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Mental Health in WHO: A Historical Perspectives
Dr. Shekhar Saxena Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse
Mental Health in WHO:Mental Health in WHO: A Historical PerspectivesA Historical Perspectives
Dr. Shekhar SaxenaDr. Shekhar Saxena Department of Mental Health and Substance AbuseDepartment of Mental Health and Substance Abuse
29th September 2010
29th September 20102 |
Early PeriodEarly Period
Establishing the universality of mental disorders
Estimating their prevalence
Developing Assessment Instruments
Reinforcing psychiatry as a medical discipline
29th September 20103 |
WHO International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia
WHO International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia
29th September 20104 |
Depression in Different CulturesDepression in Different Cultures
Psychological Medicine
1980 Nov;10(4):743-9.
WHO collaborative study: assessment of depressive disorders.
Sartorius N, Jablensky A, Gulbinat W, Ernberg G.
29th September 20105 |
Psychological Problems in General Health Care (PPGHC)
Psychological Problems in General Health Care (PPGHC)
Archives of General Psychiatry 1993 Oct;50(10):819-24.
An international study of psychological problems in primary care. Preliminary report from the World Health Organization Collaborative Project on 'Psychological Problems in General Health Care'.
Sartorius N, Ustün TB, Costa e Silva JA, Goldberg D, Lecrubier Y, Ormel J, Von Korff M, Wittchen HU.
Division of Mental Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
29th September 20106 |
Assessment InstrumentsAssessment Instruments
The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)
Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN)
29th September 20107 |
ICD-9 (1978)ICD-9 (1978)
29th September 20108 |
ICD-10 (1992)ICD-10 (1992)
29th September 20109 |
More Recent PeriodMore Recent Period
Establishing mental health within public health
Giving policy advice
Attention on human rights
Providing data on resources
Economic considerations
Scaling up services
29th September 201010 |
6%
6%
4%
3%3%
6%7%
5%
13%
3%
10%
4%3%
12% Cardiovascular diseases
DiabetesMalignant neoplasms
Digestive diseases
Neuropsychiatric disorders
Other NCDs
Injuries
Other CD causes
Maternal conditions
MalariaChildhood diseases
Tuberculosis
Diarrhoeal diseases
Perinatal conditions
HIV/AIDS
Respiratory infections
Respiratory diseases
Nutritional deficiencies
Sense organ disorders
Diseases of the genitourinary systemMusculoskeletal diseases
Congenital abnormalities
Disease Burden (DALYs)
Source: WHR 2002
29th September 201011 |
The World Health Report 2001
The World Health Report 2001
Mental Health: New Understanding,
New Hope
29th September 201012 |
Comparative data on resourcesComparative data on resources
29th September 201013 |
Mental health policy and service guidance package
29th September 201014 |
Human Rights AbusesHuman Rights Abuses
29th September 201015 |
Evidence for Prevention and PromotionEvidence for Prevention and Promotion
29th September 201016 |
Levels of services (WHO, 2003)FR
EQU
ENC
YO
F NEED
CO
STS
LOWHIGH
HIGH LOW
SELF CARE
INFORMAL COMMUNITY CARE
Mental Health Services through PHC
CommunityMental Health
Services
PsychiatricServices in
GeneralHospitals
Mental Hospitals
& Specialist Services
29th September 201017 |
Current versus target expenditure on specified mental health package in 12 selected countries
Current versus target expenditure on specified mental health package in 12 selected countries
$-
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300T
otal
ann
ual e
xpen
ditu
re (i
n U
S$ m
illio
ns, 2
005)
Additional expenditure needed 9 80 166 116 187 77 50 39 14 176 39 142
Current expenditure on package 4 54 22 7 86 15 3 4 3 81 134 15
Albania Chile China (Hunan) Ethiopia Iran Morocco Nepal Nigeria Paraguay Thailand Ukraine Viet
Nam
29th September 201018 |
29th September 201019 |
Launched by WHO
Director General on
9th October 2008
29th September 201020 |
To be launched on 7th October 2010To be launched on 7th October 2010
29th September 201021 |
WHO DGWHO DG
Governments across the world need to see mental health as a vital component of primary health care. We need to change policy and practice. Only then can we get the essential mental health services to the tens of millions in need.