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Methanol aus Biomasse-Rohstoff für die chemische IndustrieDr. Ulrich Berger, Lurgi GmbH
Industrielle Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe – Chemie, Biotechnologie, Verfahrenstechnik, Frankfurt 17. – 19.02.2008
2007
-05-
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... today we are trying to be more sophisticated:
§ The use of Biomass: Challenges, Hurdles, Concepts
§ 2nd Generation: Routes from Biomass to Synfuels and Chemicals
§ Technology Overview and Status:
• Pretreatment � Pyrolysis
• Conversion � Gasification
• Methanol Synthesis
• Methanol Downstream Technologies
§ Economics
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Engineering Capabilities§ Focus on proprietary technologies § Focus on Process Engineering,
Procurement and Construction
Technology Portfolio § Positioned for Future
Basic Facts on Lurgi§ Founded in 1897§ Sales 2006 – 685 Million Euros§ 1,400 Employees worldwide§ Air Liquide Group Company since 2007
Portrait of Lurgi
Air Liquide Trinidad 42,000 Nm3/h
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Lurgi Product Portfolio
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�Die Steinzeit ging nicht zu Ende,
weil uns die Steine ausgingen,
und das Zeitalter des Öls wird auch
nicht zu Ende gehen,
weil uns das Öl ausgeht�
Scheich Zaki Yamani, 1974ehemaliger Saudi-Arabischer Ölminister
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• Energy consumption will approx. increase by 50% between 2005 and 2030
• In 25 years, renewable energy will be equivalent to the amount of energy from fossil fuels today
Development of Worldwide EnergyConsumption
Source: Shell 2004
2 0 0
3 0 0
5 0 0
2 0 0
2 3 0
3 5 0
5 0 0
2 0 0 5 2 0 5 02 0 3 0
4 0 0
MBDOE ( Million Barrels / Day of Oil Equivalent
1905
100 Years 25 Years
Required Investmentin Energy 2005-2030
$20.2 Trillion (in $ 2005)
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Escape the Oil Trap
§ Biomass is the only carbon containing renewable resource
Ø Biomass used for chemical production prior to energy generation
§ Syngas and Methanol are the key to synthetic products
Ø Broad and flexible product range for energy and chemistry
§ Adoption of proven technologies and existing infrastructure
§ Structural redirection in agriculture and forestry
ØNew income source and employment for agriculture
Quelle: FZK
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From Natural Resources to Consumers� Products
CrudeOil
Bio ResourcesBio Mass
CoalGasCondensates
Natural GasAssociated
Gas
BDO-Anlage
SpecialtiesAbtrennung
n-/iso-butanTrennung
MEK-Synthese
BDO-Anlage
FoodSpecialtiesTechnical
Applications
Fuels &Fueladditives
PolymersPlastics
HealthHygienics
Upgrading/Conversion
Purification/ Treatment
�Natural� Resources
Consumers` Requirements
Energy
Utilization
CrudeOil
Bio ResourcesBio Mass
CoalGasCondensates
Natural GasAssociated
Gas
BDO-Anlage
SpecialtiesAbtrennung
n-/iso-butanTrennung
MEK-Synthese
BDO-Anlage
FoodSpecialtiesTechnical
Applications
Fuels &Fueladditives
PolymersPlastics
HealthHygienics
Upgrading/Conversion
Purification/ Treatment
�Natural� Resources
Consumers` Requirements
Energy
Utilization
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Hurdles for using Biomass
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Model shows the volume of different materials which is equivalent to 1 ltr of petrochemical oil
How to design the logistics of Large-scale plants?
The use of Biomass: Challenges, Hurdles, Concepts
A Major Issue � Energy Density
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Biomass as Feedstock
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Pyrolysis Process of Lurgi / FZK
M
HeizerSandkreislauf
M
Slurry
M
HeaterSand Cycle
M
Straw, Hay a.o.
Shredder
Cooler
Double Screw Reactor
Cold, shredded straw
hot sand ca. 500
Pyrolysis Coke
Pyrolysis gas
Pyrolysis Oil
Slurry
Source: FZK
Coke
The Lurgi flash-coker
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Slurry mixed with Pyrolysis coke
§ Joint grinding of pyrolysis oil and
coke give pump able/ storable
slurry
§ Energy concentration from
biomass to slurry by factor 13
§ ca. 80% of the energy content of
the biomass is contained in the
slurry = Bioliq Syncrude
+
HHV: 17 MJ/kg 35 MJ/kg 16 MJ/kg 22 MJ/kg
StrawChar SlurryCondensate
Bioliq Syncrude
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Synthetic Fuels from Coal and Biomass:Fast Pyrolysis Development
§ Bioliq Technology – Under Development
§ Bioliq Technology under Development with FZ Karlsruhe
§ Capacity : 500 kg / h straw / biomass to approx. 350 kg / h Bioliq-Syncrude
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MPG Gasifier
§ Temperatures approx. 1200°C
§ Tar free Syngas
§ Suited for high ash content
§ Gasification with pure O2
§ High pressure, 30 to 80 bar
§ Complete carbon conversion in seconds
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Application for Syngas
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Methanol SynthesisTwo-Step (Combined) Synthesis
Make up Gas
Purge Gas
CrudeMethanol BFW (Boiler Feed Water)
Gas CooledReactor
Water Cooled Reactor
HP-Steam
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Two-Step Methanol Synthesis (Combined Converter)Two-Step Methanol Synthesis (Combined Converter)
•Optimum Reaction route
•High conversion rate
•No catalyst poisoning
•Simple reaction control
•High MeOH yield
•High energy efficiency
•Heat converted to HP steam
Large Single Train Capacity at Low Investment
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The MegaMeOH Process - As-built
Atlas Methanol - 5000 t/d, 1.650.000 tpa, commissioned 2004
Titan
2 500
mt/d
PSA
Steam Raising
ReactorGas Cooled Reactor
Water
Treatment
Boiler
ASUDistillation
Steam Reformer
ATR
Plot 300x400 m
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Methanol MarketNew Applications for Methanol
Methanol
DME
Olefines
PolypropyleneCo-polymers
Diesel Gasoline
Energy-production
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Lurgi�s MTP: Gas to Propylene
MTP®: Simplified Process Flow Diagram
Propylene474 kt/a 1)
Gasoline 185 kt/a
Fuel Gas internal use
Process Water 935 kt/afor internal use
DMEPre-Reactor
ProductConditioning LPG
41 kt/a
Water Recycle
Olefin Recycle
Methanol1.667 Mt/a = 5000 t/d
Product Fractionation
MTP Reactors(2 operating + 1 regenerating)
1) Propylene Purity 99.6 wt. %
Ethylene20 kt/a
optional
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Lurgi�s MTP: Gas to Propylene
MTP®: Technical Highlights
§ Propylene production maximised
§ Optional ethylene available for co-polymer production
§ Valuable by-products (Gasoline, LPG)
§ Tailor-made proprietary zeolite catalyst
§ Fixed-bed rectors (simple design, easy scale-up)
§ Low coking of catalyst
§ In-situ regeneration of catalyst near reaction temperature
§ Proven process elements
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Methanol to Propylene to Polypropylene Complexbased on 3-train coal gasification
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Integrated chemicals / fuels production basedon biomass � replacing crude oil
Methanol
ASU
MTP Plant
MeOH Plant
Oxo-Alcohol Plant
COD Plant
PolypropyleneSyngas
Plant
O2
H2
CO
Propylene
Dimethylether
Diesel
Kerosene
Acrylic Acid
Acrylates
AcetatesAcetic Acid Plant
Gasoline
DME Plant
Fuels
Fuel Additives
PipesFilms
Packaging
SAPDiapers
DispersionsPaints
AdhesivesSolvents
Films
Biomass
CO
MeOH
O2
Air
CO/H2
Fischer Tropsch
26Sources: EIA Energy Outlook 2006
* ECN Report No. 7.5310
*
Economics
Cost of BTL Plants
� a wide spread
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Summery
The Development of Routes to Chemicals based onBiomass is the Winning Option in Future
Biomass can cover 30%+ of the primary energy demand,but should primarily be used as Carbon Source
Biomass is the Key Alternative for Oil and Gas
Chemicals based on Biomass Need :
- Basic research- Regional Demonstration - Industry Building embedded in Long Term Programs >10 years- Sustainable Support by Legislation
Thank you