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Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines by Hasan Imran
(2004 Natural Gas STAR Technology Transfer Workshop,
Houston, Texas. Sept. 2004)
AGENDA
•TransCanada PipeLines Ltd. Introduction & Background
•TransCanada Climate Change Strategy•Greenhouse Gas Emissions•Emissions Management Strategy•TransCanada’s Experience
Control Methodologies
Research & Development
•Conclusion
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
TransCanada PipeLines at a Glance
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Corporate GHG Emitters O
nta
rio
Po
wer
Tra
nsA
lta
Sas
kPo
wer
Tra
nsC
anad
a
Imp
eria
l O
il
Atc
o P
ow
er
Syn
cru
de
Wes
tco
ast
Su
nc
or
En
Ca
na
Do
fas
co
No
va C
he
mic
als
Du
po
nt
Fo
rd C
ana
da
Dai
mle
r C
hry
sler
0
5
10
15
20
25
mill
ion
to
nn
es C
O2E
38
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Climate Change PolicyClimate Change Policy
• Climate Change issue is not going away.
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions is potential liability for TransCanada.
• We have a plan in place to manage climate change.
• TransCanada believes in promoting global solutions to this global challenge.
• TransCanada believes prudent action is required.
• TransCanada believes in a strong commitment to technological innovation.
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Participation in National Processes
Participation in National Processes
Direct EmissionsReduction
Direct EmissionsReduction
Technology Development
Technology Development
Business Opportunities
Business Opportunities
Emissions OffsetsEmissions Offsets
Fugitive Emissions Management
Blowdown Emissions Management
Landfill Gas Reuse
CDM/JI
Dry Gas Seals
Methane Biofiltration
Combustion processes
CO2 service ?
Issue Table Process
Upstream Oil and Gas Working Group
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Climate Change StrategyClimate Change Strategy
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Source of Greenhouse Gas inTransCanada
- C om pany Vehicle- R enta l Vehicle- Em ployee Vehicle
C ancarb - C arbonblack facility
P ipelines (include Valves,C om pressor and M eter
S tations)
Power P lants
C O 2C H 4N 2O
Direct Indirect
U tility C onsum ption
E lectric ity
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Pipe Power Indirect
kilo
ton
ne
s C
O2
E
2002 vs 2003 GHG Emissions by Type
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Pipeline OperationsGreenhouse Gas Emissions from Pipeline Operations
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
kt C
O2E
Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide Indirect
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Methane Emissions DistributionMethane Emissions Distribution
Methane Emissions
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
30%
70%
13%
87%
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Methane Emissions
TCPL Emissions Management System
Combustion Emissions Vented Emissions (CH4, CO2)
Fugitive Emissions Blowdown Emissions
Energy Efficiency andconservation
LDAR(leak detection& repair)
HFS (measurement)
- CO2 - CH4
- N2O
- transfer compression- pipeline inspection tools- buttering and hot tapping- stopple plugs- repair sleeves- hot line lowering- incineration
- CO- VOC’s- NOx
R & D
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
•High Flow Sampler Measurement
- Accuracy; + 25%
- identification of most “cost effective fixes”
•Bacharach HFS - NEW
Fugitive Emissions Management Fugitive Emissions Management (LDAR vs Measurement)(LDAR vs Measurement)
CST62%
CSE3%
CSR22%
MSW3%
MSR2%
BMS4%
BV3%
MD1%
2003 Methane Emissions from system by Faciltiy Type
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
nu
mb
er o
f le
aks
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
High Flow Sampler Data (1999-2003)
CS MS BV
Total Leaking Components measured = 19457
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20
Cumulative Fraction of Leaking Components
Cu
mu
lati
ve F
ract
ion
of
Tota
l L
eak
Rat
e
Sample Field Measurement Data Sample Field Measurement Data Analysis Analysis
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
TCP TCT VS VP GP HV O GS PRV FC IC OM RC CC BL BE MC RV HA GC RP
Number of leaking Components by Category at CS, MS & BV in 2003
60 % of total
Benefit - Cost Effective Repairs
LDAR Program AchievementsLDAR Program Achievements
$2.6
$3.4
0.454 0.528
2002 2003
$ Value of gas savedNatural gas volume saved
Bcf Bcf
191
223
2002 2003ki
lo t
onne
CO
2EEmissions saved
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
M
M
232,000
270,630
210,000
220,000
230,000
240,000
250,000
260,000
270,000
280,000
no. o
f tr
ees
2002 2003
TransCanada’s Contribution to EnvironmentTransCanada’s Contribution to EnvironmentEmissions saved in no. of Emissions saved in no. of TreeTree Equivalents Equivalents
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
•Total Equivalent Cars taken off the road = 42,330•Total Equivalent Homes which can be heated for one year = 3,427
•Scheduling Practices
•Operational Adjustments
•Transfer (Pull-down) Compressors
•Buttered Stubs
•Hot Tapping
•Sleeves
•Stopples
•Hot line lowering
Blowdown Emissions Management Blowdown Emissions Management ((Control Methods and Technologies Used)Control Methods and Technologies Used)
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Reducing Emissions by using Transfer Compressor
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada Pipelines
Outcome from Reduction Programs
2003 Summary of Savings from Methane Emission Reduction Programs
Minimizing Blowdown Emissions
1,132 tonnes of CO2E
Transfer Compression 626,966
Valve Sealing 61,678
Buttering & Hot Tapping 154,632
Repair Sleeves 164,949
Reducing Fugitive Emissions
223,270
Savings Outcome
(million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent - Mt CO2E)
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Methane Emissions 3.29 2.82 2.55 2.45 2.37 2.15 1.06 0.82 0.81
Savings 0.15 0.23 1.74 1.26 1.20 2.10 1.59 1.24 1.13
Methane Emissions and Savings
Research & Development
Incineration of Blowdown Gas using new TechnologyBiofilter for Meter station methane emissions oxidationDry Gas Seal Emissions capture technologyIncineration Methane emissions by the use of CH4ReactorFuel Cells
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Technology R&D at TCPL (use of incinerator for blowdowns)
•Incineration of blowdown gas instead of venting
(after transfer compression)
•At Caron Compressor Station, Moose Jaw, November 2002
1315
212
0
500
1000
1500
ton
ne
CO
2E
CO2 equivalent frommethane venting
CO2 from methaneincineration
GHG Emission Comparison with & without Incineration after Transfer Compression
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Emission savings of 1,100 t CO2E
Meter Station, Alberta
Biofilter Pilot Plant for Methane Emissions Reduction
Research at University of Calgary
Biofilter
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
0
20
40
60
80
100
9:00 AM 12:00 PM 3:00 PM 6:00 PM 9:00 PM
Time
% o
xid
atio
n
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Biofilter Pilot Plant forMethane Emissions Reduction
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
% O
xida
tion
Predicted observed
Compressor Dry Gas Seal Emissions Mitigation Research Project
•Use of gas-gas ejector to recompress seal gas emissions
•Re-injecting to high pressure system
•Application to TransCanada Compressors would save 538 MMSCF/yr. of natural gas
227,000 tCO2E/yr. of greenhouse gas emissions
•Negligible operating cost
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Compressor Dry Gas Seal Emissions Mitigation Research Project
653 t CO2 E/yr. (538 MMCF/yr)
348 seals1 seal
227 kt CO2 E/yr.
Emissions Value = $ 0.68 M
Market value of gas = $ 3.70M@ $6.84/1000 ft3
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Compressor Dry Gas Seal Emissions Mitigation Research Project
Cost
to R
ed
uce G
HG
s (
$/t
on
ne)
GHG Emissions Reductions Required(million tonnes CO2e)
Methane Management Programs in place
CONCLUSION - Cost Curve
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines
Methane Emissions Management at TransCanada PipeLines