Military EmpiresMilitary EmpiresCh. 7Ch. 7

Is it better to be feared or Is it better to be feared or respected as a ruler?respected as a ruler?

Please write a 3.8 paragraph to Please write a 3.8 paragraph to answer. See next slideanswer. See next slide

Please write a 3.8 ParagraphPlease write a 3.8 Paragraph

• Opening sentence should answer question.

• 2 sentences summarizing point 1

• 2 sentences summarizing point 2

• 2 sentences summarizing point 3

• Concluding sentence restating your opening sentence

The Assyrian Empire 650 BCThe Assyrian Empire 650 BC

Assyrians- Fear or Respect?Assyrians- Fear or Respect?• Many of the captives I burned in a fire. Many I

took alive. From some of these I cut off their hands, noses, ears, and fingers. I put out the eyes of many.

• I fixed up a pile of corpses in front of the city gate. I flayed the nobles and spread their skins out on the piles.

• After a wild battle in the field, I took it. I slew 600 of his warriors with my weapons; 3,000 prisoners I burned in a great fire; I did not take a single hostage…. I stacked the bodies like towers; the young men and girls I burned alive. I skinned the king of Hulai alive and hung his skin on the city walls. I demolished and burned the city."

I. AssyriansI. Assyrians

• War like because of where they lived

• Began conquering cities by 800 BC

• Very effective army– Iron weapons– Cavalry– Psychological

warfare

• Skilled at attacking cities– Battering rams– Seige towers

• Government– Empire broken into provinces– Roads built to link provinces– Ashurbanipal, King and

scholar, created first library

II. ChaldeansII. Chaldeans

II. ChaldeansII. Chaldeans• Descendants of Hammurabi• Nabopolassar rises up and defeats hated

Assyrians • Nebuchadnezzar becomes King and

ushers in the Golden Age• Capital city was Babylon

– Rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar– Richest city because of trade– Police forces and postal service– Hanging Gardens of Babylon

• Conquered by Persians

Babylon- Ishtar GateBabylon- Ishtar Gate

Hanging Gardens of BabylonHanging Gardens of Babylon

Another Hanging GardensAnother Hanging Gardens

Great Pyramid at Giza:Great Pyramid at Giza:Only one remainingOnly one remaining

Statue of Zeus at OlympiaStatue of Zeus at Olympia

Temple of ArtemisTemple of ArtemisBuilt in honor of Greek Goddess Built in honor of Greek Goddess

ArtemisArtemis

Mausoleum at HarnicarrsusMausoleum at HarnicarrsusBuilt for King MausollosBuilt for King Mausollos

The Colossus of RhodesThe Colossus of RhodesStood for only 56 yearsStood for only 56 years

Lighthouse at AlexandriaLighthouse at Alexandria

Map of Seven Wonders Map of Seven Wonders

Remains of BabylonRemains of Babylon

III. Persian EmpireIII. Persian Empire

III. PersiansIII. Persians• Cattle herders from central Asia• Cyrus, and later Darius, set out to conquer the world

– Army• Recruited an army of hundreds of thousands• Elite group called immortals

– Tolerated other religions-Judaism– Allowed people to govern themselves – Largest empire the world had seen

• Government– Governors, Secretary, and General ruled 20 provinces– Collected taxes, settled disputes, and protected people– Inspectors checked on Governors

What kind of leader was Darius?What kind of leader was Darius?• The laws were intended to keep the stronger from

destroying the weak. Judges were appointed for life unless they were removed for miscarriage of justice. Darius claimed that he loved what is right and hated lies and what is wrong, that he was not angry but restrained those who were angry. Those who injured he punished. Those who did not speak the truth he did not trust, believing that anyone who lies destroys. He even withdrew a death sentence when he realized that he had violated his own law not to execute anyone for only one crime, but in weighing the man's services against his crime ended up making him a governor. However, the death penalty was used for offenses against the state or the royal family, and mutilation was common for lesser crimes.

• Religion– Zoroasterism

• Ahura Mazda vs. Ahriman

• Trade– Helped to spread idea of coins– Built Royal Road– Encouraged trade but did not trade