Organ & Tissue Transplants

What is transplantation?

• Replacing a damaged, non-functional or missing organ or tissue with an organ or tissue from another donor

There are multiple types of transplants:Autografts – From the same persons bodyAllografts – From another sourceIsograft – From an identical source (twin or clone)Xenografts – From another species

What can be transplanted?

Organs1

2

3

What can be transplanted?

Tissues1

2

Autografts• Transplant of organ tissue from within the

same person

• Less risk of rejection

• Examples?

Skin Grafts

Bypass Surgery

Tommy John Surgery

Veins used to bypass coronary blockage

Ulnar collateral ligament replaced with one from elsewhere in body

Allografts• Transplant of organ tissue from one person to

another

• Most transplants are allografts

• Donors can be living or deceasedTissues can be stored for transplants up to 5 years Organs last about 24 hours after death

• Examples?

Face Transplant

Kidney Transplant

First successful full facial transplant was in Barcelona in 2010

Xenografts• Transplant of organ tissue from another species

• High risk of rejection

• Lifespan and disease issues

• But long waitlists for organs make this potentially useful in the future

Baby Fae

• Received a baboon heart transplant in 1984

• Incompatible blood types (O vs AB)

• Experimental and contraversial!

Isografts• Transplant of organ tissue from identical source

• Very rare because of requirements, but very successful! Low rejection rate.