Post on 27-Jan-2015
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Beyond MARC
BIBFRAME and the Future of Bibliographic Data
Emily Dust NimsakontCataloging Librarian • Nebraska Library Commission
NCompass Live • January 2, 2014
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What is BIBFRAME?
“The Bibliographic Framework Initiative (BIBFRAME) is an undertaking by the Library of Congress and the community to better accommodate future needs of the library community. A major focus of the initiative will be to determine a transition path for the MARC 21 exchange format to more Web based, Linked Data standards. Zepheira and The Library of Congress are working together to develop a Linked Data model, vocabulary and enabling tools / services for supporting this Initiative.”
- http://bibframe.org
“The Bibliographic Framework Initiative (BIBFRAME) is an undertaking by the Library of Congress and the community to better accommodate future needs of the library community. A major focus of the initiative will be to determine a transition path for the MARC 21 exchange format to more Web based, Linked Data standards. Zepheira and The Library of Congress are working together to develop a Linked Data model, vocabulary and enabling tools / services for supporting this Initiative.”
- http://bibframe.org
What’s Wrong with MARC?
It’s meant for printing catalog cards.
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It’s only used by libraries.
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It’s not very specific.
245 $b
It’s not very specific.
“Interpreting MARC: Where’s the Bibliographic Data?” Jason Thomalehttp://journal.code4lib.org/articles/3832
We need data instead of records.
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A History of BIBFRAME
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May 2011 – Bibliographic Framework Initiative announced by LCOctober 2011 – Bibliographic Framework Plan published – Linked Data model to be used
November 2012 – BIBFRAME Draft Model & Primer published
January 2013 – bibframe.org launched at ALA MidwinterAugust 2013 – discussion papers updated (use cases, annotations, resource types, authority)
What is Linked Data,
anyway?
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Wikipedia says…
“Linked Data describes a method of publishing structured data, so that it can be interlinked and
become more useful. It builds upon standard web technologies, such as HTTP and URIs - but rather than using them to serve web pages for
human readers, it extends them to share information in a way that can be read
automatically by computers.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_Data
resource
resource
resource
resource
resource links to
links to
links to
links to
data links to
links to
links to
links to
data data
data
datadata
datadata
datadata
data
data
HTML
<h1>This is a heading.</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
RDF/XML
<rdf:Descriptionrdf:about="http://www.recshop.fake/cd/Empire Burlesque"> <cd:artist>Bob Dylan</cd:artist> <cd:country>USA</cd:country> <cd:company>Columbia</cd:company> <cd:price>10.90</cd:price> <cd:year>1985</cd:year></rdf:Description>
http://www.w3schools.com/rdf/rdf_example.asp
Relationships are key
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We are used to connecting pieces of information based on their context.
Title: A Christmas CarolAuthor: Charles Dickens
Linked Data makes the relationships explicit.
subject object
A Christmas Carol
Charles Dickens
has author
predicate
<rdf:RDFxmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"xmlns:dc= "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3schools.com"><dc:description>W3Schools -Free tutorials</dc:description><dc:publisher>Refsnes Data as</dc:publisher><dc:date>2008-09-01</dc:date><dc:type>Web Development</dc:type><dc:format>text/html</dc:format><dc:language>en</dc:language>< /rdf:Description>
< /rdf:RDF>
BIBFRAME Model & Vocabulary
http://bibframe.org
Core Classes
• Work• Instance• Authority• Annotation
Work
“Resource reflecting a conceptual essence of the cataloging resource”
Instance
“Resource reflecting an individual, material embodiment of the Work”
Authority
“Resource reflecting key authority concepts that have defined relationships reflected in the Work and Instance”
Annotation
“Resource that asserts additional information about other BIBFRAME resource”
BIBFRAME & RDA
“RDA is an important source of elements in the vocabulary for BIBFRAME, even though it generally aims to be independent of any particular set of cataloging rules.”
http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/faqs/
http://www.niso.org/publications/isq/2013/v25no4
Chicken or Egg?
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“The change in rules for metadata creation, represented by RDA, will also help library metadata to be more useful, though perhaps to a lesser extent than BIBFRAME.”
Jason W. Deanhttp://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2013/charles-a-cutter-and-edward-tufte-coming-to-a-library-near-you-via-bibframe/
Practical Applications of BIBFRAME
Resources at Bibframe.org
• Use cases• Demonstrations• Tools
Use cases
http://bibframe.org/documentation/bibframe-usecases/
Tools
http://bibframe.org/tools/
Comparison service
Transformation service
Libraries experimenting
with BIBFRAME
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BIBFRAME Early Experimenters
• Library of Congress• National Library of Medicine• British Library• Deutsche Nationalbibliothek• Princeton University• George Washington University• OCLC
Colorado College and University of Denver
http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/7349
What’s next?
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Timeline?
“The MARC standard is responsible for the creation of millions of bibliographic records from all parts of the globe. We recognize the need to continue supporting MARC during the transition, and, most likely, for years to come as libraries determine their timetable for making a change.”
http://bibframe.org/contribute
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How will catalogers’ jobs change?
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“I believe we will certainly need to change most of our cataloging habits, standards, and tools…but that losing the quality and granularity of the data itself should not be a requirement.”
Gildas Illien, BnFhttp://www.niso.org/publications/isq/2013/v25no4
RDF/XML
<rdf:Descriptionrdf:about="http://www.recshop.fake/cd/Empire Burlesque"> <cd:artist>Bob Dylan</cd:artist> <cd:country>USA</cd:country> <cd:company>Columbia</cd:company> <cd:price>10.90</cd:price> <cd:year>1985</cd:year></rdf:Description>
http://www.w3schools.com/rdf/rdf_example.asp
Resources
Bibliographic Framework Initiative Informational Site http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/marcld-report-11-21-2012.pdfBibliographic Framework Initiative http://bibframe.orgBIBFRAME Listserv Archives http://listserv.loc.gov/listarch/bibframe.html
Resources
Information Standards Quarterly Winter 2013 (v.25, no. 4) http://www.niso.org/publications/isq/2013/v25no4Charles A. Cutter and Edward Tufte: Coming to a Library Near You, via BIBFRAME by Jason W. Dean http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2013/charles-a-cutter-and-edward-tufte-coming-to-a-library-near-you-via-bibframe/
Resources
– Linked Data in the Creases by Dorthea Salo http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2013/12/opinion/peer-to-peer-review/linked-data-in-the-creases-peer-to-peer-review/
– The Relationship between BIBFRAME and OCLC’s Linked-Data Model of Bibliographic Description: A Working Paper http://oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/library/2013/2013-05.pdf
– The Road to BIBFRAME by Angela Kroeger http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01639374.2013.823584
Thank you!
Emily Dust NimsakontCataloging Librarian
Nebraska Library Commission
1-800-307-2665emily.dust.nimsakont@nebraska.gov