Post on 15-Jan-2016
transcript
Open House, Berlin June 3, 2003
Bob Heile, Chairman, Zigbee Alliance
Hosted by Nanotron Technologies
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
2
Today’s Agenda
Time Discussion Topic Moderator1:00 PM Welcome and Introductions Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman
1:05 PM ZigBee Alliance Overview, Goals and Objectives
Bob Heile
Philips Michael Eckardt
Motorola Kristen Law
Mitsubishi Jinyun Zhang
Invensys Geoff Mulligan
Honeywell Patrick Gonia
2:30 PM IEEE 802.15.4 Status and Technical Update
Pat Kinney,Kinney Consulting, Chair IEEE 802.15.4
2:50 PM Break
1:40 PM ZigBee Promoter Introductions and Presentations:
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
3
Today’s Agenda (2)
Time Discussion Topic Moderator3:10 PM ZigBee Marketing Overview Venkat Bahl, Vice Chairman, ZigBee Alliance
Architecture Subcommittee Don Sturek, Figure8Profiles Nick Shepherd, PhilipsBuilding Automation Pat Kinney, Kinney ConsultingNetworking Monique Bourgeois, MotorolaSecurity Ed Callaway, MotorolaInteroperability Bhupender Virk, Chair of Interoperability WG
ZigBee Member CompaniesPresentations from some of the ZigBee member companies
5:00 PM Closing Q & A Bob Heile5:30 PM Networking Reception & Boat Cruise
3:30 PM
4:00 PM AMI , Certicom, Chipcon, ENQ, Figure 8 Wireless, Millennial Net, Nanotron, Samsung, Zensys, ZMD
ZigBee Technical Working Groups Goals and activities of each working group
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
4
Mission Statement
To enable reliable, cost-effective, low-power, wirelessly networked,
monitoring and control products based on an open global standard.
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
5
The ZigBee Alliance Solution
• Targeted at home and building automation and controls, consumer electronics, PC peripherals, medical monitoring, and toys
• Industry standard through application profiles running over IEEE 802.15.4 radios
• Primary drivers are simplicity, long battery life, networking capabilities, reliability, and cost
• Alliance provides interoperability and certification testing
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
6
History
ZigBee
IEEE 802.15.4
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
RSI/TRDProposals
Initial MRD v0.2
PAR
Proposalto IEEE
ProposalsStand.
CompleteReviews
ZigBee Allianceformed
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
7
Promoter Companies
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
8
Membership Classes
• Promoters– founding members of ZigBee, who form the
Board of Directors. There are currently 5 promoters + 1 chairperson
• Participants– members who generally wish to make technical
contributions and/or serve on the Technical Group committees. These members have early access to specifications, and they may also chair working group subcommittees. They are in a position to help shape the ZigBee technology for industrial applications and the connected home.
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
9
Working Groups
• Profile Architecture (Nick Shepherd)• Network (Monique Bourgeois)• Security (Larry Puhl, acting)• Interoperability (Bhupender Virk)• Building Automation (Pat Kinney)• Marketing (Venkat Bahl)
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
10
Organization Structure
Larry Puhl, acting
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
11
The Wireless MarketS
HO
RT
<
R
AN
GE
>
L
ON
G
LOW < DATA RATE > HIGH
PAN
LAN
TEXT GRAPHICS INTERNET HI-FI AUDIO
STREAMINGVIDEO
DIGITALVIDEO
MULTI-CHANNELVIDEO
Bluetooth1
Bluetooth 2
ZigBee
802.11b
802.11a/HL2 & 802.11g
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
12
Applications
ZigBeeWireless Control that
Simply Works
RESIDENTIAL/LIGHT
COMMERCIAL CONTROL
CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
TVVCRDVD/CDremote
securityHVAClighting controlaccess controllawn & garden irrigation
PC & PERIPHERALS
INDUSTRIALCONTROL
asset mgtprocess controlenvironmental
energy mgt
PERSONAL HEALTH CARE
BUILDING AUTOMATION
securityHVAC
AMRlighting control
access control
mousekeyboardjoystick
patient monitoring
fitness monitoring
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
13
Development of the Standard
• ZigBee Alliance– 50+ companies: semiconductor
mfrs, IP providers, OEMs, etc.– Defining upper layers of
protocol stack: from network to application, including application profiles
– First profiles published mid 2003
• IEEE 802.15.4 Working Group– Defining lower layers of
protocol stack: MAC and PHY scheduled for release in April
SILICON
ZIGBEE STACK
APPLICATION Customer
IEEE802.15.4
ZigBee Alliance
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
14
Frequencies and Data Rates
BAND COVERAGE DATA RATE # OF CHANNEL(S)
2.4 GHz ISM Worldwide 250 kbps 16
868 MHz Europe 20 kbps 1
915 MHz ISM Americas 40 kbps 10
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
15
Stack Reference Model
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC (CPS)
ZigBee NWK
MAC (SSCS)802.2 LLC
IP
API UDP
ZA1 ZA2 … ZAn IA1 IAn
Transmission & reception on the physical radio channel
Channel access, PAN maintenance, reliable data transport
Topology management, MAC management, routing, discovery
protocol, security management
Application interface designed usinggeneral profile
End developer applications, designed using application profiles
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
16
Protocol Stack Features
• Microcontroller utilized• Full protocol stack <32 k• Simple node-only
stack ~4k• Coordinators
require extra RAM– Node device database
– Transaction table
– Pairing table
PHY LAYER2.4 GHz 915MHz 868 MHz
MAC LAYERMAC LAYER
NETWORK LAYERStar/Cluster/Mesh
APPLICATION INTERFACE
APPLICATIONS
SiliconApplication ZigBee Stack
Customer
IEEE802.15.4
ZigBee Alliance
SECURITY
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Competitive or Complementary?
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
18
ZigBee and Bluetooth
• ZigBee– Smaller packets over
large network– Mostly Static
networks with many, infrequently used devices
– Home automation, toys, remote controls, etc.
• Bluetooth– Larger packets over small
network– Ad-hoc networks– File transfer – Screen graphics, pictures,
hands-free audio, Mobile phones, headsets, PDAs, etc.
Optimized for different applications
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
19
• Bluetooth is a cable replacement for items like Phones, Laptop Computers, Headsets
• Bluetooth expects regular charging– Target is to use
<10% of host power
ZigBee and BluetoothAddress Different Needs
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
20
• ZigBee is better for devices Where the battery is ‘rarely’ replaced– Targets are :
• Tiny fraction of host power• New opportunities where
wireless not yet used
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Address Different Needs
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
21
Air interfaceZigBee• DSSS- 11 chips/
symbol• 62.5 K symbols/s • 4 Bits/ symbol• Peak Information Rate
~128 Kbit/second
Bluetooth• FHSS• 1 M Symbol / second• Peak Information Rate
~720 Kbit / second
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
22
Silicon
PHY Layer
MAC LayerMAC Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
ZigBeeStack
Application
Application Interface
Application
Protocol Stack Comparison
Silicon
RFBaseband
Link Controller
Vo
ice
Link Manager
Host Control Interface
L2CAP
TelephonyControlProtocol
Inte
rco
m
Hea
dse
t
Co
rdle
ss
Gro
up
Cal
l
RFCOMM(Serial Port)
OBEX
BluetoothStack
Applications
vCar
d
vCal
vNo
te
vMes
sag
e
Dia
l-u
pN
etw
ork
ing
Fax ServiceDiscoveryProtocol
User Interface
Zigbee Bluetooth
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
23
Bluetooth:• Network join time = >3s• Sleeping slave changing to active = 3s typically• Active slave channel access time = 2ms typically
ZigBee:• Network join time = 30ms typically • Sleeping slave changing to active = 15ms typically• Active slave channel access time = 15ms typically
Timing Considerations
ZigBee protocol is optimized for timing critical applications
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
24
Initial Enumeration
Coordinator Coordinator
ZigBee Bluetooth
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
25
ZigBee and BluetoothBluetooth ZigBee
AIR INTERFACE FHSS DSSS
PROTOCOL STACK 250 kb 28 kb
BATTERY rechargeable non-rechargeable
DEVICES/NETWORK 8 255
LINK RATE 1 Mbps 250 kbps
RANGE ~10 meters (w/o pa) ~30 meters
Comparison Overview
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
26
An Application Example
• Wireless Light switch – – Easy for Builders to Install
• A Bluetooth Implementation would either :– keep a counter running so
that it could predict which hop frequency the light would have reached or
– use the inquiry procedure to find the light each time the switch was operated.
Battery Life & Latency in a Light Switch
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
27
Light switch using Bluetooth• Option 1: use counter to predict hop frequency
reached by light– The two devices must stay within 60 us (~1/10 of a
hop)– With 30ppm crystals, devices need to communicate
once a second to track each other's clocks.– Assume this could be improved by a factor of 100 then
devices would need to communicate once every 100 seconds to maintain synchronization.
– => 900 communications / day with no information transfer + perhaps 4 communications on demand
– 99.5% Battery Power wasted
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
28
Light switch using Bluetooth
• Option 2: Inquiry procedure to locate light each time switch is operated– Bluetooth 1.1 = up to 10 seconds typical– Bluetooth 1.2 = several seconds even if
optimized
– Unacceptable latency
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
29
Light switch using ZigBee
• With DSSS interface, only need to perform CSMA before transmitting – Only 200 µs of latency– Highly efficient use of battery power
ZigBee offers longer battery life and lower latency than a
Bluetooth equivalent.
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
30
Conclusion• ZigBee targets applications not addressable by Bluetooth or any other
wireless standard
• ZigBee and Bluetooth complement for a broader solution
ZigBee and Bluetooth
Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.
31
More Information
ZigBee Alliance web site http://www.ZigBee.org
IEEE 802.15.4 web sitehttp://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html
Bob Heile, Chairbheile@ieee.org