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National Integrated Drought Information System
National HIC ConferenceJuly 31, 2008
Victor Murphy SRH Climate Svc Program Manager
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Drought A normal, recurrent feature of climate.A normal, recurrent feature of climate. Occurs in virtually all climatic zones.Occurs in virtually all climatic zones. Originates from an extended period of time Originates from an extended period of time
with a deficiency of precipitation.with a deficiency of precipitation. This deficiency results in a water shortage for This deficiency results in a water shortage for
some activity, group, or environmental sector.some activity, group, or environmental sector. Its impacts often result from the demand Its impacts often result from the demand
people place on water supply.people place on water supply. Humans often exacerbate drought impact.Humans often exacerbate drought impact.
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A Normal Recurrent Feature of Climate
Late 1910s saw south TX receive record low Late 1910s saw south TX receive record low rainfall amounts (mainly 1917-1918).rainfall amounts (mainly 1917-1918).
Dust Bowl of 1930s devastated the Central Dust Bowl of 1930s devastated the Central Plains and exacerbated the Depression of Plains and exacerbated the Depression of that decade.that decade.
Drought of record in Texas and Oklahoma Drought of record in Texas and Oklahoma occurred in the 1950s and resulted in occurred in the 1950s and resulted in numerous societal changes (i.e. construction numerous societal changes (i.e. construction of many lakes in north Texas for conservation of many lakes in north Texas for conservation and drinking water).and drinking water).
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Billion Dollar Climate and Weather Disasters Since 1980
11 different heat or drought events…$145B in damage..28% of total monetary damage.
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Federal Reaction to Droughts and Drought Policy GAO study in 1979 recommended a GAO study in 1979 recommended a
national drought plan due to the national drought plan due to the aftermath of the mid 1970s drought.aftermath of the mid 1970s drought.
Immediate offshoot is an integrated Immediate offshoot is an integrated climate monitoring system and a climate monitoring system and a national drought center. The National national drought center. The National Drought Mitigation Center in Lincoln, NB Drought Mitigation Center in Lincoln, NB is now funded by the USDA.is now funded by the USDA.
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Federal Reaction to Droughts and Drought Policy After a 2003 WGA/NOAA/NDMC After a 2003 WGA/NOAA/NDMC
meeting, the concept of NIDIS emerges.meeting, the concept of NIDIS emerges. The NIDIS final report is presented at The NIDIS final report is presented at
the WGA annual meeting in 2004 and the WGA annual meeting in 2004 and adopted.adopted.
It consists of 5 different key sections, It consists of 5 different key sections, with an emphasis on with an emphasis on monitoring, monitoring, mitigation, outreach, education, and mitigation, outreach, education, and forecasts.forecasts.
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NIDIS Primary sponsors are Rep. Mark Udall Primary sponsors are Rep. Mark Udall
of CO and Ralph Hall of TX in the of CO and Ralph Hall of TX in the House, and Sen. Nelson of NE and House, and Sen. Nelson of NE and Sen. Domenici of NM in the Senate.Sen. Domenici of NM in the Senate.
NOAA Designated as Lead Agency NOAA Designated as Lead Agency when NIDIS Act of 2006 introduced in when NIDIS Act of 2006 introduced in Congress.Congress.
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ion Public Law 109-430 passes Congress Public Law 109-430 passes Congress
in 2006. in 2006. ““The National Integrated Drought The National Integrated Drought
Information System Act of 2006.”Information System Act of 2006.” NOAA establishes a NIDIS Program NOAA establishes a NIDIS Program
Office in Boulder, CO.Office in Boulder, CO. Roger Pulwarty named as Director.Roger Pulwarty named as Director.
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ion ““A dynamic and accessible drought A dynamic and accessible drought
information system that provides users information system that provides users with the ability to determine the potential with the ability to determine the potential impacts of drought and the associated impacts of drought and the associated risks they bring, and the decision risks they bring, and the decision support tools needed to support tools needed to better prepare better prepare for and mitigate the effects of drought.”for and mitigate the effects of drought.” Public Law 109-430 (2006Public Law 109-430 (2006))
NIDIS Vision
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Now, toss in some climatechange
As per the Findings and Summary of the As per the Findings and Summary of the US Climate Change Science Program US Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment:Synthesis and Assessment:
Precip is likely to be less frequent but Precip is likely to be less frequent but more intense, and extremes are likely to more intense, and extremes are likely to increase.increase.
Droughts are likely to become more Droughts are likely to become more frequent and severe in some regions. frequent and severe in some regions. These regions include the US southwest.These regions include the US southwest.
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Drought Information: NIDIS Early Warning (sub)Systems
Monitoring and forecastingMonitoring and forecastingNational, regional and local levels: Existing, gaps, emerging needsNational, regional and local levels: Existing, gaps, emerging needs
Risk assessment Risk assessment Coordinated Federal information should enable resources andCoordinated Federal information should enable resources and disaster disaster
management authorities to generate their own risk and impact scenarios, management authorities to generate their own risk and impact scenarios, trigger and tools developmenttrigger and tools development
Communication and PreparednessCommunication and Preparedness
Inform actions required to reduce the loss and damage expected from an Inform actions required to reduce the loss and damage expected from an impending event and for post-event planningimpending event and for post-event planningU.S. Drought PortalU.S. Drought Portal
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NIDIS VISION and GOALSNIDIS VISION and GOALS
““A dynamic and accessible drought information system that provides users A dynamic and accessible drought information system that provides users with the ability to determine the potential impacts of drought and the with the ability to determine the potential impacts of drought and the associated risks they bring, and the decision support tools needed to better associated risks they bring, and the decision support tools needed to better prepare for and mitigate the effects of drought.”prepare for and mitigate the effects of drought.”
Implementation requires:Implementation requires:
• Coordinate a national drought monitoring and forecasting systemCoordinate a national drought monitoring and forecasting system
• Creating a drought early warning systemCreating a drought early warning system
• Providing an interactive drought information delivery system for Providing an interactive drought information delivery system for products and services—including an internet portal and products and services—including an internet portal and standardized products (databases, forecasts, Geographic standardized products (databases, forecasts, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), maps, etc)Information Systems (GIS), maps, etc)
• Designing mechanisms for improved interaction with public Designing mechanisms for improved interaction with public (education materials, etc)(education materials, etc)
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NOAA
Western Governors Association
USGS
Dept. of Interior (BoR)
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USDA (NRCS, ARS, CSREES)
NASA
Indigenous Waters Network
Regional Climate Centers
National Drought Mitigation Center
Association of State Climatologists
Cornell University
New Mexico State University
Rutgers University
South Dakota State University
University of Oklahoma
University of South Carolina
University of Washington
The Weather Channel
NIDIS Implementation Team Partners (to date):
www.drought.gov
New:
Duke Power
U. Georgia
Others?
Governance Structure for NIDIS Implementation
NIDIS Executive CouncilCo-chairs: Director, NOAA Climate Program Office (or designee)
Director, National Drought Mitigation Center (or designee)
NIDIS Program Office(NPO Director)•Coordinate NIDIS-relevant cross-NOAA•and Interagency drought-related activities•Develop a national presence for NIDIS(e.g. formal links to National GovernorsAss’n)•Participate in GEOSS / IEOS
Public AwarenessAnd Education
IntegratedMonitoring and
Forecasting
InterdisciplinaryResearch andApplications
Engaging PreparednessCommunities
U.S.Drought Portal
NIDIS Program Implementation Team (NPIT)Working-Level Partner Representatives
Coordinate and develop evaluation criteria for all NIDIS activities including pilot project selection
Chair: NPO Director
National Integrated Drought Information System Drought Early Warning System Design, Pilots, and Implementation
NIDIS Technical Working GroupsFederal, Regional, State, Tribal and Local Partner Leads
Embedded in national and regional, and local NIDIS ActivitiesDevelop pilot implementation and transferability criteria
Co-Chairs selected by NPIT
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www.drought.govwww.drought.gov
Showcase Portlets:1.) U.S. Drought Monitor (NOAA, USDA, NDMC)2.) Climate Prediction Center Seasonal Forecast (NOAA)3.) Drought Impacts Reporter (NDMC)
1. 2. 3.
Key Themes1.) Current Drought2.) Forecasting3.) Impacts4.) Planning5.) Education6.) Research
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National Staples in Drought Portal
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National Staples in Drought Portal
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RFC Products in Drought Portal
Others?
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Western RCC Desert Research
Institute
RISA – Pacific Northwest
RISA – California
RISA – Arizona - CLIMAS
High Plains RCC University of Nebraska
Midwestern RCC Illinois State Water Survey
InternationalResearch Institute
Northeast RCC Cornell University
Climate PredictionCenter, Climate Services Division
National ClimaticData Center
Southeast RCC S.C. Dept. of Natural
ResourcesRISA – Florida
Southern RCC Louisiana State
University
National CenterRegional Center
RISA’s
States ParticipatingIn Two Regions
RISA – Western Water
Physical Sciences Division
Pacific ENSOApplications
Center
RISA – NewHampshire
NWS RHQ
NOAA & NOAA-Supported Centers
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Percent Change in Total Population, 1990-2000
Source: U.S. Geological Survey, National Atlas of the United States
5 5
1 4 31 4 3
22
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Multiple competing valuesMultiple, competing objectives
Ecosystemshealth
Hydropower
Recreation
Floodcontrol Agriculture
Consumptiveuse
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Risk Assessments
PredictionMonitoring
ImpactMitigation
ProactivePlanning
ImprovedAdaptation?
Engaging research, management and planning communities:Stakeholder defined measures of drought and triggers for decision making
Engaging the preparedness communities
Integrating Tools:e.g. Drought Portal
Coordinating federal, state, and local drought-related activities (e.g., within watersheds and states)
Identifying and diffusing innovative strategies for drought risk assessment, communication and preparedness
NIDIS Process Model:NIDIS Process Model:Implementing NIDIS PilotsImplementing NIDIS Pilots
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RFCs are uniquely suited both in spatial RFCs are uniquely suited both in spatial coverage of HSA area and unique coverage of HSA area and unique knowledge of local customer needs to knowledge of local customer needs to deliver key products and services to deliver key products and services to meet the needs of water users and meet the needs of water users and decision makers within the ambit of decision makers within the ambit of NIDIS.NIDIS.
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Large Parts of the Large Parts of the country rely on country rely on groundwatergroundwater
Recharge intermittent Recharge intermittent in many locationsin many locations
• Very little is known about how groundwater will change• Data lacking yet critical for management and modeling• Aquifer Storage and Recovery an old technique with
potential to assist with storage issues
USGS C. 1186
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Proposed NIDIS Drought Early Warning Systems
SoutheastSoutheast
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Southeast US NIDIS Drought Workshop
April 20-30, 2008 inPeachtree City, GA
Focused on the ACF/ATCBasins and coastal plainsof AL/GA/FL
Over 60 attendees from Government and Industry
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Atlanta Journal Constitution Oct. 2007
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NWS River ForecastCenters are providingongoing regional andstate droughtinformation.
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Tri-State Water Briefing January 22, 2008
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A Consistently Deepening and Expanding Drought
Opportunities
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NIDIS Opportunities Funding provided to OHD to begin new Funding provided to OHD to begin new
low flow initiatives.low flow initiatives.
Targets of Opportunity.Targets of Opportunity. ACT/ATC BasinACT/ATC Basin Upper Colorado BasinUpper Colorado Basin
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Industry-Power/Ag
Environment
States Feds
Cities
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Thank you!
Victor Murphy 817-978-2652 x 130
Roger PulwartyRoger.Pulwarty@noaa.gov303-497-4425