Post on 03-Apr-2018
transcript
Most consumption in the US is produced in the US via on/off shore productionSome Canadian ImportationImportation of foreign Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
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Source: Schlumberger
On Shore Unconventional Production
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- US shale basins.Ma/oF
HOlr1onBh.lff
Floyd ,andC0lJ18Saug,a\l '. eal
r~~~-IMlarce,lIIus
Antrim35-16 tcf
Utic c;!1
F y,etteville
Caney a dWoodford
~~~------..;t::-..,_.CIhattanrooga
Barnett25-252 tcf
Pilerf,e
P'a 10 D'uro .
Sa nett andWo,odford
Pears
Niobr,alrra
G ,een ~i _eli"
M0 merey
Cane Cre'ekHovenweepLe'w~s andMSIIilC C'S
91'1;cl'
MigratingHydrocarbons Shale
FrackPorous & PermeableReservoir Layer
Hydrocarbon Trap
ImpermeableSealing Layer
Organic RichSource Layer
Fracture stimulation 5,000’ – 15,000’ below the surface
Hydraulic Fracturing Technology
Source: Devon Energy 7
Liquefied Natural Gas, or LNG, is natural gas in its liquid form. When natural gas is cooled to minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit (‐162 degrees Celsius), it becomes a clear, colorless, odorless liquidLiquefaction reduces the space natural gas occupies by more than 600 times, making it easier to store and transport
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Liquefied atural Gas (L G)
Existing Requirements
Proposed Requirements
Maximum Btu/scf 1075 1100
Maximum Wobbe Index None 1396
Maximum CO2 or N2 3% aggregate 1% CO2
2% N2
Maximum O21% 0.2%
http://elibrary.ferc.gov:0/idmws/file_list.asp?document_id=13823367Source:
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Gas from the Ground Up
Elba IslandOn-Shore
Off-Shore
Transcontinental
Gas Wells
Gathering SystemsSouthern Natural
Carolina Gas Transmission
SCE&G
Interstate Storage
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A place to store natural gas supplies for use at a later time. Can be an old gas field, developed salt dome or liquefied natural gas tank. Advantages including having gas closer to end-use markets, ability to offset supply disruptions during cold weather, and avoidance of pipeline bottlenecks during peak usage.
STORAGE FIELDS
Source: U.S. Department of Energy
Natural gas can be stored underground in:(A) salt caverns(B) mines (C) aquifers (D) depleted oil/gas reservoirs(E) hard rock mines.
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0
5,000,000
10,000,000
15,000,000
20,000,000
25,000,000
1949
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
MMcf
Source: Energy Information Administration
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U.S. Natural Gas Production
0
5
10
15
20
25
Jan-06 Jul-06 Jan-07 Jul-07 Jan-08 Jul-08 Jan-09 Jul-09 Jan-10
Bcf
/d
Texas Federal GOM Wyoming OklahomaNew Mexico Louisiana Other States
Source: Energy Information Administration18
• 100+ years of natural gas supply – and growing with technology
• New shale gas resources:• Near‐term supply impact
Short well drilling timesVery high initial production rates
• Long‐term supply stabilityWells produce for 40 ‐ 50 years or more
• New resources onshore are easier and less expensive to develop
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