MODULE 2Two-Dimensional (2D) Instructional MediaBy:Charmein Jakosalem

What is it AbouT?

The most widely used instructional media that teachers use. The range of this media covers pre-school education to college education.

The following slides shows the materials being used in this media:

BOARDS

Chalkboards

From the name itself chalk+board. A chalk

is used to write on the surface of the board.

It is not only used for writing, but also as posting surface for pictures, posters & etc for supplement instructions.

Yes it is one of the oldest tool for teaching but yet, still effective.

Whiteboards & Magnetic Boards

Also called as multipurpose board for its numerous functions as a board.

Its uses are the same with the usual Chalkboard but w/o the asthma because of the dusts from chalks.

Non- permanent markers are used to write on this board.

A whiteboard can be a magnetic board when it is made with metal base.

The result, instead of using pins of masking tapes, items can be posted by the use of magnets.

It’s clean surface is presentable and adds clarity to the presentation.

Cloth Boards

This board is made up of plywood or heavy cardboard

with either felt ,flannel or carpet.

Unlike the chalkboards and white boards, the surface of this board is fuzzy for its purpose, to adhere or stick materials for viewing.

These boards are portable, simple to use, durable, colorful as well as attractive.

best use for drills, positioning or describing flow patterns, short term display & etc.

Hook & Loop Boards

A plywood and cardboard is covered with a nylon loop material and the nylon hooks are adhered on the back of the instructional materials to be displayed on the board.

Used in the similar fashion with cloth boards.

Pegboards

Usually made from tempered masonite, pegboards are used to display real objects or tools with the use of hooks inserted to the board.

If organization is needed, this board really comes in handy.

Bulletin Board

Unlike the previous boards listed above, the bulletin board is designed as an instructional device that can carry messages without the presence of the teacher.

Announcements and other vital information are the usual display of this board.

GRAPHIC MATERIALS

Drawings & Sketches Drawings are very

important in the field of teaching. It can illustrate things so that hard ideas can be easily understand.

Drawings are also finished representations than sketches.

Either of the two is very effective, that’s why teachers needs to have this skills during lectures

Cartoons attracts most of the audience. It often times shows bold exaggeration to present messages or points through symbols or drawings. If using this as a teaching tool, age or maturity of the audience must be considered.

Strip Drawings it is a cartoon with story, which characters enacts stories in a sequence of related drawings.

Students do not only find this an entertaining way but also educational.

Posters A combination of lines,

images, colors and words.

This media is designed to catch the attention and communicate messages quickly.

Just like cartoons, it is vital to consider the audiences age, grade level and its purpose.

It must be simple yet attractive to the eyes.

Charts

These are graphic representations of chronologies, quantities, and hierarchies. It also adds up for better understanding for the

audience since all are arrange one after another in orderly form.

The following are one of the most used charts:

Organization chartsClassification ChartsTime lines Tabular Charts or TablesFlowcharts or Process Charts

Tree or Stream ChartsGantt Charts

Organization ChartsA graph with

organized structure to show interrelationships between different part of organization.BACK

Classification Charts

This kind of chart specifies the material’s classification, whether it is person or an object, or a plant from an animal.

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Time LinesThis graph shows sequence of different events. This graph is very useful in summarizing events and to show the important concepts through the use of pictures and drawings.

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Tabular Charts or Tables

From the name itself “tabular”, this graph shows numerical data in columns or tables. BACK

Flow Charts These kind of charts show a process, sequence, or procedure.

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Tree of Stream Charts These kind of charts

show change, growth or development by beginning with a single course and then spreads out unto many branches or by beginning with many branches which then comer together into a single channel.

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Gantt ChartA gannt chart

is an activity time chart that illustrates the start and finish dates of a certain activity or project.

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Graphs

Graphs shows quantitative data. This kind of graphics make analysis and interpretation of numerical information easier.

Types of graphs:

Line graphsBar graphsPie graph or circle graph

Area or solid graphs

Pictographs

Line graphsThey are used

when plotting trends of relationships between series of data shows

It shows the progress over a period of time.

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Bar graphsThe data are presented in horizontal or vertical bars.

Simplest and easiest to read.

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Pie graph or circle graph

Represents the parts of the whole.

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Area or Solid Graphs.

They are used to compare several related totals through the use of geometric shapes.

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Pictographs

These graph utilize related pictures or drawings to show numerical data.

It is an adaption of bar graph.

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Diagram

Shows relationship or to help explain in a process, how something works or how something is constructed.

Types:

Cluster or cl

oud

diagram

Chain o

f even

ts

Fishbone mapping

Cycle

Compare/ contrast

Venn diagram

Maps (flat maps)

Maps are representation of the earth’s surface or part of it.

Types

Political m

aps:

They show

territories and

boundaries

Types

Physical m

aps

They show data

like altitu

de,

temperature,

rainfall,

precipitation,

vegetation, and

soil.

Types:

Commercial Economic

Map

They show a variety of

information like the

economic produce of

the different regions.

Flips Charts

Supported by a four-legged easel or tripod and several sheets of paper are hinged at the upper edge of the chart.

Pictures and Photograps

Pictures- any kind of opaque representation of visual images

All photographs are pictures but not all pictures are photographs.

Postcards

These are commercially printed with space on one side an address and postage stamp used for sending a short message through mail.

Flash Cards

Used for drill activities in teaching certain topics.

Contain words, phrases, sentence, math combination or pictures.

REFERENCES: http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=magnetic+boards+for+kids&hl http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=chalk&hl http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=magnetic+boards+for+office&hl http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=cloth+board&hl http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=pegboards&hl http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?q=pegboards&hl http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl