Post on 12-Aug-2020
transcript
David B. Levin
Department of Biosystems Engineering
University of Manitoba
Winnipeg, MB
Canada
World Congress for industrial Biotechnology
June 17th – 19th, 2013
Microbial Genomics of Biocatalysts for
Consolidated Bioprocessing
Microbial Genomics of Biocatalysts for
Consolidated Bioprocessing
Slide 2
Outline
Biorefining and Consolidated Bioprocessing
Advantages of Consolidated Bioprocessing
Barriers to Consolidated Bioprocessing
Panel Speakers
BioRefining
Slide 3
Biofuels & Bioproducts from Biomass
Slide 4
BioRefining
Slide 5
Biomass Processing to Fuels & Products
BioRefining
Slide 6
The composition of lignocellulose
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth
Cellulosic Biofuels
Slide 7
Enzymatic
Hydrolysis
To monomers
Yeast fermentation
Ethanol
+ CO2
Cellulosic Biofuels: Alternative Approach -> CBP
Slide 8
Current cellulosic biofuel technologies:
SHF: Separate Hydrolysis and
Fermentation
SSF: Simultaneous Saccharification
and Fermentation
SSFC: Simultaneous Saccharification and
CoFermentation
CBP: Consolidated BioProcessing
From Lynd et al., Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 66, 506-577
Cellulosic Biofuels:
Current vs Alternative Approach
Slide 9
Use low cost waste feedstocks
Improved energy balance
Reduced production costs
Cellulosic Biofuels: Alternative Approach -> CBP
Slide 10
Minimal
Pretreatment
Increasing access to the polymers
Simultaneous
Hydrolysis and
Fermentation
Barriers to CBP
Slide 11
NAD(P) + NAD(P)HNADPH NADP+
Formate
Fdo
Acetyl -CoA
Acetate
Fdr
Acetyl -PEthanol
CO2 H
2
NADH
NAD +
H+
AMP
+PPi
ATP
2 NADH
2 NAD +
ATP
Pi
ADP
PFO
PFL
Fd H2ase
NAD+
NADH
NAD(P)H H2ase
-16 kJ/mol -19 kJ/mol
-6 kJ/mol
-9 kJ/mol
+9 kJ/mol
-13 kJ/mol
+3 kJ/mol
+18 kJ/mol
-22 kJ/mol
PyruvateLactate
NAD + NADH
LDH
-26 kJ/mol
Cellobiose
EMP
2ATP + ADP + AMP + Pi + PPi
4ATP
2 NAD+
2 NADHFrc-1,6 -P
+
Cthe335 -343
Cthe426 -430
Cthe3003 - 3004
Cthe505
Cthe345
Cthe1035
Cthe3013 - 3024 Cthe2392
Cthe2796
Cthe3120
Cthe2430 - 2435
NFO
PTACthe1029
ACKCthe1028
ATKCthe551
Cthe423
Cthe101
Cthe394
Cthe2579
AcDH /
ADH
MalateMECthe344
OxaloacetateMDHCthe345
1) Need robust industrial biocatalysts
Limitations of strict anaerobes
Grow more slowly and to lower cell densities due to limited ATP production
“Complex” genomes
Need deeper understanding
of genome and metabolism
Slide 11
Barriers to CBP
Slide 12
2) Substrate structure influences conversion efficiency
CPB promised hydrolysis and fermentation in one step, but some pretreatment is
required
What is the minimum pretreatment required to permit access to cellulose &
hemicellulose sugars and promote efficient conversion?
Available cellulose (mg): 19.4 11.5 23.0 46.0 15.7 15.8 18.3 15.4 17.3 7.7
No pre-
treatment
Barriers to CBP
Slide 13
Efficiency of substrate conversion is a function of the degree of cellulose
crystallinity
Contribution of Amorphic Cellulose (CAC) determined by X-ray diffraction
a-cellulose
Processed wood cellulose (PWC)
Processed hemp cellulose (PHC)
Processed flax
cellulose (PFC)
Barriers to CBP
Slide 14
3) Cell/Substrate interactions are very important
Role of biofilms in substrate conversion and product synthesis?
C. Thermocellum
Panel Speakers
Slide 15
1) Richard Sparling, University of Manitoba:
Microbial Genomics for the Development of Biocatalysts for Lignocellulosic
Biorefining and Biofuels production
2) Gideon Wolfarrdt, Ryerson University:
Bacteria-substrate interaction during cellulosic conversion
3) Albrecht Laufer & Jorg Riesmeier, Direvo:
Direvo’s BluCon® high-temperature consolidated bioprocess, a substrate and
product flexible approach to low-cost biofuels and biochemicals
4) Jean-Paul Leonetti & Emmanuel Petoit, Deinove:
Development of the Deinococci C6 and C5 Consolidated Bioprocessing
Platform for Manufacturing Cellulosic Ethanol and Biobased Chemicals
page 11
Thank-you
Questions?