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NGA CENTER FOR BEST PRACTICESNGA CENTER FOR BEST PRACTICES
Waves of Change: Waves of Change: Examining the Roles of Examining the Roles of
States in Emerging States in Emerging Ocean PolicyOcean Policy
Karen GautreauxKaren GautreauxLouisiana Governor’s OfficeLouisiana Governor’s Office
September 4, 2003September 4, 2003
Key Issues Key Issues Confronting State Officials:Confronting State Officials:
The America’s WETLAND The America’s WETLAND Restoration InitiativeRestoration Initiative
THE PROBLEMTHE PROBLEM
EXISTING & PREDICTED LAND LOSS 1956-2050
1956-90 Land Loss
1993-2050 Predicted Land Loss
• At least 25% of all oil At least 25% of all oil and gas consumed in and gas consumed in the U.S. and over 80% the U.S. and over 80% of offshore oil and gas of offshore oil and gas supply travels through supply travels through Louisiana’s wetlandsLouisiana’s wetlands
• More than 30% of U.S. More than 30% of U.S. fisheries catch from the fisheries catch from the lower 48 states comes lower 48 states comes from offshore Louisianafrom offshore Louisiana
ECONOMIC & ENERGY SECURITYECONOMIC & ENERGY SECURITY
THE IMPACTTHE IMPACT
• One of the largest habitats One of the largest habitats for migratory waterfowl in for migratory waterfowl in the worldthe world
• Many plant and animal Many plant and animal species in wetlands listed species in wetlands listed as threatened or as threatened or endangeredendangered
WORLD ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCEWORLD ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
THE IMPACTTHE IMPACT
Louisiana Coastal Area StudyLouisiana Coastal Area Study
• Continuation of efforts beginning in 1989 Continuation of efforts beginning in 1989 with state legislation and 1990 passage of with state legislation and 1990 passage of the Coastal Wetlands Planning Protection the Coastal Wetlands Planning Protection and Restoration (Breaux) Act.and Restoration (Breaux) Act.
• Coast 2050 developed under auspices of Coast 2050 developed under auspices of Breaux ActBreaux Act
• LCA - Comprehensive plan for LCA - Comprehensive plan for rehabilitating LA’s Coastal wetland rehabilitating LA’s Coastal wetland ecosystemecosystem
VisionVision• Sustain coastal ecosystem that supports and Sustain coastal ecosystem that supports and protects the national economy, protects the national economy,
significant significant environmental values, and the unique culture of environmental values, and the unique culture of coastal Louisianacoastal Louisiana..
Study GoalStudy Goal• Explore strategies and develop long-range, large- Explore strategies and develop long-range, large- scale plans to restore and scale plans to restore and
protect protect central Gulf coastcentral Gulf coast..
Our DirectionOur DirectionOur DirectionOur Direction
ObjectivesObjectives• Hydro-geomorphicHydro-geomorphic
• Maintain salinity gradientsMaintain salinity gradients • Increase sediment delivery Increase sediment delivery • Maintain or establish natural landscape featuresMaintain or establish natural landscape features
• EcosystemEcosystem• Improve productivity and sustain diverse flora, fauna, and habitatImprove productivity and sustain diverse flora, fauna, and habitat • Reduce nutrient delivery to the gulfReduce nutrient delivery to the gulf
• Achieve consistency of all coastal activities in support of the Achieve consistency of all coastal activities in support of the visionvision
Our DirectionOur DirectionOur DirectionOur Direction
Report PurposeReport Purpose
• Present compelling rationale for national Present compelling rationale for national action and long-term commitmentaction and long-term commitment
• Present a Plan of action at a coast-wide scalePresent a Plan of action at a coast-wide scale
• Provide basis for Congressional approval of a Provide basis for Congressional approval of a Comprehensive Plan in WRDA 2004Comprehensive Plan in WRDA 2004
What will the report include?What will the report include?What will the report include?What will the report include?
• Benefit focused primarily on National Benefit focused primarily on National Ecosystem RestorationEcosystem Restoration
• Broad-scale description of potential Broad-scale description of potential economic effects economic effects
• Programmatic Environmental Impact Programmatic Environmental Impact StatementStatement
• General Project feature locationsGeneral Project feature locations
• Cost estimatesCost estimates
Mississippi River & Delta
Mississippi River Mississippi River BasinBasin
Meandering of the Meandering of the DeltaDelta
Gulf of MexicoGulf of Mexico
Change over timeChange over time
Building the deltaBuilding the delta
Natural Natural CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Introduction to Introduction to Coastal Louisiana Coastal Louisiana (map)(map)
Building the Nation
Managing the RiverManaging the River
LA PurchaseLA Purchase
1912,1927 floods1912,1927 floods
Navigation Projects-Navigation Projects-Benefits/EffectsBenefits/Effects
Development of Development of CommunitiesCommunities
Agriculture/ ForestryAgriculture/ Forestry
Soil ConservationSoil Conservation
Energy action/ Energy action/ effects/ benefitseffects/ benefits
FisheriesFisheries
Loss of America's Wetlands
Rates and causes of Rates and causes of losseslosses
Ecological impacts Ecological impacts of future withoutof future without
Economic impactsEconomic impacts Hurricane Hurricane
protection protection systemssystems
Navigation Navigation systemssystems
Oil and GasOil and Gas
FisheriesFisheries
CulturalCultural
Saving America’s WETLAND:
Initial Phase
Breaux ActBreaux Act
Other ActivitiesOther Activities
Not solving the Not solving the ProblemProblem
Saving America’s WETLAND:
Comprehensive Plan
LCA TeamsLCA Teams
Alternatives (brief Alternatives (brief descriptions)descriptions)
The planThe plan
Comparison plan Comparison plan costs to benefits to costs to benefits to the Nationthe Nation
Coastal Coastal ConsistencyConsistency
Implementation Implementation StrategyStrategy
LCA Comprehensive ReportLCA Comprehensive Report
StoryboardStoryboard
COASTWIDE RESTORATION PLAN
BATON ROUGEBATON ROUGE
NEWORLEANS
NEWORLEANS
VENICEVENICE
HOUMAHOUMAMORGAN CITYMORGAN CITY
LAFAYETTELAFAYETTE
LAKECHARLESLAKECHARLES
MississippiRiverMississippiRiver
GIWWGIWW
GIWWGIWW
AtchafalayaRiverAtchafalayaRiver
MR-GO
MR-GO
CalcasieuRiverCalcasieuRiver
MermentauRiver
MermentauRiver
MississippiRiver OutletMississippiRiver OutletHouma
NavigationCanal
HoumaNavigationCanal
BaratariaBayWaterway
BaratariaBayWaterway
FreshwaterBayou
FreshwaterBayou
The Nation’s The Nation’s ResourceResource
Louisiana Coastal Area Louisiana Coastal Area (LCA)(LCA)
Funding StrategiesFunding Strategies
• Provide for use of multiple Provide for use of multiple appropriations to fund project appropriations to fund project construction construction
• Define new funding sourcesDefine new funding sources• Develop Federal partner programs Develop Federal partner programs
in support of LCAin support of LCA• Reallocate existing funding sourcesReallocate existing funding sources
FY02 I FY03 I FY04 I FY05 I FY06 FY02 I FY03 I FY04 I FY05 I FY06
ComprehensiveComprehensive DesignDesign
LCA Project ScheduleLCA Project ScheduleLCA Project ScheduleLCA Project Schedule
OMB/CEQ BriefingOMB/CEQ Briefing 04 Sep 0304 Sep 03
Submit Preliminary Report to Submit Preliminary Report to 12 Sep 0312 Sep 03
OMB/CEQOMB/CEQ
File DEIS/Report with EPAFile DEIS/Report with EPA 18 Sep 0318 Sep 03
Public Review BeginsPublic Review Begins 26 Sep 0326 Sep 03
Complete Public ReviewComplete Public Review 24 Nov 0324 Nov 03
File FEIS/Report with EPAFile FEIS/Report with EPA 20 Feb 0420 Feb 04
MRC MeetingMRC Meeting 31 Mar 0431 Mar 04
Chief’s Report Sent to ASA(CW)Chief’s Report Sent to ASA(CW) 30 Jun 0430 Jun 04
LESSONS LESSONS LEARNEDLEARNED
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
GOALSGOALS
• Adopt specific goals for the planAdopt specific goals for the plan
• Periodically review and revise programmatic goalsPeriodically review and revise programmatic goals
• Establish a formal process for review and update Establish a formal process for review and update
the restoration plan at defined intervalsthe restoration plan at defined intervals
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
• Secure and maintain support at the highest levels Secure and maintain support at the highest levels possiblepossible
• Program management leadership should create a Program management leadership should create a vision and organizational identityvision and organizational identity
• Plan for leadership succession to ensure Plan for leadership succession to ensure continuitycontinuity
• Assign a single project manager for each projectAssign a single project manager for each project
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
STAKEHOLDER & PUBLIC INVOLVEMENTSTAKEHOLDER & PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT• Provide opportunities for involvement at both the Provide opportunities for involvement at both the
program and project levels and implement outreach program and project levels and implement outreach and educationand education
• Target “opinion leaders” and the leaders of key Target “opinion leaders” and the leaders of key stakeholder groupsstakeholder groups
• Fully utilize the Governor’s Advisory Commission as a Fully utilize the Governor’s Advisory Commission as a vehicle for outreach and as a forum for consensus-vehicle for outreach and as a forum for consensus-building on key issuesbuilding on key issues
• Provide adequate funding and staff support for Provide adequate funding and staff support for outreach and educational activitiesoutreach and educational activities
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
PROGRAM AND PROJECT CONTROLSPROGRAM AND PROJECT CONTROLS
• Focus early on programmatic policy and Focus early on programmatic policy and proceduresprocedures
• Invest early in the development of program Invest early in the development of program and project control systemsand project control systems
• Put program-specific policy, procedures, and Put program-specific policy, procedures, and controls in place before ramp-up of project controls in place before ramp-up of project developmentdevelopment
Lessons LearnedLessons Learned
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT & PROJECT DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATIONIMPLEMENTATION• Establish process for definition and Establish process for definition and
prioritization of projectsprioritization of projects• Define project development process before Define project development process before
initiating project developmentinitiating project development• Provide flexibility in the project development Provide flexibility in the project development
processprocess• Consider regional approaches to project Consider regional approaches to project
development and implementationdevelopment and implementation
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
SOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGSOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• A “science program” should be established A “science program” should be established to support the implementation of the to support the implementation of the restoration plan and should include:restoration plan and should include:• Decision support systems (DSS)Decision support systems (DSS)• Adaptive managementAdaptive management• Research & Development (R&D)Research & Development (R&D)• Independent scientific peer reviewIndependent scientific peer review
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
SOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGSOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• Overall objective is to reduce uncertainty Overall objective is to reduce uncertainty and improve decision-making:and improve decision-making:• R&D should focus on critical gaps in data, R&D should focus on critical gaps in data,
information and knowledgeinformation and knowledge• Define an organizational structure that provides Define an organizational structure that provides
formal linkages between science and formal linkages between science and programmatic and project-level decision-programmatic and project-level decision-makingmaking
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
SOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGSOUND SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• Provide stable funding and staff support for Provide stable funding and staff support for “science program”“science program”
• Establish formal process for identification Establish formal process for identification of needs and priorities; review and update of needs and priorities; review and update at regular intervalsat regular intervals
• Establish programmatic monitoring and Establish programmatic monitoring and assessment program earlyassessment program early
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
RESOURCE REQUIREMENTSRESOURCE REQUIREMENTS
• Commit resources early to the development of Commit resources early to the development of program management infrastructureprogram management infrastructure
• Evaluate human resources requirements in Evaluate human resources requirements in terms of both capability and capacityterms of both capability and capacity
• Determine which functions will be performed Determine which functions will be performed with in-house resources and which will be with in-house resources and which will be outsourcedoutsourced
• Allow adequate time to build capability and Allow adequate time to build capability and capacitycapacity
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
PROGRAM ORGANIZATION & DECISION-PROGRAM ORGANIZATION & DECISION-MAKING STRUCTUREMAKING STRUCTURE
• Don’t defer discussion and resolution of organization Don’t defer discussion and resolution of organization issuesissues
• Embrace collaborative and consensus-oriented Embrace collaborative and consensus-oriented decision-makingdecision-making
• Ensure high-level representation and clearly define the Ensure high-level representation and clearly define the roles and responsibilities of participating agenciesroles and responsibilities of participating agencies
• Define a process for dispute resolutionDefine a process for dispute resolution
LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENTPERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT
• Continuously monitor and assess program Continuously monitor and assess program performanceperformance
• Metrics should be quantitative and time-Metrics should be quantitative and time-specificspecific
• Report results regularlyReport results regularly• Demonstrate success and learn from Demonstrate success and learn from
failurefailure
SPECIAL THANKS TO:SPECIAL THANKS TO:
• U.S. Army Corps of EngineersU.S. Army Corps of Engineers
• Parsons EngineeringParsons Engineering
• PBS&JPBS&J
• USGSUSGS
• America’s WETLAND: Campaign to America’s WETLAND: Campaign to Save Coastal LouisianaSave Coastal Louisiana