
Caution in nursing mothers;distributed in breast milk
P.O. give without regard tomeals
Check weight and report gain of5 pounds or more
Assess for skin rash, urticaria
Report development of chestpain, sudden SOB, decrease invision, migraines, pain in calves,numbness of arm/leg
Generic Name: megestrol acetate Trade Name: MegaceClassification: antineoplastic/hormone Action: suppresses release of LH from ant. pituitary by inhibiting pituitary
function thus reducing tumor size; also increases appetiteAdult Dosage: 800 mg Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Weight gain secondary to increasedappetiteNausea, break through bleeding,backache, headache, breasttenderness, carpal tunnel syndrome
Question possible pregnancyProvide support as med is palliative notcurativeMonitor for tumor response
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Generic Name: methylergonovinemaleate
Trade Name: Methergine
Classification: ergot alkaloid; uterine
stimulant
Action: stimulates alpha-adrenergic, serotonin receptors, producing
arterial vasoconstriction; acts on the smooth muscle of uterus andincreases tone, rate and amplitude of rhythmic contractions; shortensthird stage of labor and reduces blood loss
Adult Dosage: 0.2 mg 3 or 4 timesdaily for max of 1 week
Reason Receiving: prevention/control of postpartum hemorrhage
Newborn Dosage: safety andeffectiveness has not been established
Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
Uterine cramping
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Diaphoresis
Tinnitus
Bradycardia
Chest pain
Dizziness
Should not be administered IV
Caution if nursing mother
Assess bleeding beforeadministration
Monitor uterine tone, bleeding,
BP, pulseq15 minutes untilstable
Assess extremities for color,warmth, movement, pain
Report chest pain promptly
Provide support with ambulationif dizziness occurs
Generic Name:Methylphenidate HCL Trade Name: Concerta
Classification:CNS stimulant (Sche II) Action: Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine intopresynaptic neurons.
Adult Dosage: Initially 0.3mg/kg/dose or 2.5-5mg beforebreakfast and lunch
Reason Receiving:ADHD
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Anxiety, insomnia, anorexia Avoid caffeine. Monitor CBC,Platelet count during therapy.
Generic Name: Metoprolol tartate Trade Name: Lopressor
Classification: Beta-adrenergicblocker/Antihypertensive
Action: Selectively blocks beta-adrenergic receptors; high dosages mayblock beta-adrenergic receptors. Decrease oxygen requirements. Large dosesincrease airway resistance.
Adult Dosage: : 25 mg per day , max 300 mg perday Reason Receiving:Geriatric Dosage: Pregnancy Category:
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationDiminished sexual function,drowsiness, insomnia,unusual fatigue/weakness
Drug:Diuretics, otherantihypertensives, insulin.Oral hypoglycemic,NSAIDs,Sympathomimetics,Xanthines.
Assess renal/hepatic functionBP, Apical Pulse immediately bfdrug administration. If pulse lessthan 60 or systolic less than 90hold med. Contact physical
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Food: None Known
Generic Name: Metoclopramide Trade Name: Reglan
Classification: Peristaltic stimulant/Antiemetic Action: Stimulates motility of upper GI tract. Decreases reflux intoesophagus. Raises threshold activity in chemoreceptor trigger zone.
Adult Dosage: 10-20mg q.4-6h Reason Receiving:
Geriatric Dosage: Pregnancy Category:Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Drowsiness,restlessness, fatigue,lethargy
Drug: ETOH, other CNSdepressants.Food: None Known
Assess for dehydration. MonitorB/P & HR. Assess forperipheral edema. Assessmuscle strength, mental status.
Generic Name: Metronidazole Trade Name: Flagyl
Classification: Nitroimidzole derivative Action: Disrups DNA, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
Adult Dosage: 500-750mg, 3 times a day Reason Receiving: antibacterial
Newborn Dosage: Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Anorexia, nausea, dry mouth, metallic
taste, diarrhea, constipation, reddish
brown urine. Erythematous rash,
urticaria.
Question for history for
hypersensitivity to nitromidazole
derivatives. I&O assess for urinary
problems. Assess for rash. Watch for
signs of supervirus.
No history of hypersentivity to
nitromidazole derivatives. Patient
NPO. Output not being monitored. No
rashes or signs of infection.
Generic Name:Micafungin Na Trade Name: Mycamine
Classification:Antifungal Action:Inhibits synthesis of glucan(vital component of fungal cell
formation), damaging fungal cell membrane.Adult Dosage:100mg/day Reason Receiving: for candidiasis
Newborn Dosage: N/A Pregnancy Category: C
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Nausea, HA, diarrhea, vomiting,fever
Hepatic/renal function tests
Generic Name: Minocycline HCL Trade Name: Minocin
Classification: Tetrcycline- antibiotic Action: inhibits bacterial protein synthesis b binding toribosomes.
Adult Dosage: 100mg Q12H Reason Receiving: infectionNewborn Dosage: na Pregnancy Category: D
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects EvaluationDizziness, light headedness, diarrhea,nausea, vomiting, possibly severephotosentivity, vertigo
Question for history of allergies, esp.tetracyclines, sulfite. Monitor Bowel activity.
Assess skin fo rash. Observe for sign ofincreased intracranial pressure(alteredLOC)
No allergies to tetracycline, sulfite.LBM 9/29/2010No reports of dizziness, lightheadness,No rash
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Generic Name: Miracle Mouthwash Trade Name: Miracle Mouthwash
Classification:Antibiotic/Antifungal Action: Kills bacteria or prevents fungal growth
Adult Dosage: 5ml 3-4 times/day Reason Receiving: Treatment of mouth sores
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: Unknown
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Problem with taste,burning or tinglingsensation in the mouth,drowsiness, constipation,diarrhea, nausea.
Drug: None KnownFood: None Known
Swish for 1-2 mins beforespitting out. Pt can not eat ordrink for 30mins after admin.
Generic Name: Mirtazapine Trade Name: Remeron
Classification: Tetracyclic/Antidepressant Action:Acts as antagonist at presynaptic alpha-adrenergic receptors,increasing norepinephrine, serotonin neurotransmission. Has lowanticholinergic activity.
Adult Dosage: 15mg at bedtime Reason Receiving: Treatment of depression
Geriatric Dosage: Same as above Pregnancy Category: CSide Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions EvaluationDrowsiness, dry mouth,increased appetite,constipation, weight gain.
Drug: ETOH, Other CNSdepressants, MAIOs.Food: None Known
For long term therapy,hepatic/renal function tests, bloodcounts should be performedperiodically
Generic Name: misoprostol Trade Name: Cytotec
Classification: prostaglandin; gastricprotection
Action: reduces acid secretion from gastric parietal cells
Adult Dosage: 110 mcg and 200 mcgtablets
Reason Receiving: treatment of therapeutic second-trimesterabortion, cervical ripening, induction of labor
Newborn Dosage: safety no
established
Pregnancy Category: X
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S.E. Evaluation
Produces uterine contractions,uterine bleeding, expulsion ofPOC
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Nausea
Flatulence
Dyspepsia
Headache
Give with or after meals(minimizes diarrhea)
Question possible pregnancybefore giving
Generic Name: modafinil Trade Name: ProvigilClassification: alpha1 agonist; antinarcoleptic Action: binds to dopamine reuptake carrier sites, increasing alpha
activity, and decreasing delta, beta, theta brain wave activity; reducessleep episodes
Adult Dosage: 200 mg/day Reason Receiving: depression (off label)
Geriatric Dosage: 100 mg/day Pregnancy Category: C
Side Effects Drug/Food Interactions NI R/T Adm, SE, Interactions Evaluation
Anxiety, insomnia,nauseaAnorexia, diarrhea,
Cyclosporine, oralcontraceptives,theophylline, diazepam,
Monitor sleep pattern, evidenceof restlessness during sleepAssess for dizziness, anxiety;
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dizziness, dry mouth/skin,muscle stiffness,polydipsia, rhinitis,paresthesia, tremor,headache, vomiting
phenytoin, propranolol,tricyclic, antidepressants,warfarin, other CNSstimulants
initiate fall precautions.Use sugarless gum and sips ofwater for relief of dry mouth
Generic Name: montelukast Trade Name: Singulair
Classification: leukotriene receptorinhibitor; antiasthmatic
Action: bind to leukotriene receptors, inhibiting effects of leukotrienes onbronchial smooth muscle; decreases bronchoconstriction, vascularpermeability, mucosal edema, mucus production
Adult Dosage: 10 mg/day Reason Receiving:Newborn Dosage: safety not established Pregnancy Category: B
Side Effects Nursing Implications R/T Adm. & S. E Evaluation
HeadacheInfluenza
Monitor rate, depth, rhythm, type ofrespirationsMonitor quality/rate of pulseAssess lung sounds for rhonchi,wheezes, ralesObserve for cyanosis
Generic Name:Morphine Sulfate Trade Name: MS Contin
Classification: Narcotic Agonist/Opiate Analgesic(Sche II)
Action: Binds with opioid receptors within CNS
Adult Dosage: Use prompt-release formationguidelines
Reason Receiving: Pain Relief
Newborn Dosage:N/A Pregnancy Category:C(D if used for prolonged pds or at
high dosages)
Side EffectsNursing Implications R/T
Administration & Side Effects Evaluation
Sedation, decreased b/p(including
orthostatic hypotension),diaphoresis, facial flushing,constipation, dizziness,drowsiness, nausea, vomiting
Assess onset, type, location,
duration of pain. Obtain vital signsbefore giving med. Monitor bowelactivity. Assess for therapeuticresponse.
Generic Name: Moxifloxacin Trade Name: Avelox