Post on 17-Dec-2015
transcript
NORTHERN RGIONAL GRID : TYPICAL CONDITIONS Typical location of the generating stations vis-à-vis load -- pit head thermal generating stations in the south-east part, -- most of the hydro stations in the north-west part and -- load concentration in the central part of the grid, thereby -- requiring to wheel large quantum of power for long distances
Region having largest number of constituents
-- 9 number of states/U.T and 3 numbers of C.S. Gen. agencies
-- Number of hydro projects having joint ownership -- Criss-crossing of transmission network owned by different agencies
Wide variation in the regional load profile
-- load crash of the order of 5000MW due to sudden change in weather -- steep fall in demand at certain instances, particularly during winter nights
Special requirements by some states
-- by J&K due to strategic location and weather conditions
-- by Delhi due to being capital and strategic nature of load
CHAMERA
DEHAR
HISSAR
MOGA
BHIWANI
PANIPAT
DADRI
RISHIKESH
MORADABAD
SULTANPUR
AZAM-GARH
GORAKHPUR
MAU
OBRA SARNATH
ANPARA
RIHAND
SINGRAULI
KANPUR
(PG)
AURAIYA
BALLABGARH
BAWANA
BAMNOLI
BASSI
JAIPUR
PANKI
MURADNAGAR
MANDAULA
VINDHYACHAL
MALERKOTLA
HYDRO
THERMAL
GAS
POWERGRID SUB-STATION
BBMB SUB-STATION
STATES SUB-STATION
400 kV UNSWITCHED
LINE REACTOR
33 kV SWITCHED
BUS REACTOR
400 kV SWITCHED
BUS/LINE REACTOR
STATIC VAR
COMPENSATOR
HVDC BACK TO BACK
LEGEND:-
NORTHERN BUS
WESTERN BUS
(63)
(50)
(50)
(50)
(50)
B(50)
(50)
540 MW
3x250 MVA
2x315 MVA
1x500 MVA 3x315 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV4x315 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
2x240 MVA
TRF 400/220 KV2x240 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV2x240 MVA
2x240 MVATRF 400/220 kV 2x240 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
TRF 400/132 kV2x200 MVA
TRF 400/132 kV2x100 MVA
TRF400/132kV3x100 MVA
A
A
TRF 400/220 kV3x250+1x315 MVA
B
B
B
B
B
99 km.
400 kV GRID DIAGRAM OF NORTHERN REGION
400 kV TRANSMISSION LINES
765 kV TRANSMISSION LINES
URI
WAGOORAPAMPORE 4x120 MW
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
TRF 400/132 kV
NRLDC/POWERGRID
JANUARY, 2002
A
A
A
(50)
A
(50)
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
A(50)
A(50)
(50)
B
2x450 MVATRF 400/220 kV
A(50)
TRF 400/220 kV3x315 MVA
NATHPA JHAKRI
ABDULLAPUR
400/220 kV2x315 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
2x240 MVATRF 400/220 kV
LUCKNOW2x240 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
2x240 MVATRF 400/220 kV
2x200 MVA
1x315 MVA
BARREILLY
UNNAO
A
(50)
HVDC 500 kV LINE
NALAGARH
+
TRF 220/132 kV2x150 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
145 Km.
TRF 400/220 kV
TRF 400/220 kV
1x315 MVA
AGRA AGRA(UPPCL)
RATANGARH
SURATGARH
CHOMU
REENGUS
SIKAR
2x240 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
2x315 MVATRF 400/220 kV
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
B(63)
A(50)
TRF 400/220 kV2x315 MVA
B(50)
Charged at220 kV
220 kVCharged at
2x315 MVA
TRF 400/220 kV
TRF
DULHASTHI
Charged at400 kV
Charged at400 kV
JALLANDHAR
SCALE : NOT TO SCALE
(63)A
2x315 MVATRF 400/220 kV
1x315 MVATRF 400/220 kV
2x315MVATRF400/220kV
220 kV TRANSMISSION LINES
ALLAHABAD
FROM BIHAR SHARIF
TRF 400/220 KV2x315 MVA
DRN. BY Ramjit
SYSTEM CONTIGENCIES IN NORTHERN GRID Load generation imbalance
. -- Low Frequency -- High Frequency
Voltage related contingencies --Low Voltage --High Voltage
Failure of transmission network
System hunting
SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES : LOW FREQUENCY Sudden/gradual loss of generation --Failure of station’s auxiliary power supply --Critical fault in a sub-station area --Sudden interruption of gas supply in a GT plant --Station’s auxiliaries tripping due to voltage collapse --Tripping of evacuating circuits from a station
Sudden/gradual increase in load
Tripping of inter-regional links
Environmental effects --Choking of filters --Wet coal conditions
--Sudden inrush/depletion of water
SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES : HIGH FREQUENCY
Sudden/gradual loss of load due to change in weather conditions
Excessive generation due to PLF linked incentive/reward schemes
Excessive generation due to deficient commercial mechanism
Loss of load due to tripping of circuits/ICT’s
Tripping of inter-regional links
SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES : LOW VOLTAGE Inadequate VAR compensation at user’s end
Utilities drawing large VARS from the grid
Overloaded transmission/distribution network
Inadequate VAR generation by some generators
Deficient planning/design of sub-stations
Deficient commercial mechanism
SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES : HIGH VOLTAGE Unloading of the circuits due to sudden crash in
demand
Reluctance by generators to operate in leading mode
Improper switching of Reactors/Capacitor banks
Deficient planning/design of sub-stations
Deficient commercial mechanism
SYSTEM CONTINGENCIES : FAILURE OF TRANSMISSION NETWORK
Failure of Rihand-Dadri HVDC poles
Failure of circuits in 400KV AC network in east-west corridor
Incomplete 400KV ring aroud Delhi System
Simultaneous tripping of large numbers of EHV circuits in certain parts of the grid due to foggy and inclement weather coniditions
Failure of transmission circuits in J&K system
DADRI
MORADABAD
OBRA
ANPARA
RIHAND
SINGRAULI
KANPUR
(PG)
BALLABGARH PANKI
MURADNAGAR
VINDHYACHAL
400 kV GRID / TRANSMISSION LINES IN EAST-WEST
LUCKNOW
UNNAO
AGRA
AGRA(UPPCL)
Charged at400 kV
ALLAHABAD
DRN. BY Ramjit
BASSI
CORRIDOR OF NORTHERN REGION
220 kV TRANSMISSION LINES
400 kV TRANSMISSION LINES
G.T. POWER STATION
SUB STATIONS
THERMAL POWER STATIONS
LEGEND:-PROPOSEDEXISTING
220 kV U/G TRANSMISSION CABLES