MCI - Worchester State University Singapore Math Institute Classroom Session A3

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CLASSROOM SESSION A3

Whole Numbers Multiplication & Division

Slides are available at www.banhar.blogspot.com

and Marshall Cavendish Institute’s Facebook

Princess Elizabeth Primary School, Singapore

This session took on a Forum format participants decide what they want to learnthrough the questions they asked.

Three key activities were used to seed the discussion.

One was to count rows of (many) dots.

Another was to share a number of paper clips quickly. Some groups had a smallnumber, others had a large number of paper clips.

A third was a conversation between two students in Grade 5.

The discussion led to• Knowing that the focus of teaching is different in small number and large number

multiplication and division• A deeper understanding of Spiral Approach and CPA Approach• How teacher can help students learn multiplication and division

Activity

Desde los primeros años, los estudiantes

aprenden a hacer conjuntos o grupos iguales

utilizando materiales concretos.

From the early grades, students learn to make equalgroups using concrete materials.

CPA Approach

Luego, representan estas situaciones

concretas utilizando, en primer lugar, los

dibujos y, …

After that they represent these concretesituations using, first, drawings ..

… más tarde, diagramas (modelos de

barras). Después de eso, escriben

multiplicaciones. Por supuesto, los

profesores volverán a las representaciones

concretas y pictóricas una y otra vez en

aprendizajes posteriores.

… and, later, diagrams. After that they writemultiplication sentences.

CPA ApproachTransition is Important

Escuela No.1577 Teniente Dagoberto Godoy, Santiago, Chile

Singapore Math in

Chile

An example ofhow studentsuse paper clipsto make thetransition fromequal groups tobar model,

Spiral Approach

Multiplication involving whole numbers is

taught over five years, starting in Primary 1.

The focus is on one of the meanings of

multiplication – equal sets or equal groups.

La multiplicación con números enteros se

imparte en cinco años, a partir de 1º básico.

La atención se centra en uno de los

significados de la multiplicación; conjuntos

iguales o grupos iguales. Los estudiantes

aprenden a representar 3 platos de frutas

como de 3 x 6, cuando hay 6 frutas en cada

plato. No se espera que recuerden las tablas

de multiplicar.

conjuntos iguales o grupos iguales

There is a progression from equal groups to

skip-counting.

Hay una progresión de los grupos de igualespara saltar de conteo.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

In Primary 2, students learn multiplication

facts of 2, 5, 10, and 3 and 4. In Primary 3,

they learn the multiplication facts of 6, 7, 8

and 9.En 2º básico, los

alumnos aprenden

las tablas de

multiplicación del

2, 3, 4, 5 y 10. En

básico, aprenden

las tablas de

multiplicación, de6, 7, 8 y 9.

Later, the array meaning

of multiplication is

introduced.

Más tarde, se introduce el

significado del producto

vectorial.

Catholic High School (Primary), Singapore

Da Qiao Primary School, Singapore

Students apply their

understanding of

multiplication to

solve word problems

including those that

include multiplicative

comparison, and at

the same

time, deepen their

understanding of

multiplication.

Los estudiantes

aplican sus

conocimientos de la

multiplicación para

resolver problemas

que incluyen la

comparación

multiplicativa, y al

mismo

tiempo, profundizan

su comprensión de la

multiplicación.

Multiplication is also

applied to find the area

of rectangles and

square when Primary 3

students learn theconcept of area.La multiplicación se

aplica también para

encontrar el área de

rectángulos y cuadrados

cuando los estudiantes

de 3º básico aprenden

el concepto de

área, contando

unidades cuadradas al

final de 3º básico.

In Grade 3 they

learn

multiplication of

2-digit with 1-

digit numbers as

well as

multiplication of

3-digit and 1-digit

numbers.

Después de completar las

tablas de multiplicar, los

estudiantes aprenden

multiplicaciones que van

más allá de la tabla de

multiplicar. Ellos aprenden a

multiplicar números de dos

dígitos con números de 1

dígito, así como la

multiplicación de números

de tres dígitos y números de

un dígito.

In Primary 4, the learn

multiplication of 4-digit

and 1-digit numbers as

well as multiplication of 3-

digit and 2-digit numbers.

The focus is on partial

products.En 4º básico, aprenden a multiplicar números

de cuatro dígitos y un dígito, así como

multiplicar números de tres dígitos y dos

dígitos. La atención se centra en productos

parciales.

42

34

4

National Institute of Education, Singapore

Finally in Primary

5, students learn to use

calculator to multiply

larger numbers.Por último, en 5º básico los estudiantes

aprenden a utilizar la calculadora para

multiplicar grandes cantidades.

The combination situationis not usually used tolearn multiplication inelementary school. In thiscase the teacher hasdecided to extend thelearning of a high-achieving class.

4 x 6 = 24

8 x 6 = ….

Aquí se muestra la estrategia de duplicidad.

A continuación se muestran las

estrategias de adición.

A continuación se muestran las

estrategias de sustracción.

The sharing and grouping meaning of

division are introduced in Grade 1 and are

used in the learning of division of other

number types.El significado de

compartir y reagrupar

de la división se

introduce en 1º básico

y se utilizan en el

aprendizaje de la

división de otras

clases de números.

Singapore Math in

Indonesia

Bina Bangsa School, Bandung, Indonesia

Overheard in a Primary 5 class (Singlish)

Ah Beng: Eh! Why last time in P3, teacher said 14 ÷ 4 is 3 remainder 2? Now this teacher say 14 ÷ 4 is 3.5?

Ah Seng: Because we bigger what! Small that time division is different. Now different.

Overheard in a Primary 5 class (translated, for your benefit, into Standard English)

Ah Beng: Hey! Why was it that when we were in P3, the teacher told us 14 ÷ 4 is 3 remainder 2? Now, this teacher says 14 ÷ 4 is 3.5?

Ah Seng: That is because we are older. Silly! Division was different when we were little. It is different now.

Explain to your colleague why 14 ÷ 4 = 3 remainder 2, and, at some point, 14 ÷ 4 = 3.5 .

choice ofmaterials

Pedagogical Principles of Singapore Method

Spiral Approach

10 : 5 = 2

12 : 5 = 2

remainder 2

En 1º básico no se utiliza el símbolo ÷ o :

para la división. El símbolo se introduce en 2º

básico. La idea de resto se introduce en 3º

básico.

.

In Grade 1, the symbol ÷ or : is not used. The

symbol is introduced in Grade 2. The idea of

remainder is introduced in Grade 3.

“Un plan de estudios de la manera que se

desarrolla debe revisar estas ideas básicas

en varias ocasiones, construyéndose sobre

ellos hasta que el estudiante ha comprendido

todo el aparato formal que conllevan”.

(Bruner 1960 en El Proceso de la

Educación).

.

“A curriculum as it develops should revisit this

basic ideas repeatedly, building upon them

until the student has grasped the full formal

apparatus that goes with them.” (Bruner 1960

in The Process of Education).

En los cursos de 1º a 4º básico, se utilizan

cantidades discretas, por ejemplo piedrecillas

y los niños. En 5º básico se utilizan

cantidades continuas como las medidas

estándar de 13 kg y 13 cm.

In Grades 1 to 4, quantities used are discrete

ones e.g. pebbles and children. In Grade

5, continuous quantities like standard

measures 13 kg and 13 cm are used.

ActivityFind a quick way to share thegiven number of paper clipsamong the members of yourgroup.

La idea de reagrupar antes de dividirse se

introduce al finalizar 3º básico y también se

enseña en 4 º básico.

.

The idea of

regrouping

before

dividing is

introduced

later in Grade

3 and is

taught in

Grade 4 as

well.

Keys Grade School, Manila, The Philippines