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transcript

Rich Niemiec, Rolta (Thanks: Zhong Yang, Steven Lu, Jim Viscusi, Milton Wan, Damon Grube, Mike Messina,

Sri Avantsa, & Shyam Varan Nath (+ Oracle Learning Library for Examples)

Exadata 101 The Rise of the Machines!

2013 – Rochester, New York

Rich’s Overview

• Advisor to Rolta International Board

• Former President of TUSC – Inc. 500 Company (Fastest Growing 500 Private Companies)

– 10 Offices in the United States (U.S.); Based in Chicago

– Oracle Advantage Partner in Tech & Applications

• Former President Rolta TUSC & President Rolta EICT International

• Author (3 Oracle Best Sellers – #1 Oracle Tuning Book for a Decade): – Oracle Performing Tips & Techniques (Covers Oracle7 & 8i)

– Oracle9i Performance Tips & Techniques

– Oracle Database 10g Performance Tips & Techniques

• Former President of the International Oracle Users Group

• Current President of the Midwest Oracle Users Group

• Chicago Entrepreneur Hall of Fame - 1998

• E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year & National Hall of Fame - 2001

• IOUG Top Speaker in 1991, 1994, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2007

• MOUG Top Speaker Twelve Times

• National Trio Achiever award - 2006

• Oracle Certified Master & Oracle Ace Director

• Purdue Outstanding Electrical & Computer and Engineer - 2007

Audience Knowledge

• Manager or Tech?

• Exadata V1 Experience?

• Exadata V2-2 or V2-8 Experience?

• Exadata V3-2 Experience?

• Oracle Cloud Control 12c Experience?

• Goals – Overview & Tour of Oracle EM Cloud Control 12c

– Focus on a few nice tuning features of Oracle EM Cloud Control 12c

• Non-Goals – Learn ALL aspects of Tuning with Oracle EM Cloud Control 12c

– Learn how to install Oracle EM Cloud Control 12c 11g Grid

There is a fifth dimension beyond that which is know to the CEO,

CFO, or CIO. It is a dimension that as vast as Exadata disk space,

and as untimely as an infinite loop for those that fail to embrace it. It

is the middle ground between light and shadow, between science and

superstition, between developer and DBA, and it lies between the pit

of the DBA’s fears of whether a recovery will work, and the summit of

his knowledge required for a successful upgrade. This future

dimension was once the dimension of imagination only, where we

could dream of a single database filled with millions of terabytes of

data and media. A wonderland where developers could write any

query without penalty of being timed out, or being the victim of an

anonymous kill -9; it’s a place where speed and disk space no longer

matter (as much). This has now become a reality, and I call it the

“Exabyte Zone!” - Oracle Database 11g Performance Tuning Tips & Techniques

Overview

• Terminology & the Basics about Exadata (X2-2, X2-8)

• Flash Cache

• Storage Index

• Smart Scans

• Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC)

• Enterprise Manager & Grid Control

• Enterprise Manager Exadata Simulation

• I/O Resource Manager

• Security, Best Practices

• Exalogic Elastic Cloud

• Exadata Storage Expansion Rack (July 2011)

• Oracle Exalytics Business Intelligence Machine (October 2, 2011)

• SPARC SuperCluster & Oracle Database Appliance (Sept. 2011)

• Other Hardware, Exadata X3-2 (9/2012), 12c Database / PDBs

1968: E. F. “Ted Codd”

Invents Relational Theory in his mind

“The SEQUEL/DML paper got accepted to 1974 SIGMOD. Several years later I got a call from a guy named Larry Ellison who’d read that paper;

he basically used some of the ideas from that paper to good advantage.”

– Don Chamberlin, then IBM (SQL Reunion, 1995)

“In fact, when I started Oracle, the goal was never to have a large company. At best, I hoped we would have fifty people in the company and make a good living. About five years into the company, it became pretty clear that the horizons were unlimited. The only limitations were us.” – Larry Ellison (Nicole Ricci Interview, 1998)

1977: Oracle Begins as SDL

Software Development Laboratories

“I remember seeing the Oracle system running for the first time. Larry knew about System R and about our work and he gave me a little demo. I was impressed, because it was obviously simple. It seemed fast. He loaded the database, queried it, and updated it, all in a few seconds. It was - I don't know how many - maybe five-hundred records. And it loaded instantly. The thing that impressed me the most was that it ran on a little DEC PDP-11. The machine looked to be the size of a carton of cigarettes. It must have been an LSI-11 version of the machine, if my recollection of the size is correct. And System R at the time in most of our joint studies and at IBM was running on 168s. Now a 168 is only maybe the power of a 486DX2 or something, but the fact of the matter is it was a huge machine which would probably not fit in this room (water cooled).”

- Mike Blasgen, IBM System-R Team

1979/1980: SIGMOD Conference

“I thought, "Simple, fast, cheap; that's neat. People will buy it."

- Mike Blasgen, IBM System-R Team

1979/1980: SIGMOD Conference

Fast Forward

3 Decades –

With Exadata …=>

(Addressable Memory):

1983 – First 32-bit

(V3: 4G possible)

1995 – First 64-bit

V7.3: (16E possible)

2009: Oracle Buys Sun

(Hardware Accelerates)

All Data in the world 2010 = 1000E or 1Z

2K – A typewritten page 5M – The complete works of Shakespeare 10M – One minute of high fidelity sound 2T – Information generated on YouTube in one day 10T – 530,000,000 miles of bookshelves at the Library of Congress 20P – All hard-disk drives in 1995 (or your database in 2010) 700P –Data of 700,000 companies with Revenues less than $200M 1E – Combined Fortune 1000 company databases (average 1P each) 1E –Next 9000 world company databases (average 100T each) 8E – Capacity of ONE Oracle11g Database (CURRENT) 12E to 16E – Info generated before 1999 (memory resident in 64-bit) 16E – Addressable memory with 64-bit (CURRENT) 161E – New information in 2006 (mostly images not stored in DB) 1Z – 1000E (Zettabyte - Grains of sand on beaches -125 Oracle DBs) 100TY - 100T-Yottabytes – Addressable memory 128-bit (FUTURE)

The Future: 8 Exabytes

Look what fits in one 11g Database!

Bigger Data – Get Ready for it…

Worldwide, data is growing rapidly*:

2000: 800 Terabytes (1012)

2006: 160 Exabytes (1018)

2009: 500 Exabytes (just Internet)

2012: 2.7 Zettabytes (1021)

2020: 35 Zettabytes …?

Data generated in ONE day*….?

Twitter: 7 TB

Facebook: > 10 TB

Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity

McKinsey Global Institute 2011

Brain: 2.8 x 1020 bits of Memory

Space – John von Neumann, Harvard * Data collated from various online sources

How Much Data …

• 2004 monthly internet traffic >1E; 2010 it was 21E/month.

• In 2012, 2.5E data created every day (about 1Z=1000E per year)

• June 2012 – Facebook has 100P Hadoop cluster

• Facebook: 500T processed daily – (210T/hr DWHSE scanned)

• A Single Jet Engine – 20T/hour –same rate as Facebook!

• Gmail has 450 million users

• Wal-Mart – 1 million customer transactions/hour (2.5P DB)

• Large Hadron Colider produced 13P in one year

• Business data doubles every 1.2 years

• 19% of $1B companies have >1P of data (31% in 2013)

• 2011 – First Exabyte tape library from Oracle

• Decoding Human Genome took 10 yrs; Now takes a week!

Goals …

• Goals

– Overview of Exadata – Easy

– Exadata Fit in Oracle Strategy

– Some Tech & Grid Examples

– Exalogic, Exadata Expansion Rack

• Non-Goals

– Making you the Expert

Computing has Shifted from

Monolithic to Decentralized

Source: Forrester Research, Inc. - 2002

Acceleration! Next Generation Hardware

• Exadata/Exalogic from Oracle

• EMC V-Max

• IBM pureScale (for DB2)

• Flash Arrays (Violin Memory)

• Fusion-IO

Where to find Gold … X marks the spot!

Future Goal is to do this for Others:

Applications Acquisitions

Not to be confused with… Fusion Middleware/BI Acquisitions:

How BIG Oracle is Getting - OW

How about the Oracle JAVA World?

14 Storage Servers

- 14x12=168 Disks

- 100T SAS or

- 504T SAS

- 22.4TB+ flash storage!

8 Compute Servers

• 8 x 2 sockets x 8 cores = 128 cores

• 2T DRAM

InfiniBand Network

• 40 Gb/sec each direction

• Fault Tolerant

Exadata (X3-2)

(Oracle’s picture)

Exadata is MORE than Hardware*

with compression

10 TB of user data

Requires 10 TB of IO

100 GB

with partition pruning

with Storage Indexes

with Smart Scans

Sub second

On Database

Machine

Data is 10x Smaller, Scans are 2000x faster

*Oracle Slide – Thanks!

Audience Experience?

Exadata V1? Exadata X2-2? X3-2?

10x faster than any Oracle DW 5x faster than V1

Big Difference…

Much Improved!

Exadata V1?

Exadata X2?

Exadata X3?

Terminology & The Basics

Some Terms

• High Capacity 3T SAS Disk (504T)–

Big/Slower – Like a 33 1/3 <7200 RPM>

• Used to be 2T SATA=Serial Advanced

Technology Attachment

• High Perf. 600G SAS Disk (100T) –

Small & Fast – Like a 45 <15K RPM>

• SAS=Serial Attached SCSI (Small

Computer System Interface)

More SPEED Coming… Get Ready…

This guy does not ever slow down!!

WHAT is it (X3-2)?

• Hardware ready for an internal 8-Node RAC cluster

• All the CPU power you need (128 cores)

• Mega DRAM Server Memory (2T)

• Super-Mega Flash Memory (22.4T)

• Super fast interconnect (40Gb/s)

• 100T of SAS disk (45T useable)

• Database could be MUCH larger with compression!

• If you need it & can afford it – You want it!!

Introduction to RAC - Shared Data Model

Exadata puts it back into One Machine

Shared Disk Database

Shared Memory/Global Area

shared

buffer

. . . . . . Shared Memory/Global Area

shared

buffer

shared

buffer

shared

buffer

Instance 1 Instance 2 Instance N-1 Instance N

How BIG is it?

• 128 Cores (16 eight core CPUs) on compute servers +168 cores on storage servers = 296 cores total-full rack

• 2T server DRAM

• 22.4T of flash cache (100G/sec)

• 100T SAS disk (45T useable) –15K RPM (25G/s; 50K IO/s)

• 504T disk space (224T useable) – SAS 7.2K RPM

• SAS High Performance (15K RPM) or SAS High Capacity (7.2K RPM)

• SAS=Serial Attached SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)

• DRAM – Dynamic Random Access Memory

How FAST can it be?

• ALL Disks Combined:

– SAS – 25G/s (50,000 IOPS = 300 IOPS x 12 disk x 14)

– SAS High Capacity – 18 G/s (28,000 IOPS)

– SATA (Original 2T drives) – 12 G/s (20,000 IOPS)

• ALL Flash Cache Combined (5.4G/s per cell):

– 75G/s (1,500,000 IOPS); <20x more random I/O; 2x seq)

• Max Data Bandwidth with Disk + Cache + Compress:

– 500G/s (10x compression)

• Data Load Rate:

– 16T/hour (Full Rack)

How FAST is it?

Compared to the competition & previous Oracle:

• 5 – 100x for Data Warehousing

• 20x faster for OLTP

• Also - Miscellaneous:

– Hot Swappable Redundant Power

– Each Database Server - Dual Port InfiniBand 40Gb/s card

– Database Servers have Disk Controller HBA (Host Bus Adapter) has 512M battery backed up cache

– Each DB Server has 4 x 1GbE interfaces & ILOM (Integrated Lights Out Management – Remote power on)

– Two 10G Ethernet ports (optical)

How they got these NUMBERS?

(FYI Only)

• 8 compute servers – 8 servers x 2 CPU sockets x 8 cores = 128 cores (Xeon E5-2690)

• 8 servers x 256G DRAM = 2T DRAM

• 14 Storage Servers total 336G DRAM = 2.3T+ Total DRAM

• 3 InfiniBand Switches x 36 ports = 108 ports

• 14 Storage Servers (100-504T) with Flash Cache (22.4T) – 400G x 4 banks = 1.6T flash cache per storage server

– 14 storage servers x 1.6T = 22.4T Flash Cache

– 12 disks per storage server x 14 servers = 168 disks

– 168 disks x 600G SAS = 101T High Performance SAS

– 168 disks x 3T SAS = 504T High Capacity SAS

– Additional total storage of 9.6T on Database Servers (300G drives)

• 14 storage servers x 2 six core L5640 = 168 additional cores

Compute Servers – Like 8 Node RAC!

• 8 compute servers (Intel Xeon E5-2690’s at 2.9 GHz) – 8 servers x 2 CPU sockets x 8 cores = 128 cores

• 8 compute servers x 256G DRAM = 2T DRAM

• 4 x 300G drives x 8 = 9.6T (in addition to storage servers)

Storage Servers – Full Rack

• 14 Storage Servers with Flash Cache

– 24Gx14= 336G of DRAM (in addition to database servers)

– 400G x 4 cards = 1.6T per storage server of flash cache

– Additional 168 CPU cores on the storage!

– 168 disks x 600G SAS = 101T SAS

– 168 disks x 3T SATA = 504T SAS

12 Disks

Hot Swappable

(400G each)

InfiniBand – 40Gb/s Each way

• Leaf and spine switches wired at factory depending on

needs and how many Racks you’ll have – careful!

36 Ports

Put it all together – Oracle’s picture

of the X3-2

14 Storage Servers

- 14x12=168 Disks

- 100T SAS or

- 504T SAS

- 22.4TB+ flash storage!

8 Compute Servers

• 8 x 2 sockets x 8 cores = 128 cores

• 2T DRAM

InfiniBand Network

• 40 Gb/sec each direction

• Fault Tolerant

NEW X3-2 - One more time…

• 8 compute servers – 8 servers x 2 CPU sockets x 8 cores = 128 cores (Xeon E5-2690)

• 8 servers x 256G DRAM = 2T DRAM

• 14 Storage Servers total 336G DRAM = 2.3T+ Total DRAM

• 14 Storage Servers (100-504T) with Flash Cache (22.4T) – 400G x 4 banks = 1.6T flash cache per storage server

– 168 disks x 600G SAS = 101T High Performance SAS

– 168 disks x 3T SAS = 504T High Capacity SAS

– Additional total storage of 9.6T on Database Servers (300G drives)

• 14 storage servers x 2 six core L5640 = 168 additional cores

OLD X2-2 - One more time…

• 8 compute servers (Intel Xeon X5675’s)

– 8 servers x 2 CPU sockets x 6 cores = 96 cores

• 8 compute servers x 96G DRAM = 768G DRAM

– (Expandable to 1.1T Total DRAM)

• 14 Storage Servers with 168 CPU cores & Flash Cache

– 96G x 4 banks = 394G DRAM per storage server

– 14 storage servers x 394G = 5.376T Flash Cache

– 168 disks x 600G SAS = 101T SAS (High Performance)

– 168 disks x 3T SATA = 504T SAS (High Capacity)

The X3-2 is much more than X2-2 …

• 4x more Flash Memory

• 20x increase in Write Performance (Smart Flash Cache Write-Back – could age out in months/years)

• 33% more Data Throughput

• 10 – 30% more Power Savings (-3KW per rack)

• 33% faster CPUs & 75% more Memory

• Same price except 6-core to 8-core software increase

• Can expand V2 or X-2 (½ or ¼ rack & add X3-2)

*** If on 11.2.3.2+ … Does not require

Database/ASM / Cluster upgrade

X3-2: Full Rack or ½ or ¼ or 1/8

Full Half Quarter Eighth

Memory/DRAM 2T 1T 512G 512G

Servers/cores 8/128 4/64 2/32 2/16

Servers/disks** 14/168 7/84 3/36 3/18

Flash Memory 22.4T 11.2T 4.8T 2.4T

SAS (High Performance) 100T 50T 21.6T 10.8T

SAS (High Capacity) 504T 252T 108T 54T

Flash IOPs 1,500,000 750,000 375,000 187K

InfiniBand Switches 3 3 2 2

Data Load Rates 16T/hr* 8T/hr* 4T/hr* 2T/hr * Estimate ** 600G High Performance SAS or 3T High Capacity SAS; X3-2 has 1/8 Rack, the X2-2 does not!

Exadata X-3-8: In-Memory Database

4 T DRAM / 22 T Flash Cache

How will NEW 3-8 change these …

• 2 compute servers (E7-8870 CPU at 2.4 GHz & 5T SAS)

– 2 servers x 8 CPU sockets x 10 cores = 160 cores

• 2 compute servers x 2T DRAM = 4T DRAM

• 14 Storage Servers with 168 CPU cores & Flash Cache

– 400G x 4 banks = 1.6T DRAM per storage server

– 168 disks x 600G SAS = 101T SAS

– 168 disks x 2T SATA = 504T SAS

Where did all my disk space go?

• Lost Space:

– 100T SAS = 45T usable

– 504T SAS = 224T usable

• Apply some compression & get it back:

– 45T usable x 10 = 450T SAS

(High Performance SAS)

– 224T usable x 10 = 2.24P SAS

(High Capacity SAS)

-The Past is History

- The Future is a Mystery

- Today is a Gift

- That’s why they call it the present!

Where are YOU in History…

Some Case Studies

• Australian Finance Group – Process broker commission from 37 hours to 9 hours; Improved Siebel CRM 8X

• Turkey Mobile operator (97% of country) – Compression 40T to 10T

• Banca Transilvania– 30x faster queries; 30% energy savings

• Bokwang Family mart – Process 900,000 orders from 50 minutes to 7 minutes; Order filtering from 15 minutes to 30 seconds

• Enkitec – Consolidate 20 servers (two racks) into one Exadata saving an 100k power/cooling retrofits

• Finansbank – Used advanced indexing/compression to reduce 18T to 9.5T; DWHSE load from 341 to 250 minutes. Daily backups instead of a limited weekend only backup.

Some Case Studies

• Hiscom – Cut data processing speed (data loaded from 6,000+ Coca-Cola machines) by 3,000% by consolidating Oracle and Teradata into Exadata. Also eliminated Teradata license costs.

• LinkShare – Reduced data center floor space and power by 400%; 8x increase in query speed while reducing servers and storage by eight-fold; Use Enterprise Manager for tuning/monitoring

• Polk – 10x faster queries; Reduced storage with 10-15x compression; Partitioning for performance improvements.

• SoftBank Mobile – 8x faster queries; The system is processing one trillion items in a few seconds; Customer logs analysis went from 25 hours to 7 hours.

Some Case Studies

• Sogeti USA – Apps migrated to Exadata; Reduced weekly tape backup from 4 hours to a disk backup in 5 minutes with replication to the cloud. Reduced the number of servers and consolidated databases.

• Turkcell – 1.5 billion call records a day; Used HCC to go from 250T to 25T; Reduced report time from 27 minutes to 3 minutes; Reduced 10 storage cabinets to 1 Exadata rack.

• Yamazaki Baking – 3.5 M transactions per day. Moved from 9i to 11g Exadata (32 bit to 64 bit) and improved performance 30x. Some reports used to never finish at month end – they now finish – smart scans were a huge boost.

• Thomson Reuters – 2 large UNIX servers to 1 Exadata – 11x faster

• BNP Paribas - 4 large UNIX servers to 1 Exadata – 17x faster

How Oracle saved $1B:

CONSOLIDATION! & Process

Process

Technology

People

Proof of Concept – Wait Events

Our own ¼ Rack Exadata!

• Rolta POC –Consistent Improvement; Reduced waits by over 50x in some cases.

• Testing included disparate workloads with consistent improvement across all tests. Time spent waiting on I/O improved drastically. Better I/O in turn lowered or eliminated other wait events

Proof of Concept – Features

• Rolta POC –Advanced Compression and query parallelism boosted performance anywhere from 13x to 1700x faster (different query sets on x-axis).

Proof of Concept – Run Time

• Rolta POC – Exadata specific SQL Tuning, enabling compression and Parallel Query features further improved run times on both long and short/quick running queries.

• The improvements were 400% – 700% range

What’s Making it FAST?

• Fast Hardware!

• Many CPUs

• Flash Cache

• Lot’s of DRAM (Parallel Query in DRAM in 11.2)

• Smart Scan (save 4x-10x)

• Storage Indexes (save 5x-10x)

• Compression (save 10x-70x)

• Partition Pruning (save 10x-100x)

• Turn a 1T search into a 500M search or even 50M

Smart Scans

Smart Scans – 10x savings common

• HARDWARE Scans with NO Code Change:

– Filters based on WHERE clause (predicates)

– Filters on row / column / join condition

– Incremental Backup Filtering

• Works with:

– Uncommitted data

– Locked rows

– Chained rows

– Compressed Data

– Encrypted Data (11.2)

• You can SEE the benefit with Grid Control (OEM)

Oracle performance test…

• Without Smart Scan (Push whole table via network)

– 5T Table Scan

– Network bandwidth (40Gb/s) slows things

• 40Gb/s = 5GB/s; with 14 storage cells = 0.357GB/s each

– 16 minutes, 40 seconds (5T/5GB/s)

• With Smart Scan (Limit first at hardware level)

– 5T Table Scan

– Limit result BEFORE it hits the network

• Effectively scan 21GB/s (1.5G/storage cell * 14 cells)

– 3 minutes, 58 seconds (5T/21G/s)

The SMART Flash Cache

ALL Flash Cache Combined (5.4G/s per cell): 75G/s (1,500,000 IOPS)

20x more random I/O; 2x more sequential I/O (vs. disk)

Flash Cache – 20x-50x faster than disk

• Caches HOT Data – Does as LAST step!

• PCIe based Flash cards (PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect express)

• Knows which objects NOT to cache (FTS)

• Can specify WHAT you want to cache

– STORAGE (CELL_FLASH_CACHE KEEP)

– Table/Partition level with CREATE or ALTER

• Write through caches is used to accelerate reads – Data written to disk also written to cache for future reads.

Flash Cache

• Caches

– Hot Data/Index Blocks

– Control File reads/writes

– File header reads/writes

• Does NOT cache

– Mirror copies / Backups / Data Pump

– Tablespace Formatting

– Table Scans (rare)

24G x 4 doms = 96G (dom = disk on module – “solid state”)

400G x 4 flash cards = 1.6T per storage server of flash cache

14 storage servers x 1.6T = 22.4T Flash Cache

Flash Cache LRU

• CELL_FLASH_CACHE storage clause

– DEFAULT (normal – large I/O’s not cached)

– KEEP (use flash cache more aggressive / May not occupy > 80%)

– NONE (flash cache not used)

• CACHE (NOCACHE) Hint

– I/O cached/not-cached in the flash cache

– SELECT /*+ CACHE */ …

• EVICT Hint – Data removed from the flash cache

• ASM rebalance data is evicted from cache when done

• Large I/O (Full Table Scans) on objects with CELL_FLASH_CACHE set to DEFAULT are not cached

Using the KEEP cache

ALTER TABLE CUSTOMER

STORAGE (CELL_FLASH_CACHE KEEP);

Table Altered.

SELECT TABLE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME,

CELL_FLASH_CACHE

FROM USER_TABLES

WHERE TABLE_NAME = ‘CUSTOMER’;

TABLE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME CELL_FL

------------ ------------------- -------

CUSTOMER R_TEST KEEP

How it works…

• DB Request comes to CELLSRV (Cell storage server)

• CELLSRV (first time) gets data from disk – Data cached based on settings, hints … etc.

– Data to WRITE may also be cached after written if it is deemed that it may be needed again.

• CELLSRV (next time) checks: – In Memory Hash Table that lists what is cached

– If cached – goes to flash cache

– In not cached …may cache based on settings…etc.

• CELLCLI> list flashcache detail (allows you to monitor)

• CELLCLI> list flachcachecontent where ObjectNumber=62340 detail

(Select DATAOBJ# =from obj$ where name = ‘CUSTOMER’;)

Is it working for me…

SELECT NAME, VALUE

FROM V$SYSSTAT

WHERE NAME IN (

‘physical read total IO requests’,

‘physical read requests optimized’);

Name Value

---------------------------------------------- --------

physical read total IO requests 36240

physical read requests optimized 23954

(this second line (*8192) is flash cache used)

It IS working … 4G query

SELECT NAME, VALUE, VALUE*8192 VALUE2

FROM V$SYSSTAT

WHERE NAME IN (

‘physical read total IO requests’,

‘physical read requests optimized’);

NAME VALUE VALUE2

--------------------------------- -------- --------

physical read total IO requests 10,862,844 88,988,418,048

physical read requests optimized 2,805,003 22,978,584,576

run2.....

run4 .....

It IS working … V$SQL

Select sql_text, optimized_phy_read_requests, physical_read_requests, io_cell_offload_eligible_bytes

from v$sql

where sql_text like '%FIND YOUR SQL%'

SQL_TEXT OPTIMIZED_PHY_READ_REQUESTS PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS

------------ --------------------------- ----------------------

IO_CELL_OFFLOAD_ELIGIBLE_BYTES

------------------------------

SELECT.... 567790 688309

4.2501E+10

Run 2.....

SELECT… 762747 906729

4.9069E+10

run 4 ....

SELECT... 1352166 1566537

6.8772E+10

Storage Indexes (11.2)

** Thanks Oracle for this image

Storage Index - 10x is common (11.2)

• Storage Indexes maintain summary information about the data– (like Meta Data in a way)

• A CELL LEVEL (storage) Memory Structure

• Groups things into Min/Max for various columns

• Eliminates I/Os where there is no match

• Transparent to the user

• Done at the hardware level

• Typically one index for every 1M of disk

• NOT like a B-Tree Index…more like partition elimination to skip data NOT meeting conditions

• 100% done by Oracle – NO COMMANDS NEEDED!!

Is it working for me…

SELECT NAME, VALUE

FROM V$SYSSTAT

WHERE NAME LIKE (‘%storage%’);

NAME VALUE

--------------------------------------------- -------

cell physical IO bytes saved by storage index 25604736

(actual savings from Exadata built storage index)

Check BOTH servers…

SELECT NAME, VALUE

FROM GV$SYSSTAT

WHERE NAME LIKE (‘%storage%’);

NAME VALUE

--------------------------------------------- -----------

(actual savings from Exadata built storage index)

Case two – More advanced comparing

ORDERED data to NON-ORDERED

SQL> desc table_no_order

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

OBJECT_ID NUMBER

OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(128)

SQL> desc table_ordered

Name Null? Type

----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------

OBJECT_ID NUMBER

OBJECT_NAME VARCHAR2(128)

Case two – More advanced comparing

ORDERED data to NON-ORDERED

select count(*)

from table_no_order;

COUNT(*)

--------------

482246656

select count(*)

from table_ordered;

COUNT(*)

--------------

482246656

alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered

Non-Ordered does not use Storage Index

select count(*)

from table_no_order

where object_id=20;

COUNT(*)

--------------

Elapsed: 00:00:01.64

select name ,value from v$mystat m,v$statname n

where m.statistic#=n.statistic#

and n.name like '%storage%‘

and m.value>0;

no rows selected

alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered

Over 10x faster… uses Storage Index

select count(*)

from table_ordered

where object_id=20;

COUNT(*)

--------------

Elapsed: 00:00:00.11

select name ,value from v$mystat m,v$statname n

where m.statistic#=n.statistic#

and n.name like '%storage%‘

and m.value>0;

NAME VALUE

---------------------------------------------------------------- --------------

cell physical IO bytes saved by storage index 1.5211E+10

Hybrid Columnar Compression (11.2)

Hybrid Columnar Compression

2. Stored in Compression Units

(Better compression when column data stored together)

1. Column Data Compressed

(Archive)

(Warehouse)

** Thanks Oracle for these images

Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression

(EHCC) – 4-10x & 30x is common

• What is it (a HYBRID of column & row storage)?

– Data organized by column and compressed vs. row

– Tables organized in Compression Units (CU)-1000 rows?

– CU’s span many blocks (32K)

– Good for data bulk loaded (not for OLTP – single block)

• What’s it for?

– Query Data / DWHS (NOT frequently Updated)

• How much does it compress (old OLTP was 2-3x)?

– 10x in a typical data warehouse compression; (we got 4-11)

– 15x to 70x in archive compression (cold data); (we got 32)

• Faster Operations: Query runs without decompression

– Compressed/Processed in FLASH CACHE; lower I/O!

– Compressed when sent over InfiniBand!

– Cloned compressed!

– Backed Up compressed!

– Scans MUCH less (compressed) data

• Worth Noting:

– Use standard table compression for OLTP

– Single block lookup FASTER than other columnar storage

– Updated rows migrate to normal / lower level compression

• Fully supported:

– B-Tree Indexes

– Bitmap Indexes

– Text Index

– Materialized Views

– Partitioning

– Parallel Query

– Data Guard Physical Standby

– Logical Standby and Streams (FUTURE release)

– Smart Scans of HCC tables!

Other Oracle Compression

• Data Pump Compression

– Compression = {ALL | DATA_ONLY | NONE}

• RMAN Backup Compression

– Compression Level LOW/HIGH (New in 11.2)

• Secure File Compression

– LOW/MEDIUM/HIGH (2-3x compression)

– Deduplication & Encryption

• Normal OLTP Table Compression (since 9.2)

– 11g now supports INSERT/UPDATE

– FASTER Algorithm

• Data Guard Redo Transport Compression

Also remember … bad queries still bad!

Insert row by row…

declare v_t_object_id number; v_t2_object_id number; v_t_object_name varchar2(100); cursor mycur is select object_id from t2; begin open mycur; loop fetch mycur into v_t2_object_id; exit when mycur%notfound; begin select distinct t.object_id, t.object_name into v_t_object_id, v_t_object_name from t where t.object_id=v_t2_object_id; if SQL%ROWCOUNT =1 then insert into t3 values ( v_t_object_id,v_t_object_name ); end if; exception when no_data_found then null; end; end loop; close mycur; commit; end; /

Performance Improved by 60x

In Exadata… write smart queries!

alter session enable parallel dml;

Session altered.

SQL> @row-by-row

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Elapsed: 00:03:44.94

Insert all at once:

insert into t2

select distinct t.object_id, t.object_name

from t,t2 where t.object_id=t2.object_id;

98 rows created.

Elapsed: 00:00:04.95

Benefits Multiply*: Access 1/2000th the data; It’s

like getting 8P memory resident in 4T of an X3-8

with compression

10 TB of user data

Requires 10 TB of IO

100 GB

with partition pruning

with Storage Indexes

with Smart Scans

Sub second

On Database

Machine

Data is 10x Smaller, Scans are 2000x faster

*Oracle Slide – Thanks!

Enterprise Manager &

Grid Control for Exadata

Cloud Control 12c – Monitor Exadata

SQL Performance Analyzer

12c – Exadata Simulation

Upgrade

Options

Exadata Simulation

Resource Management (IORM)

(FYI Only)

IORM - I/O Resource Management

• Set I/O resources for different instance

– Instance A = 50%

– Instance B = 30%

– Instance C = 20%

• Further set I/O based on users and tasks

– Instance A Interactive = 50%

– Instance A Reporting = 25%

– Instance A Batch = 15%

– Instance A ETL = 15%

• Best Solution for MIXED workloads & many instances

DBRM – Database Resource Manager

• Enhanced for Exadata

• Allows management of inter and intra DB I/O

• Inter-DB – Managed via IORM & Exadata storage software

• Intra-DB - Managed via Consumer Group

• CPU

• Undo

• DOP (Degree of Parallelism)

• Active Sessions

Grid Control - Resource Manager

Security – FYI Only

Oracle Audit Vault

Oracle Database Vault

DB Security Evaluation #19

Transparent Data Encryption

EM Configuration Scanning

Fine Grained Auditing (9i)

Secure application roles

Client Identifier / Identity propagation

Oracle Label Security (2000)

Proxy authentication

Enterprise User Security

Global roles

Virtual Private Database (8i)

Database Encryption API

Strong authentication (PKI, Kerberos, RADIUS)

Native Network Encryption (Oracle7)

Database Auditing

Government customer

Oracle Database Security Built over MANY years...

1977 *Oracle Slide – Thanks!

Security

• Audit Vault

• Total Recall / Flashback

• Database Vault

• Label Security

• Advanced Security

• Secure encrypted backup (also available: incremental

backup with Change Tracking File – much faster)

• Data Masking

• Data Guard

• Failure Groups – (automatic-for storage cell failure)

Enhanced security of Audit Data with new

AUDIT_ADMIN role

• Also SYSBACKUP privilege (don’t need SYSDBA for RMAN)

• Update strong user authentication using kerberos

• Simplified Vault administration

Security Enhancements in 12c

Best Practices

MUST haves & DON’T do!

• Must have Latest Bundle Patch (See note: 888828.1 for latest)

• Must have the correct data center COOLING! – 3 tiles with holes for full rack (400 CFM/tile) – don’t melt it!

• Must have the correct power needs

• Must use Oracle Linux 5.8 (x86_64) or Solaris 11 (Selectable at install time) & Oracle11.2

• Must have ASM & use RMAN for backups

• Consider StorageTek SL500 Tape backup

• Use an ASM allocation unit (AU) size of 4M

• Don’t add any foreign hardware or – No Support!

• Don’t change BIOS/Firmware or – No Support!

Best Practices

• Create ALL celldisk and griddisks

• Use DCLI to run on ALL Storage Servers at once

• Use IORM

• Decide Fast Recovery Area (FRA) & MAA Needs

• Database 11.2.0.1+ (11.2.1.3.1) and ASM 11.2.0.1+

• COMPATIBLE 11.2.0.1+

• Logfile size at 32G (Whoa!)

• LMT (Locally Managed Tablespaces) with at 4M uniform extents

• Move Data with Data Pump (or use INSERT /*+ APPEND */)

It’s the Real Deal!

Oracle: Aggressive!

• Fast Hardware!

• Many CPUs!

• Fast Flash Cache!

• Lot’s of DRAM on Database Servers and Storage

• Compression (save 10x-70x)

• Partition Pruning (save 10-100x)

• Storage Indexes (save 5-10x)

• Smart Scan (save 4-10x)

• Turn a 1T search into a 500M search or even 50M

Exadata = Paradigm Shift!

March 4, 1986 – Sun

(Stanford University Network)

March 12, 1986 – Oracle

ORCL IPO:

Open:15

Close:20.75

Up 38%

March 13, 1986 – Microsoft Next?

Oracle Taking over Hardware…

1/8 Rack

What’s Next – Exalogic Elastic Cloud!

Built for Applications Tier (Note: There is a ½, ¼ & 1/8 Rack)

• Some points here – Oracle is leveraging those acquisitions! – Coherence is a great product / NEW Linux – Unbreakable

Enterprise Kernel! Tuxedo is part of X3-2.

– X2-2:- 360 CPU cores, 2.9T DRAM, 4T FlashFire SSD Read Cache, 60T SAS – Will help Fusion Apps Smoke!

– X3-2:- 480 CPU cores, 7.68T DRAM, 4T FlashFire SSD Read Cache, 60T SAS – Will help Fusion Apps Smoke!

– 1M HTTP/sec (X2-2) – When released, it could fit Facebook on 2 of these even thought there were 500M people on Facebook

What’s Next –

Exadata Storage Expansion Rack X3-2! (Note: Also ½ & ¼ Rack, and 600G drives)

• Oracle is leveraging those acquisitions!

– 18 storage servers (216 3T drives): 648T raw disk (288T useable) 6.75T Flash Cache, 216 CPU cores (22.8T Flash Cache in the X3-2)

– InfiniBand connected.

– 1.9M Flash read IOPS, 32K disk IOPS

– On-disk backup – 27T/hour (Great for older data / images)

8 Full Racks = 5.2 Petabytes of raw disk!

(with compression store even more!)

What’s Next –

Exadata Storage Expansion Rack X3-2!

• Exadata Storage Server Software:

– Smart Scan Technology (even Data Mining Scores)

– Smart Flash Cache

– Storage Indexes

– Hybrid Columnar Compression

– IORM / DBRM

– Smart Scans of Data Mining Model Scoring

– ASM (Automatic Storage Management)

– Backup with RMAN

– Restores using Flashback Technologies

– Redundant power & InfiniBand Switches

107 * Thanks Oracle for images (Original ODA above and New X3-2 ODA below)

CAPACITY

HIGHER

Oracle Systems Family*

(Updated for the ODA 3-2 & X3-2)

Oracle Exadata Quarter Rack (X3-2)

32 Database Cores

3 Exadata Storage Servers

72 TB Storage

1.1 TB Smart Flash Cache

Smart Scan / Storage Indexes

Large Flash I/O (4.8T)

Fully Expandable

Oracle Database Appliance 2 cores

Oracle Database Appliance 32 cores

Oracle Database Appliance (3-2)

2 to 32 Cores

Cores can be disabled

18 TB Storage** (36T Possible)

800 GB Flash*** (for Redo Logs)

One Button Deployment, Patching, and Support

* This Slide (edited by me) from Oracle Corporation – Thanks!

** Note that the disk speed was 15K RPMs on the previous ODA and only 10K RPMs on the ODA 3-2

*** Note that the Flash is put in the expansion area (could limit disk space)

Oracle Database Appliance Small Business (SMB) & Departmental Focus

• 2 cores to 32 cores (Xeon) – 2 core minimum/4 core for RAC

• Cluster in a box (Oracle Clusterware comes installed)

• 256G RAM x 2 servers = 512 G DRAM (+800G redo Flash)

• 36 T* of raw storage (up to a 12T data warehouse / 3x mirror)

– *Standard is 18T or 36T with optional storage expansion shelf!

• Software on this is 11gR2 / ASM / RAC / Oracle Linux

• Oracle Appliance Manager (Patching / Managing… - NEW)

• High Availability Fault Tolerant! 2 nodes / dual server

• Ready to go in a couple of hours (software & RAC preloaded)

• Auto Memory Management, Auto Tuning, Auto Disk Backup

• Phone home … calls to get service; One button patching

110 This Slide from Oracle Corporation – Thanks!

Oracle Appliance Manager – Configurator

“Pay as You Grow” Database Pricing (Subject to Change – Check with Oracle)

• Old single Hardware System SKU: $50,000**

• (New Version is 60K + 40K (expansion shelf))

• Standard Oracle software licensing applies

– Starting software list price still: $47,500

• “Pay as You Grow”

– CPU cores can be powered down, and don’t have to be

licensed. You can use the cores you need and align

software license costs with business requirements

– You do this through a special area of My Oracle Support

– NEW in 3-2 –Use other CPUs for other tasks** This Slide from Oracle Corporation edited – Thanks!

** Check with your Oracle Sales Rep to Confirm this previous price! You do this using virtualization.

ODA or ¼ Rack Exadata? (Comparison on previous ODA & X2-2)

• Depends on your needs…

• If you need less than 7000 IO’s/sec then ODA (previous version of ODA was around 4000 IO’s/sec)

• Need less than 5 G/s (was 3 G/s) throughput then ODA

• ODA is around ½ the price fully loaded and well less than ½ the price if you don’t need 24 CPU’s

• If you need > 7000 IO’s/sec or > 5G/s throughput or need to grow greater than 32 CPU’s then you need Exadata!

• ¼ Rack Exadata was about 4 – 20x faster than a fully loaded ODA in the last versions depending on workload & other factors. The 1/8th rack is half the size of ¼ rack.

What Early Customers Are Saying …

• "At Beijing Cable TV, we need to be able to deploy highly available database solutions quickly with minimum resources. The Oracle Unbreakable Database Appliance was extremely simple to deploy and manage. We were able to set up a highly available database solution in less than an hour. We also like the fact that the appliance is a complete Oracle engineered system, which includes two server nodes, software, networking, and storage, in a single box, so we don’t need to work with multiple hardware and software vendors.“

– Jianlian Wu, Vice Chief Engineer, Beijing Cable TV

This Slide from Oracle Corporation – Thanks!

What’s up Next …

Exalytics Business Intelligence Machine!

Oracle Exalytics BI Machine!

Leveraging the Times Ten Acquisition

• 1T DRAM

• 3.6T storage uncompressed

• 40 Gb/s InfiniBand

• 4 x 10 core = 40 cores

• 200G/sec scan x 5x compression = 1T/sec scan

• Runs Times Ten, OBIEE, Memory Optimized Essbase…

• In memory data access & columnar compression

• Smart Storage Manager to keep the right things in memory

• Software seems pricey – but, huge impact possible!

“It’s so fast the response time is … well there is no response time, it’s just done.”

What’s Next … SPARC SuperCluster!

SPARC SuperCluster T4-4 The Future is coming faster…

• New SPARC T4 microprocessor

• Runs 5x faster than T3 microprocessor

• Exadata Flash Disk Storage System

• Solaris 11 & 10 8/11 Operating System

• Oracle VM for SPARC

• Targeting SPARC Solaris install base to migrate to SPARC SuperCluster

• Run Oracle Database Applications faster and less expensive than anything available from IBM. (from Oracle Earnings announcement call Sept. 2011)

The new T4 – Why it’s SOOOOO fast!

• 5x faster than T3

• L1/L2 cache specific to a core – 16K each cache

• L3 shared by all 8 cores – 4M (new on T4)

• Prefetching of instructions & data (new on T4)

• Out of order execution (new on T4)

• Dual instruction use (new on T4)

• Memory Management Unit page size = 2G

• Dynamically threaded (see next slide)

• 14 on chip crypto functions & 10GbE networking

• Up to 8 Racks w/o adding any InfiniBand changes

8 core T4 processor has 64 threads

Up to 2 threads run simultaneously

** Thanks Oracle for this image 8 cores x 8 threads each = 64 threads x 4 T4’s x 4 servers

SuperCluster … 1.2M IO’s/sec

How they got these NUMBERS? (Note: There is also ½ Rack now)

• 4 compute servers (SPARC T4 CPU at 3 GHz & 4.8T SAS) – 4 servers x 4 CPU sockets (T4) x 8 cores = 128 cores

– 8 threads per core 128 cores = 1024 threads (1200 threads per box)

• 4 compute servers x 1T DRAM= 4T DRAM (19.2T disk)

• 8 Storage Servers with additional cores & Flash Cache – ZFS 7320 controllers with 2 servers (two 4-core CPU & 2x10 disks)

– 9.6T Flash Cache

– 10x2 = 20 disks x3T (in ZFS) + 6x4 = 24 disks x 600G (in Servers) = 14.4T SAS

– 12 disks per storage server x 8 servers = 96 disks (4 disks are 18G)

– 72 disks x 600G SAS + 20 disks x 3T = 103.2T Mix (117T total including the 14.4G)

– Or: 92 disks x 3T SAS High Capacity = 276T SAS (290T total including the 14.4G)

• 42 GB/s storage bandwidth

SuperCluster about to get Faster?

The new T5 and new T5-4 (& T5-8)

• New SPARC T5

• Runs 2.3x faster than T4

• New T5-5

• Similar to T4-5

• Has the T5 processor

• If SuperCluster replaces T4-4’s with T5-4’s it will be: • 4 servers x 4 CPU sockets (T5) x 16 cores = 256 cores • 8 threads per core 256 cores = 2048 threads (About 2200 threads per box = DOUBLE THE CURRENT!)

• 4 compute servers x 2T DRAM= 8T DRAM (19.2T disk)

Double the CPU & Double the DRAM if SuperCluster gets it!

2K – A typewritten page 5M – The complete works of Shakespeare 10M – One minute of high fidelity sound 2T – Information generated on YouTube in one day 10T – 530,000,000 miles of bookshelves at the Library of Congress 730T – Information generated in YouTube in a year 20P – All hard-disk drives in 1995 (or your database in 2010) 700P –Data of 700,000 companies with Revenues less than $200M 1E – Combined Fortune 1000 company databases (average 1P each) 1E –Next 9000 world company databases (average 100T each) 8E – Capacity of ONE Oracle11g Database (CURRENT) 12E to 16E – Info generated before 1999 (memory resident in 64-bit) 16E – Addressable memory with 64-bit (CURRENT) 161E – New information in 2006 (mostly images not stored in DB) 1Z – 1000E (Zettabyte - Grains of sand on beaches -125 Oracle DBs) 100TY - 100T-Yottabytes (1000Z=1Y) – Addressable 128-bit (FUTURE)

All Data in the world 2010 = 1000E or 1Z

What’s Next – World On-Line in Oracle Cloud

Super Oracle System!

• Oracle’s email system - 9 Exadata Racks

• What’s possible: – 32 x X3-8’s (64 node RAC cluster)

• 10,240 CPUs on the compute servers

• 5,376 CPUs on the storage servers

– 2048 x X3-2 Storage Expansion Racks • Roughly 1327 PB of raw storage

• That’s 13.27 Exabytes compressed (at 10x)

• To Exceed the 8E Oracle Maximum (mirrored) – 32 X3-8’s (10.7 PB)

– 4,096 Storage Expansion Racks (13+Exabytes at 10x)

– 5,000+ years of YouTube storage (2.55P/year)

– 70x Compression will give you 90+ Exabytes

– 64 bit will allow 16E to be in memory

Exadata V2 / V2-8 & Exalogic

The X3-2 is much more than X2-2 …

• 4x more Flash Memory

• 20x increase in Write Performance (Smart Flash Cache Write-Back – could age out in months/years)

• 33% more Data Throughput

• 10 – 30% more Power Savings (-3KW per rack)

• 33% faster CPUs & 75% more Memory

• Same price except 6-core to 8-core software increase

• Can expand V2 or X-2 (½ or ¼ rack & add X3-2)

*** If on 11.2.3.2+ … Does not require

Database/ASM / Cluster upgrade

SuperCluster

Headlines: Oracle is now a very serious

hardware company!

Big Revenue & Big Profits Coming…

Need more hardware … ?

Pillar (SAN), ZFS, Big Data, StorageTek

from www.oracle.com

HUGE iBridge Sale– RJN NOTE

Pillar, ZFS (NAS or SAN), Big Data,

StorageTek

Pillar, ZFS, Big Data, StorageTek

(TAPE) – Store 1E (string of 10 w/ 2:1)!

Pillar, ZFS, Big Data, StorageTek

648T Raw Storage – RJN NOTE

Oracle Big Data Solutions

In-Database MapReduce (12c)

Oracle Public Cloud

The Oracle Social Network

Trends: Gartner Hype Cycle 2012

More SPEED Coming… Get Ready…

This guy does not ever slow down!!

Get Ready for Pluggable Databases

This guy and his team working hard to make your life easier!

What is your System of the Future?

Rich Niemiec, Rolta (www.rolta.com) (Thanks: Andy Mendelsohn, Debbie Migliore, Maria Colgan, Penny Avril, Jacob Niemiec , & Lucas Niemiec)

Oracle Disclaimer: The following is intended to outline Oracle's general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle's products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.

The Best Oracle 12c New Features

(see 12c presentation for more)

Overview – 12c

• Know the Oracle!

• Start Me Up – Using Memory Target, The Buffer Cache & The Result Cache

• Invisible Columns (12c) & virtual columns (11g)

• Multiple indexes on the same Column (12c) & Invisible Indexes (11g)

• Adaptive Execution Plans (12c) & Adaptive Cursor Sharing & Bind Peeking (11g)

• Runaway query Management (12c)

• Change Table Compression at import Time (12c) & (Partition Compression – 11g)

• Create Views as Tables (12c)

• Online Move Partition (12c) & Interval Partitioning (11g)

• Partial Indexes for Partitioned Table (12c)

• Pluggable Databases (12c)

• Enhanced DDL Online (12c)

• Exadata and Big Data (In-Database MapReduce in 12c)

• Consolidated Database Replays & Better Reporting (12c)

• Automatic Diagnostics Repository (12c)

• Security Enhancements (12c)

• Other 12c New Features

Exadata X-3: In-Memory Database

4 T DRAM / 22 T Flash Cache

Compelling Technology Statistics!

Radio TV Cable Internet Wireless

Years to Reach 50M

Friedman’s 6 Dimensions

of Understanding Globalization*

• Politics (Merging)

• Culture (Still disparate)

• Technology (Merging/Merged)

• Finance (Merging/Merged)

• National security (Disparate)

• Ecology (Merging)

* Sited from Mark Hasson, PSU, Global Pricing and International Marketing.

Waves of Acceleration!

Country Time to Oust Ruling Communist Govt.

Poland 10 Years

Hungary 10 Months

E. Germany 10 Weeks

Czechoslovakia 10 Days

Romania 10 Hours

“Human history becomes more and more a race between education and disaster.” - HG Wells

NEW Waves of Acceleration!

Country Time to Oust Ruling Dictators or Monarchy

Iraq ?? Years (with help)

Afghanistan ?? Years (with help)

Egypt Months

Tunisia Months

Libya Months

Yemen ?? Months

Syria ?? Months or Years

Saudi Arabia ?? Years or months

Iran ?? Decades or weeks

Where are YOU in History…

-The Past is History

- The Future is a Mystery

- Today is a Gift

- That’s why they call it the present!

-Melissa

2K – A typewritten page 5M – The complete works of Shakespeare 10M – One minute of high fidelity sound 2T – Information generated on YouTube in one day 10T – 530,000,000 miles of bookshelves at the Library of Congress 20P – All hard-disk drives in 1995 (or your database in 2010) 700P –Data of 700,000 companies with Revenues less than $200M 1E – Combined Fortune 1000 company databases (average 1P each) 1E –Next 9000 world company databases (average 100T each) 8E – Capacity of ONE Oracle11g Database (CURRENT) 12E to 16E – Info generated before 1999 (memory resident in 64-bit) 16E – Addressable memory with 64-bit (CURRENT) 161E – New information in 2006 (mostly images not stored in DB) 1Z – 1000E (Zettabyte - Grains of sand on beaches -125 Oracle DBs) 100TY - 100T-Yottabytes (1000Z) – Addressable in 128-bit (FUTURE)

• All databases of the largest 1,000,000 companies in the world (3E). or • All Information generated in the world in 1999 (2E) or • All Information generated in the world in 2003 (5E) or • All Email generated in the world in 2006 (6E)

or • 1 Mount Everest filled with Documents (approx.)

8 Exabytes:

With Java…

Now Oracle goes Commercial… ?

What’s Next …

What’s comes after the Exadata Zone?

YOU will soon be in for more…

Directly Addressable Indirect/Extended

4 Bit: 16 (640)

8 Bit: 256 (65,536)

16 Bit: 65,536 (1,048,576)

32 Bit: 4,294,967,296

64 Bit: 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 … quantum leaps are next!

• Qubits allow multiple states so that you can look at all of the possibilities/probabilities at one time.

• The “Quantum Zone” next (Quantum Physics is incomplete – Einstein)

– Just 512 qubits would store 512-bits of addressable memory or 2512 (which is well over a googol or 1 with 100 zero’s after it – a googol is about 2332).

– Brush up on your Eigenvectors, Eigenvalues, Pauli Matrices & Grover’s Algorithm

– Create Singularity … all atoms of a person by 2045 (I think earlier); 12-Monkeys

– Private universes – Is there one for each person? (Schroeder’s cat – I think not)

– Rearranging atoms to create new objects; Nanotech + Quantum Physics coming!

What’s comes after the Exadata Zone?

YOU will soon be in for more…

Consider 3-bit or 23 (Addressable memory is 3)

000 100

001 101

010 110

011 111

With just 3 cubits I get (ket notation) – looking at many states at once:

a|000> + b|001> + c|010> + d|011> + e|100> + f|101> + g|110> + h|111>

For the state (a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h): Note that: |010> = (0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0)

As we move from zeros and ones to cubits represented by the Bioch Sphere… many challenges occur including quantum decoherance and issues mapping entanglement & superposition to computing.

Not a tech person…

Know the Tech Mind!

Before Tech they were Engineers

This is How DBA View Themselves!

How everyone else views them!

Do users think of this when they think of their DBA?

1970’s/1980’s High School –

Classic Under-Achievers

Future DBA Future Developer

Future Manager says…

Try Oracle…

Fast Forward to 2013…

Current Manager says…Try Exadata X3-2…

Teach your kids Oracle… 4:33 AM

Don’t want to Embrace the Future???

Summary – We Covered…

• Terminology & the Basics about Exadata (X3-2, X3-8)

• Flash Cache

• Storage Index

• Smart Scans

• Hybrid Columnar Compression (HCC)

• Enterprise Manager & Grid Control

• Enterprise Manager Exadata Simulation

• I/O Resource Manager

• Security, Best Practices

• Exalogic Elastic Cloud

• Exadata Storage Expansion Rack (July 2011)

• SPARC SuperCluster & Oracle Database Appliance X3-2 (March 2013)

• Oracle Exalytics Business Intelligence Machine (October 2, 2011)

• Summary

• Oracle 11g Release 2

Performance Tuning Tips &

Techniques; Richard J.

Niemiec; Oracle Press

(Available now)

“If you are going through hell, keep going” - Churchill

For More Information

#1 Selling Oracle Database Book on

Amazon since it came out in February!

• Also available at other

places like Barnes &

Noble…etc.

• Available on the Kindle

and other book readers

• Why is it #1?

References to wish for…

更多信息

• www.tusc.com

• Oracle9i Performance Tuning

Tips & Techniques; Richard

J. Niemiec; Oracle Press (May

• Oracle 10g Tuning (June 11,

“成功只访问那些没空追求它的人。”

- Henry David Thoreau

References

• Exadata V2 – Sun Oracle DB Machine, Oracle

• Oracle Exadata Implementation Workshop, Oracle Corporation, McLean, Virginia - Multiple Exadata sessions

• Oracle Learning Library – multiple sessions/topics

• Oracle 11g R1/R2 & Oracle 12c Best Features, Rich Niemiec

• Oracle Enterprise Manager Deployment and High Availability Best Practices, Jim Viscusi (Oracle Corporation), Jim Bulloch (Oracle Corporation), Steve Colebrook-Taylor (Barclays Global Investors)

• Oracle11g Performance Tuning Tips & Techniques, Rich Niemiec, Oracle Press McGraw-Hill

• Advanced Compression with Oracle Database 11g Release 2, Oracle Corporation, Steven Lu

• Tech Crunch

• Twilight Zone Series

• Rod Serling; Submitted for Your Approval, American Masters

• YouTube/oracle Oracle OpenWorld On Demand

V$ View Poster – Booth 1355

Rolta– Your Partner ….

Accomplished in Oracle!

2012 Oracle Excellence Award

(9 Partner of the Year / Titans / Excellence Awards)

Prior Years Winner 2002, 2004*, 2007*,2008,2010, 2011 *Won 2 Awards

How to Make a Difference in the World!

Rolta’s Oracle Services

• Oracle

– E-Business Suite implementation, R12 upgrades, migration & support

– Fusion Middleware and Open Systems development

– Business Intelligence (OBIEE) development

– Hyperion Financial Performance Management

– DBA and Database tactical services

– Strategic Global Sourcing

• IT Infrastructure

– IT Roadmap - Security & Compliance - Infrastructure Management

– Enterprise Integration / SOA - High Availability and Disaster Planning

• Profitability & Cost Management

– Financial Consolidation - Budgeting & Forecasting

– Profitability & Risk Analysis - Enterprise Performance Management

– Operational, Financial & Management Reporting

• Rolta Software Solutions

– iPerspective™ - rapid data & systems integration

– Geospatial Fusion™ - spatial integration & visualization

– OneView™ - business & operational intelligence

Copyright

Information

• Neither Rolta nor the author guarantee this document to be error-free. Please provide comments/questions to rich.niemiec@roltasolutions.com. I am always looking to improve!

• Rich Niemiec/ Rolta © 2013. This document cannot be reproduced without expressed written consent from Rich Niemiec or an officer of Rolta TUSC, but may be reproduced or copied for presentation/conference use.

Contact Information

Rich Niemiec: rich.niemiec@roltasolutions.com

www.rolta.com

Rich’s Overview…

• Advisor to Rolta International Board

• Former President of TUSC – Inc. 500 Company (Fastest Growing 500 Private Companies)

– 10 Offices in the United States (U.S.); Based in Chicago

– Oracle Advantage Partner in Tech & Applications

• Former President Rolta TUSC & President Rolta EICT International

• Author (3 Oracle Best Sellers – #1 Oracle Tuning Book for a Decade): – Oracle Performing Tips & Techniques (Covers Oracle7 & 8i)

– Oracle9i Performance Tips & Techniques

– Oracle Database 10g Performance Tips & Techniques

• Former President of the International Oracle Users Group

• Current President of the Midwest Oracle Users Group

• Chicago Entrepreneur Hall of Fame - 1998

• E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year & National Hall of Fame - 2001

• IOUG Top Speaker in 1991, 1994, 1997, 2001, 2006, 2007

• MOUG Top Speaker Twelve Times

• National Trio Achiever award - 2006

• Oracle Certified Master & Oracle Ace Director

• Purdue Outstanding Electrical & Computer and Engineer - 2007