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transcript
Offshore – Wave Energy
EDP Group and Innovation
Agenda
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Offshore – Wind Energy
1
Offshore Energy – Final Remarks
USA
Leading energy utility in Portugal and key player in Iberia present in Brazil and growing in wind power in USA and EU
6% of EBITDA in 9M09
Presence in USA since 2007
Wind Power: 2.3 GW
# 3 wind operator (present in 8 states)
1% of EBITDA in 9M09
Presence since 2006 (France)
Wind Power: 0.27 GW
Other EU
Wind Power
15% of EBITDA in 9M09
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Brazil
SpainPortugal
Note: Data as of Sep-09
16% of EBITDA in 9M09
Listed subsidiary: Energias do Brasil (EDP has 72%)
Presence in Brazil since 1996
Hydro Power: 1.7 GW
2 electricity distribution concessions
51% of EBITDA in 9M09
Privatization in 1997 (IPO)
Single electricity distributor
Single electr. last resource supplier
Power generation: 9.7 GW
26% of EBITDA in 9M09
Presence in Spain since 2001
Power generation 5.2 GW
# 2 in gas distribution
Electricity distribution (Asturias)
2
15% of EBITDA in 9M09
Listed subsidiary: EDP Renováveis (EDP has 77.5%)
IPO in Jun-08
Wind Power: 4.9 GW
# 4 wind operator worldwide (present in 8 countries)
The global energy outlook is changing…
… making Renewables growth an unstoppable trend…
… in which EDP is uniquely positioned to create value
Global trends continue to support EDP’s clean energy focus
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico3
Global trend supports EDP’s Renewable Strategy
Offshore powerElectricalmobility
Smart Grids
Solar power
EDP’s strategic innovation areas range from clean energy to energy efficiency(including transports), having at its core a new, more intelligent electrical grid
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Energy Efficiency
Smart Grids
Other areas covered� CCS� Conventional wind� Micro-generation� Storage
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Offshore – Wave Energy
EDP Group and Innovation
Agenda
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Offshore – Wind Energy
5
Offshore Energy – Final Remarks
Wave energy’s worldwide potential is vast. In particular the west coast of Europe is verysuitable for wave energy development
Resource and Market Potential
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico6
• Worlwide wave resource ranges 2 TW (15% in Europe)
• 200 GW of world installed capacity (feasible) until 2050
Source: DTI, Carbon Trust
Pri
ori
ty z
on
es*
Good sites Government support
250 MW Capacity
•New Decree-Law defining 250 MW to be attributed through 3 phases:
• Demonstration phase (20 MW)
• Pre-Commercial phase (100
1
+
Resource40 kW/m
Electrical
Portuguese case – good natural conditions, logistics and government commitment
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico7
Pri
ori
ty z
on
es*
Best classification
Worst classification
.
.
.
* Wave Energy Center study
3,5 to 4 GW of potential capacity alongside Portuguese coast, to be installed over the years
• Pre-Commercial phase (100 MW)
• Commercial phase (130 MW)15y feed-in tariff
•Feed-in-tariff, currently starting at ~€260 MWh, for 15y
Simple licensing process
•Simple licensing process (envisaged one-stop-shop approach)
2
3
networkalongcoast
GoodLogistics
Source: Wave Energy Centre, LNEG
Shoreline Devices
(Low depth)
Nearshore Devices
(Up to 20m depth)
Technology – proximity to shore / depth segmentation
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico8
Offshore Devices
(About 50m depth for floating devices)
Trends?
• The greatest potential is in offshore applications (more energy per meter, market is huge)
• Even onshore and nearshore devices are seen as development platforms for future offshore applications
Oscillating Water Column (onshore, nearshore or offshore)
Point Absorbers – Floating or submerged, usually hydraulic PTO
Technology – energy conversion principles
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico9
Articulated Overtopping (onshore, nearshore or offshore)
Technology – maturity in >10 years time
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• Energy conversion principle not yet stabilized – There is a large number of
devices based in four or five conversion principles
• First demonstration projects at sea ongoing
How will technology evolve?
• Only one energy conversion principle, like in wind with horizontal axis turbines?
• Two or three conversion principles, segmented by resource characetristics, proximty to coast, etc. ?
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More than 25 years experience and direct paticipation in several R&D and demonstration projects
Exploration (promotor)
Installation and maintenace
Enginering work focusing on installation
Production of ancillary equipments (e.g., substaions, connections)
System assemblyComponentsdevelopmentand production
Research & Development
Competences in assembly in complex system was already demonstrated in several industries
Experinced Renewable Energy promotors
National industry in metal-mechanics,
Civil engineering companies with
Good network of ports and
Existing know-how in components fabrication for onshore use, provides base for the offshore development, namely in
Value chain
National Competences
Degree
Already existing
Stages adding more valueSignificant opportunity for PT in wave energy technologies and services
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico11
*Final evaluation depends on winning technologiesSource: Mckinsey PCTE study; Interviews with experts
metal-mechanics, hydraulics, power electronics is potentially competitive on international scale
Components developed through scale production*
companies with strong experience in construction of maritime infra-structure and strong knowledge in ocean activities
ports and shipyards, to be leveraged with service providing to these equipments
Lead the world in the development of technologies and services in wave energy conversion
Secure Nacional production of a significant part of the components used in the systems
Become a world refernce in engineering for wave energy installations
namely in applications regarding wave energy
Lead in the development installed capacity of offshore ancillary equipments
Ambition
Development Potential
Stronger Difficulties
Adapt ports and shipyards to service the wave energy projects
Diversify RE portfolio by gradually integrating wave energy projects alongside with mature technologies
•EDP has shorlisted a number of wave energy technologies as being the most promising (still not at a mature stage).
•EDP is promoting the “Ondas de Portugal” initiative with other promoters, industrial partners, research centers and technology developers in order to help grow a wave energy cluster in Portugal
•Technological demonstration projects under negotiation (offshore)
Projects – EDP was an early mover in the wave energy sector
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
• EDP was involved in the development of the “European wave energy pilot plant” at the island of Pico (Azores, Portugal). The first wave power plant to be grid connected (y. 2000).
• Following the cancelation of the breakwater integrated OWC project (BREAKWAVE), EDP is pursuing alternatives for the development of a demonstration project based in OWC technology.
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Enormous potential for value creation
• 3 to 5 GW of primary energy available, feasible 400 MW until 2020 and 1 GW until 2025
• Business in the range of1,5 Bi € in 2025 (80% exports)*
• 7.700 jobs*
• Opportunities in fabrication, engineering and O&M and environmental studies*
Technology uncertainty (it is still not clear what concepts will materialize in real business)
OWC Articulated
Point absorbers Overtopping
Ondas de Portugal, OdP – Open Technology Strategy
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico13
• Leveraging on existing know-how, attracting more kowledge, in a R&D intensive area
Ondas de Portugal, OdP
Main renewable energy promoters and relevant industrial partners, in close relation with the cientific community, together to generate critical mass and share risk in the development of
several promising wave energy and ancillary technologies
* Source: Inteli Study
Project Aguçadoura – First step under OdP scope
What?
• Aquisition of the company “Companhia de Energias Oceânicas (CEO) that owns the following assets:
• Aguçadoura land substation, installation / demonstration licences, offshore equipment
• Securing acquisition rights over the second generation of Pelamis Technology - P2
Who?
• EDP Inovação (52%)
• EFACEC (25%)
• Pelamis Wave Power (23%)
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico14
• Pelamis Wave Power (23%)
Offshore – Wave Energy
EDP Group and Innovation
Agenda
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Offshore – Wind Energy
15
Offshore Energy – Final Remarks
Key offshore wind advantages
Why Offshore Wind?
• Higher wind resource and less turbulence
• Large ocean areas available
• Best spots in wind onshore are becoming scarce
• Offshore wind, including deep offshore, has the capacity to deliver high quantities of energy
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
energy
Why Floating Offshore Wind?
• Limited spots with shallow waters (mostly in the North Sea)
• Most of the resource is in deep waters
• Large ocean areas available
• Less restrictions for offshore deployments and reduced visual impacts
• Huge potential around the world: PT, Spain, UK, France, Norway, Italy, USA, Canada …
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Resource and Market Potential
EU15 Potential• Good offshore wind resource (load factor > 3.000h)
• Offshore wind potential is mostly in transitional and deep waters(1) (~65 %)
• Energy Potential >700 TWh (~220 GW)
• Ports and docks available along European coast
Depth (m) 0 - 30 40 – 200 +
Offshore potential EU15
77 GW >140 GW
Mean Wind speed (50m)
(1)Analysis limited to 100m water depths
Source: Greenpeace & Garrad Hassan 2004; IEA; Global insight;
Desenvolvimento TecnológicoSource: DTI
0 105 km
Portuguese & Spanish Potential• Continental shelf ends near the coast
• Grid connection available near the coast
• Limited Potential for water depths < 40m
• 250 km of PT Costal Line suitable to be explored
• Energy Potential in PT >40 TWh (~12 GW)
• Energy Potential in SP >290 TWh (~98 GW)
European Bathymetry
Depth (m) 0 - 30 40 – 200 +
Offshore potential
PT 2 GW >10 GW
SP 18 GW >80 GW
Source: Univ.de Zaragoza – Evaluación Potencial Energías Renovables (2007)
Source: Greenpeace & Garrad Hassan 2004; IEA; Global insight;
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Resource / Market Potential – Portugal
• Onshore wind energy limited to ~12 TWh
• Wind energy penetration will reduce to 17% by 2020(1)
- If new renewable energies are not introduced to energy mix production
• The deployment of commercial Offshore Wind farms in transitional waters (>40m, <
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Source: INETI
(1)Considering a grow rate of ~3% in energy consumption
Wind farms in transitional waters (>40m, < 60m) will:
• Enable Portugal to keep the leading position in renewable energy
• Maintain the wind energy penetration of 20% by 2020 and 2030
• If floating offshore wind is deployed the wind energy penetration will increase significantly
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• Onshore wind energy limited to ~12 TWh
• Wind energy penetration will reduce to 17% by 2020(1)
- If new renewable energies are not introduced to energy mix production
• The deployment of commercial Offshore Wind farms in transitional waters (>40m, <
Resource / Market Potential – Portugal
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Source: INETI
Wind farms in transitional waters (>40m, < 60m) will:
• Enable Portugal to keep the leading position in renewable energy
• Maintain the wind energy penetration of 20% by 2020 and 2030
• If floating offshore wind is deployed the wind energy penetration will increase significantly
(1)Considering a grow rate of ~3% in energy consumption
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Technology
Co
st
Floating
Jackets
MonoPiles
Monopiles• Basic extension of turbine
tower w/ transition piece
• Economically feasible in shallow water depths (10-30m)
Jackets• Economically feasible in
transitional water depths (30-50m)
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Water DepthSource: NREL
50m)
• Derivatives from Oil & Gas technology
• Beatrice successfully deployed (2 jackets x RePower 5M)
Floating• Economically feasible in
deep water (50-900m)
• Two prototypes have been deployed (Hywind and Blue H)
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Technology – several projects with 1 common conversion principle
Floating offshore wind timeline
2007
• Statoil Hydro and Siemens sign agreement for Hywind project
• Sway raises €16.5M in private placement
Trade name WindFloat Hywind Blue H Sway
DeveloperPrinciple Power
(US)Statoil Hydro (NO) Blue H (NL)
Norwegian consortium (NO)
Foundation typeSemi-submersible (moored 4-6 lines)
Spar (moored 3 lines)
Tension Leg Platform
Hybrid Spar/TLP (single tendon)
Water Depths > 40 m >100 m > 40 m 100 m - 400 m
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
private placement
2008
• Blue H half-scale prototype installation
• EDP and Principle Power partner to deploy WindFloat technology
2009
• Hywind full-scale prototype installation with 2.3MW turbine
Water Depths > 40 m >100 m > 40 m 100 m - 400 m
Turbine3-10MW
Existing technology!2.3 MW Siemens
2 bladed “Omega” under development
Multibrid Downwind under development
InstallationTow out fully commissioned
Dedicated vessel-tow out and upending
Tow out on buoyancy modules until connection
Dedicated vessel-tow out and upending
Turbine installation
Onshore Offshore Onshore Offshore
StrengthsDynamic motions, installation, overall simplicity of design
Existing turbine and hull technology,
well funded
First sub-scale demo deployed
Low steel weight
Challenges Steel costDynamic motions,
installation
Mooring cost, turbine design, turbine coupling with tendons
Installation and maintenance,
downwind 3-blade turbine
Stage of Development
Ready for prototype testing
Full-scale prototype installed in 2009
Half-scale prototype installed in 2008
Development of the concept
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Experinced Renewable Energy promotors
Stages adding more value
Exploration (promotor)
Installation and maintenace
Enginering work focusing on installation
Production of ancillary equipments (e.g., substaions, connections)
Components development and fabrication
TowerNational
Competences Degree
Turbine Transitional depth(30-50m)
Deep waters (>50m)
Support structures
Already existing
Presence of National tower producers Existing know-
how in components fabrication for onshore use,
Value chain
Significant opportunity for PT in offshore wind support structures
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Technologies based in civil engineering achievable given Portuguese background
National experience only focusing site assembly
Good network of ports and shipyards, to be leveraged with service providing to these equipments
Civil engineering companies with strong experience in construction of maritime infra-structure
Attract to Portugal activities in the areas of research, development and demonstration in key offshore areas such as offshore turbines and support structures
Ambition
Become world experts in engineering for offshore energy installations
Development Potential
Stronger Difficulties
Technology transfer from O&G sector.Incentive would stimulate O&G companies interests to pursue RE tech.
onshore use, provides base for the offshore development
Lead in installed capacity of offshore ancillary equipments
Adapt ports and shipyards to service the offshore energy projects
Diversify RE portfolio by gradually integrating offshore energy projects alongside with mature technologies
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Project – Windfloat
Turbine Agnostic• Conventional (3-blade, upwind)
• No major redesign
- Control system – software
- Tower – structural interface
High Stability Performance• Static Stability - Water Ballast
- ≈ ½ of hull displacement
• Dynamic Stability - Heave Plates
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
• Dynamic Stability - Heave Plates
- Move platform natural response above the wave excitation (entrained water)
- Viscous damping reduces platform motions
• Efficiency – Closed-loop Active Ballast System
Depth Flexibility (>40m)
Assembly & Installation
• Port assembly
• No specialized vessels required, conventional tugs
• Industry standard mooring equipment
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Project – Windfloat
Phase 1 – 2MW Prototype
Capacity: 2MW WindFloat prototype
Location: Aguçadoura, grid connected
~5 km of coast, 40 - 50 m water depth
Turbine: 2MW offshore wind turbine
Test period: at least 12 months
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Phase 2 - Pre-commercial
Phase 3 - Commercial
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Offshore – Wave Energy
EDP Group and Innovation
Agenda
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Offshore – Wind Energy
25
Offshore Energy – Final Remarks
Type Commercial/mature Pre-commercial Demonstration Phase
•Conventional Hydro
•Mini-Hydro
•Onshore Wind •Offshore Wind
•Micro-Wind
•Offshore wind (floating)
•Solar PV – Cristalinesilicon
•Concentrated Solar Power
•Solar PV- Thin films•Solar PV – Nano thin films•Solar PV Concentratted
Wind
Solar
Hydro
Technology – Deep offshore wind likely to develop first
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico26
silicon•Solar PV- Thin films •Solar PV Concentratted
•Biomass/waste combustion
•Biomass cofiring
•Biogas
•Tidal
•Wave
•Ocean biomass•Salinity gradient•Ocean thermal
•Conventional geothermal•Enhanced
geothermal
Solar
Bio
Ocean
Geothermal
Technology Development Gap
Visibility over final technological
solution
Waves
•Conversion principle not yet stabilized
Deep Offshore WindMain
differences
•Conversion principle stabilized•Technology challenges:
•Wind turbine and maritime environment•Adapt wind turbine to platform motion (pitch)•O&M operations
•Cost challenge: Low cost O&G structure
Technology – Deep offshore wind likely to develop first
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico27
Time to market(expected)
Initiatives in place
•>10 years
•Severeal tens of initiatives in place with different kinds of maturities•Typical technology developer is a startup company with limited access to funding (some exceptions)
•Cost challenge: Low cost O&G structure
•5 to 10 years
•Less than 10 initiatives in place, tipically associated with credible players(StatoilHydro, Siemens, new trubine manufacturers, etc.).•There are also exceptions
Technology
•Onshore wind with high growth rate
•Offshore wind in shallow Tec
hn
olo
gy
D
ev
elo
pm
en
t
•Onshore wind continues with high growth rate
•Shallow Offshore wind increases significantly its growth rate
•Deep offshore wind with first commercial deployments
•Onshore wind reaches the limit of its potential.
•Shallow Offshore wind reduces its growth rate
•Deep offshore wind with high growth rate
•Wave energy with first commercial deployments
Different maturities between wind and wave technology suggest the following commercialization path:
1) onshore wind 2)offshore wind 3) deep offshore wind 4) waves
M1 – Milestones
Short/Medium Term
•Solve issues in offshore wind
•First successful demonstration projects and technology cost reduction in deep offshore wind
• Wave conversion principles stabilized
M1
M2
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico
Focus: Efficiency
Focus: Efficacy
•Offshore wind in shallow waters in expansion
•Deep offshore wind in demonstration stage
•Wave energy finalysing R&D and starting demo. Phase (redesigning after 1st sea test)
De
ve
lop
me
nt
Short Term Medium Term Long Term
•Wave energy focusing on demonstration in real sea conditions
Deep offshore has the highest growth capacity in medium term. Long term potential for wave is huge.
M2 – Milestones
Medium/Long Term
•Technology consolidationand cost reduction in deepoffshore wind
•Succes in wave energydemonstration projects andprospects for cost reduction
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Phases with more significant sinergies
Wave Energy
Same needs regading infra.structure for grid connection
Lots of sinergies in development and risk management
Sinergies and knowledge sharing namely in:•site selection•Installation and
Possibility to develop versatile shipyard facilities and
Exploration (promotor)
Installation and maintenace
Enginering work focusing on installation
Production of ancillary equipments (e.g., substaions, connections)
System assemblyComponents development and production
Research & Development
Value Chain – Evident sinergies!
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico29
Sources / technologies
Offshore wind energy
•Installation and maintenance yechnices and innovations•anchoring
facilities and vessels able to accomodate wave and offshore wind works
Exploration (promotor)
Installation and maintenace
Enginering work focusing on installation
Production of ancillary equipments (e.g., substaions, connections)
Components development and fabrication
TowerTurbine Transitional depth (30-50m)
Deep waters (>50m)
Support structures
Project – Instituto de Energias Offshore
What?
Creation of a knowledge and operational support centre for offshore energy projects (waveenergy and offshore wind :
• Applied R&D and technology observatory in the offshore area
• Numerical and laboratory support to technology developers
• Operational support in tank and sea testing
• Support to industrialization
Who?
• EDP
• Efacec
• Martifer
• Galp
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico30
• Galp
• WavEC, U. Aveiro
•EDP believes that Offshore Wind and Wave Energy, together with otheremerging renewables, will be one of the most important growth vectors for the company in the future
•Offshore wind is closer to be a reality, but wave energy also has long termpotential
Conclusions
Desenvolvimento Tecnológico31
•Wave Energy already has a support scheme in place (although needs some clarification). Offshore wind needs to have a regulatory framework in place
• There are evident sinergies in offshore energy: offshore wind and waveshould be tackled together, namely with initiatives like IEO and commondemonstration sites
•Offshore energy (waves + wind) may still not play a decisive role in 2020 targets, but constitutes a significant opportunity for Portugal in the future, namely in technology development.