NTM Corp: Presentation on the basic concept of base oils

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w w w. m o b i l . c o m

BASE OILSClassifications and Properties

North Trend Marketing Corporation Cebu Iloilo Bacolod Dumaguete Bohol Tacloban

Prepared By:Kristian Arvin Jaca2012

w w w. m o b i l . c o mObjectives

The process of crude oil distillation and base oil production.

API classification of base oil groups.

Common properties of base oil groups.

w w w. m o b i l . c o mCrude Oil

What Is It?

• Crude Oil is a complex mixture of a vast number of chemical compounds containing:- Mainly Hydrocarbons with- Sulphur- Nitrogen- Oxygen Compounds- Metallic Salts- Water

• The huge number of possible combinations and variations in chemical structure, means that crudes vary considerably from source to source.

w w w. m o b i l . c o mCrude Oil Extraction

w w w. m o b i l . c o mCrude Distillation

w w w. m o b i l . c o mBase oil quality

Some of the Key Factors

When does it freeze? — Low Pour Point

Refined for Health and Safety

Low PCAs

Good Flow at Low Temperatures

Clarity — Base Oils Must be Clear and Bright — Free from Wax Particles, Free Water, Etc. . .

Strict Quality Checks in Transport

Low Flammability = High Flash Point

Low Volatility

Small Difference in Viscosity at Different Temperatures =

High VISCOSITY INDEX

w w w. m o b i l . c o mBase Oil Categories & Characteristics

API Group Saturates % Sulfur % VI

Group I(Solvent refined)

<90 >0.03 80-120

Group II(Hydro-processed)

>/=90 </=0.03 80-120

Group III(Severely Hydro-processed/ Catalytic de-waxing)

>90 <0.03 120+

Group IV(Polyalphaolefins - PAO)

>90 0.00 140+

Group V(All other synthetic lubricants - polyglycols, esters, silicons, etc.)

Various characteristics based on type

Group 1

Group 2

Group 4

Group 3

Hydro-Processed

Severely Hydro-Processed,Catalytically De-waxed

Synthetic Oil

Mineral Oil

API Group Saturates % Sulfur % VI

Group I(Solvent refined)

<90 >0.03 80-120

Group II(Hydro-processed)

>/=90 </=0.03 80-120

Group III(Severely Hydro-processed/ Catalytic de-waxing)

>90 <0.03 120+

Group IV(Polyalphaolefins - PAO)

>90 0.00 140+

Group V(All other synthetic lubricants - polyglycols, esters, silicons, etc.)

Various characteristics based on type

w w w. m o b i l . c o mViscosity – Temperature Relationship

High Viscosity

Low Viscosity

High Viscosity

Low Viscosity

Better Protection at High Temp

Faster Circulation at Low TempSynthetic Base Oil

VI ≥ 100

Mineral Base OilVI ≤ 99

Similar to Start-Up Conditions Similar to Operating Conditions

Viscosity Index - The rate of change of viscosity with temperature.

w w w. m o b i l . c o mGeneral Base Oil Properties

Comparison on Basestock Properties

Parameter Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

Oxidation Stability

Volatility

Additive Solvency of basestock

Inherent Deposit Control

Low Temperature capability

Efficiency/Traction

Relative costs 1 1.1 – 1.2 1.5 4 to 10

Viscosity range at 40 deg C (in cSt) Up to 500 * Up to 120 * Up to 40 Up to

50,000

* Higher viscosity grades - fortification with polymer thickeners of heavy Group I, IV, or V basestocks is often required

w w w. m o b i l . c o mComparison of Different Base Oils

PAO / PAGASTM colour 1

Conventional mineral oil ASTM colour 3 (hydraulic oil) to 6 (gear oil)

w w w. m o b i l . c o mFully Synthetic Mobil Lubricants

Mobil 1 Mobil Delvac 1 Mobil SHC

Polyalphaolefins (PAO)

w w w. m o b i l . c o mSeven (7) Advantages of Mobil SHCs

w w w. m o b i l . c o m

Seven (7) Advantages of Mobil SHCs

NTM Corp: Presentation on the basic concept of base oils

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