MICRO GAS TURBINES

ON MEGA YACHTS

1

Rostock University

February 2, 2016

Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

2

What is a micro gas turbine (MGT)

Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

3 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

•IMO Tier III Regulations on NOx emissions • New constructions from January 2016

• Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) for GenSets

• No adaptation needed for MGT

•Comfort • Low vibration and noise levels

• No Lube Oil

• High maintenance intervals/expected lifetime

Motivation

4 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Drawbacks (comparison with GenSets)

• 230% Higher Air Demand Efficiency decrease with T > 23ºC Inlet ducts+Air coolers

• 15% Higher Fuel Oil consumption

Use of waste heat

• 50% higher maintenance costs

Batteries

5 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Feasibility study on Mega Yacht BV80

6 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Use of waste heat

• Mega yachts spend 90% of time in summer areas

• Up to 25% of total energy for chilled water

• Absorption chiller Use of heat to produce chilled water

Electrical demand is reduced

Overall efficiency increase

7 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

How big the absorption chiller must be

• Chilled water production depends on available heat

• Available heat depends on electrical demand

• Electrical demand varies: Ship condition (navigation, anchoring, harbour service...)

Hour of the day

Owner/guests onboard

• Development of a code to take into account variables

8

Initial

Electrical

balance

MGT

performance

Abs Chiller

model

New electrical

balance Gensets

performance

Gensets

consumption

cost

Cost savings

Power plant

consumption

cost

Selection

Abs Chiller

Percentage

of time

Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Code overview

9 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Gaussian distribution of electrical demand

Initial

Electrical

balance

10 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Gensets consumption costs

Initial

Electrical

balance

Gensets

performance

Gensets

consumption

cost

11 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Reduction of electrical demand

Initial

Electrical

balance

Abs Chiller

model

New electrical

balance

12 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Comparison Gensets vs MGT+Absorption Chiller

Initial

Electrical

balance

MGT

performance

Abs Chiller

model

New electrical

balance Gensets

performance

Gensets

consumption

cost

Cost savings

Power plant

consumption

cost

Percentages of time

Minimum Maximum

Navigation % 0 30

Harbour service % 0 30

Anchoring % 0 40

Harbour in Rest % 50 100

242 Combinations

13 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Reasonable percentages of operation

Percentage

of time

92% of cases Absorption Chiller 264 kW

selected

14 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Absorption chiller selection

Initial

Electrical

balance

MGT

performance

Abs Chiller

model

New electrical

balance Gensets

performance

Gensets

consumption

cost

Cost savings

Power plant

consumption

cost

Selection

Abs Chiller

Percentage

of time

Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez 15

Heat power profile for selected model

Gensets

SCR

Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez 16

Effect of the selected model

Absorption

Chiller

Overall efficiency 1%

higher than GenSets

17 17 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Batteries for bow thruster

• One MGT could be removed if batteries are installed Reduction of total air demand

• MGTs would work 33% more hours per year Reduction in maintenance costs

Decrease of expected life of MGTs from 20 to 15 years

18 18 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Lifetime costs of alternatives over 20 years

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Alternative 4 Alternative 5

Mil

lio

n €

Refit

Maintenance

Consumption

Initial Investment

• Alternative 1: GenSets

• Alternative 2: MGTs

• Alternative 3: MGTs + Absorption chiller

• Alternative 4: MGTs + Batteries

• Alternative 5: MGTs + Absorption chiller + Batteries

14,0

16,6

14,9

17,0

15,3

19 19 Álvaro Francisco Benet Pérez

Conclusions

• Efficiency of MGT+Absorption Chiller > GenSets

• Extra cost/year < 0.05% of total price of the ship

• Clean Image